纵轴式掘进机镐型截齿等寿命研究
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摘要
本文以纵轴式掘进机镐型截齿的截割机理为研究对象,建立了截割头和掘进机坐标系的数学模型,在此基础上对截齿的轨迹、单齿截割量以及动静态参数进行了分析和模拟,结合计算机辅助分析和设计软件对掘进机截割头的截齿分布以截割量相等为目标进行了优化设计。
在已建的掘进机整机数学模型的基础上,通过Matlab软件对其运动轨迹进行求解,给出了掘进机在横摆截割时,位置坐标求解的简化算法,并通过对比验证了简化算法具有较高的精度,可以满足矿井破岩作业的要求。建立截割头破岩的数学模型,利用积分方法并借助计算机进行辅助计算,定量地计算出截割头上每一截齿在切割过程中的破岩体积,同时以所有截齿等寿命为设计目标确定截齿的布置。在此前提下,作者认为每齿在工作过程中必须遵从每齿在单位工作循环周期内的截割煤岩体积即截割量相等,且其受到破岩的工作反力最小。截齿的安装位置决定了截齿工作的应力分布,利用SolidWorks/COSMOS软件对单齿工作时的受力状况进行分析和模拟,以截齿所受应力最小为目标来优化截齿的安装姿态参数。动态工作角度也影响着截齿的截割量,其中截割角与截割后角对截割量的影响较大,截割角与截割后角成线性关系,两者的变化趋势相同。本文对截齿的动态工作角度的表达式进行了推导,并利用LabVIEW和Matlab联合编程对镐型截齿动态截割角的变化进行了仿真。
图60表5参58
In this paper, coordinate systems of cantilever-type roadheader and the cutting head were established based on cutting mechanism of the cantilever-type roadheader conicial bits. the trajectory, volume cutting by one bit, dynamic and static parameters of bits were analyzed and fitted based on the coordinate systems, cutting head bits distribution were optimized for equal cutting volume of all bits by computer-aided analysis and design software.
The trajectory of roadheader bits were calculated based on the built roadheader mathematical model by matlab software. The simplified algorithm of bits swing trajectory were given, and proved to be able to meet the requirements of the mine rock-breaking with high accuracy by comparing the error between the original algorithm and the simplified algorithm. The mathematical rocks cutting model of cutting head were established, solved by computer using calculus. Rock volume cutting by one bit in the work process were quantitatively calculated, and bits distribution was designed to make rocks volume cutting by all bits equaled. On this premise, the author believes that every bit should make the rock volume cutting by all bits in a work period equal, and its work force minimal. The installation angle of bit determines its stress distribution when working, the SolidWorks/COSMOS software was used for analying and simulating bit's work force to adjust the installation angle to minimize the stress on bit. Dynamic working angles also affect the cutting rock volume, in which cutting angle and clearance angle have a greater impact. They have the same trend as linear relationship between them. The expression of cutting angle was derived in this paper, and the simulation curve was plotted by joint programming with Lab VIEW and Matlab.
Figure 60 Table 5 Reference 58
在已建的掘进机整机数学模型的基础上,通过Matlab软件对其运动轨迹进行求解,给出了掘进机在横摆截割时,位置坐标求解的简化算法,并通过对比验证了简化算法具有较高的精度,可以满足矿井破岩作业的要求。建立截割头破岩的数学模型,利用积分方法并借助计算机进行辅助计算,定量地计算出截割头上每一截齿在切割过程中的破岩体积,同时以所有截齿等寿命为设计目标确定截齿的布置。在此前提下,作者认为每齿在工作过程中必须遵从每齿在单位工作循环周期内的截割煤岩体积即截割量相等,且其受到破岩的工作反力最小。截齿的安装位置决定了截齿工作的应力分布,利用SolidWorks/COSMOS软件对单齿工作时的受力状况进行分析和模拟,以截齿所受应力最小为目标来优化截齿的安装姿态参数。动态工作角度也影响着截齿的截割量,其中截割角与截割后角对截割量的影响较大,截割角与截割后角成线性关系,两者的变化趋势相同。本文对截齿的动态工作角度的表达式进行了推导,并利用LabVIEW和Matlab联合编程对镐型截齿动态截割角的变化进行了仿真。
图60表5参58
In this paper, coordinate systems of cantilever-type roadheader and the cutting head were established based on cutting mechanism of the cantilever-type roadheader conicial bits. the trajectory, volume cutting by one bit, dynamic and static parameters of bits were analyzed and fitted based on the coordinate systems, cutting head bits distribution were optimized for equal cutting volume of all bits by computer-aided analysis and design software.
The trajectory of roadheader bits were calculated based on the built roadheader mathematical model by matlab software. The simplified algorithm of bits swing trajectory were given, and proved to be able to meet the requirements of the mine rock-breaking with high accuracy by comparing the error between the original algorithm and the simplified algorithm. The mathematical rocks cutting model of cutting head were established, solved by computer using calculus. Rock volume cutting by one bit in the work process were quantitatively calculated, and bits distribution was designed to make rocks volume cutting by all bits equaled. On this premise, the author believes that every bit should make the rock volume cutting by all bits in a work period equal, and its work force minimal. The installation angle of bit determines its stress distribution when working, the SolidWorks/COSMOS software was used for analying and simulating bit's work force to adjust the installation angle to minimize the stress on bit. Dynamic working angles also affect the cutting rock volume, in which cutting angle and clearance angle have a greater impact. They have the same trend as linear relationship between them. The expression of cutting angle was derived in this paper, and the simulation curve was plotted by joint programming with Lab VIEW and Matlab.
Figure 60 Table 5 Reference 58
引文
[1]李晓豁.掘进机截割的关键技术研究[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007.10
[2]昌宣.新型截齿问世[J].徐煤科技,1994.2
[3]采编.我国强力截齿接近进口水平[J].煤矿机电,1999.3
[4]中国煤炭网.十一五期间我国大型煤矿采煤机械化程度,2006.4.1
[5]丛铁军.巷道掘进机[M].煤炭工业出版社,1982.5.
[6]Я.И.巴塞尔等.掘进机[M].煤炭工业出版社,1980.3.
[7]谢锡纯,李晓豁.矿山机械与设备[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2000.5.
[8]徐树.井巷掘进[M].煤炭工业出版社,1992.5
[9]汪昌龄,韩琦.我国掘进机发展分析[J].煤矿机械,1997.2
[10]方治淮,王吉安.掘进机掘进技术的发展现状[J].矿山机械,2003.11
[11]凯胜重工.http://www.hnmjc.com/product.asp
[12]太原煤科院.http://exhi.ccri.com.cn/Product/List.aspx?tp=C0000012&ts=C0000059
[13]佳木斯煤矿机械有限公司http://www.ls-roadheader.com/
[14]黄日恒.悬臂式掘进机[M]中国矿业大学出版社,1996.10：61-62
[15]H.Imai; S.Yamada.The Development of Roadheader and it's Future[J]. World Mining Equipment.1998, vol.114, no.10
[16]Jan Akerman. The road ahead[J].World Mining Equipment.1999, Vol.23, No.2
[17]汪盛陆等.悬臂式掘进机的发展状况及趋势[J].煤矿机械,2007.6：1-2
[18]邢印成等.掘进机的发展[J].煤炭技术,2005.5
[19]马跃.谈我国悬臂式掘进机的发展趋势[J].煤炭技术,2006.2：29-32
[20]H. Copur, L. Ozdemir, J. Rostami.Roadheader applications in mining and tunneling industries[J] Earth Mechanics Institute2007
[21]Wittchen, V. Clay. Road header excavation in consolidated rock fills at Kidd Creek Mines. CIM Bulletin[J].1990.5:41-45
[22]英国多斯科公司http://www.dosco.co.uk
[23]德国DBT. http://www.dbt.de
[24]南京晨光三井三池机械制造有限公司http://www.ccmia.org.cn/company
[25]胡铭,董鑫业.国外凿岩工程用截齿图例[J].凿岩气动机械,2008.3
[26]任葆锐.高性能硬岩截齿的研究[J].煤矿机械,1999.6.
[27]王新等.截齿研究发展概况[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008
[28]王跃新等.提高截齿寿命的措施[J].机械工程师,2005.4
[29]董文敏等.镐型截齿与刀型截齿优劣之比较[J].煤炭工程,2001.11：16-18
[30]李益桂,经怀明,王晓敏.新型截齿用钢BZ25Q的热处理工艺研究[J].工艺技术,2002.1.
[31]金云学,魏绪树,李俊刚.高性能铸造截齿合金刀头材料的研究[J].铸造设备研究,2004.6.
[32]杨丽颖等.提高截齿使用寿命的研究[J].山东理工大学学报,2003.7.
[33]Pat Willis.Frustum Bit Technology for Continuous Miner and Roadheader Applications [J]Mining Engineering.
[34]Robert J.FOWELL.Drag Tools Employed on Shearer Drums and Roadheaders[J] TKI.1999.2
[35]梁超.悬臂式纵轴掘进机截齿分布研究及仿真[D].安徽理工大学硕士论文,2007
[36]李晓豁.纵轴式掘进机截割头的结构设计[J].煤矿机电,1997.1：52-53
[37]李晓豁.纵轴式掘进机截割头结构参数的选择[J].煤矿机电,1997.3：21-22
[38]E.3.保晋,B.3.乜拉麦德,B.B.顿.王庆康,门迎春译.采煤机破煤理论[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1992.9：39-158
[39]高春花,范春梅.掘进机切割头截齿排列表示方法的探讨[J].煤矿机械,1998.3
[40]高春花,赵东劲.纵轴式掘进机截齿排列及制作方法的探讨[J].煤炭技术,1998.1
[41]杨丽,周哲波.掘进机截割头截齿分布的探讨[J].矿山机械,2008.12
[42]侯波,杨奇顺.悬臂式掘进机主要技术参数的选择[J].煤矿机械,2000.8：6-8
[43]李佐民等.掘进机截割头最佳截线间距的探讨[J].煤炭技术,2000.2：5-6
[44]张鑫,杨梅.掘进机截割头截齿排列研究[J].煤矿机电,2005.4：33-34
[45]李晓豁,姜健.基于产尘量最小的掘进机参数优化设计研究[J].煤炭学报,2003.8：437-439
[46]周哲波.工程微分几何(自编).2004.4
[47]朱旬等.纵轴式切割头运动分析[J].煤矿机械,1995.2
[48]李晓豁.掘进机纵向截割头的运动学分析及简化计算[J].黑龙江矿业学院学报,1998.9
[49]陶向阳.掘进工[M].中国矿业大学,2007.1
[50]侯祥明.横轴式掘进机截割头受力及整机振动分析[D].安徽理工大学硕士论文,2008
[51]张金波.采煤机螺旋滚筒瞬时切屑厚度的计算[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,1998.8387-390
[52]徐小粤.截割头截齿安装定位的设计方法[J].煤矿机电,2005.4
[53]郭迎福,诸世敏,张永忠.横轴式掘进机截割头截齿位置确定.矿山机械[J],2000.9：13-15
[54]刘国良,刘洛麒SolidWorks完全学习手册[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.8
[55]姚宝恒 等.镐形截齿破煤截割力的计算及影响因素分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2002.3
[56]宁仲良,朱华双.镐形截齿应力分布规律研究[J].西安科技学院学报,2003.9：325-327
[57]刘文安等.进给运动对铣削工作角度的影响[J].煤矿机械,2000.2：22-24
[58]白成志.图解法分析刀具工作角度变化规律[J].宝鸡文理学院学报,1997.12：67-70
[2]昌宣.新型截齿问世[J].徐煤科技,1994.2
[3]采编.我国强力截齿接近进口水平[J].煤矿机电,1999.3
[4]中国煤炭网.十一五期间我国大型煤矿采煤机械化程度,2006.4.1
[5]丛铁军.巷道掘进机[M].煤炭工业出版社,1982.5.
[6]Я.И.巴塞尔等.掘进机[M].煤炭工业出版社,1980.3.
[7]谢锡纯,李晓豁.矿山机械与设备[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2000.5.
[8]徐树.井巷掘进[M].煤炭工业出版社,1992.5
[9]汪昌龄,韩琦.我国掘进机发展分析[J].煤矿机械,1997.2
[10]方治淮,王吉安.掘进机掘进技术的发展现状[J].矿山机械,2003.11
[11]凯胜重工.http://www.hnmjc.com/product.asp
[12]太原煤科院.http://exhi.ccri.com.cn/Product/List.aspx?tp=C0000012&ts=C0000059
[13]佳木斯煤矿机械有限公司http://www.ls-roadheader.com/
[14]黄日恒.悬臂式掘进机[M]中国矿业大学出版社,1996.10：61-62
[15]H.Imai; S.Yamada.The Development of Roadheader and it's Future[J]. World Mining Equipment.1998, vol.114, no.10
[16]Jan Akerman. The road ahead[J].World Mining Equipment.1999, Vol.23, No.2
[17]汪盛陆等.悬臂式掘进机的发展状况及趋势[J].煤矿机械,2007.6：1-2
[18]邢印成等.掘进机的发展[J].煤炭技术,2005.5
[19]马跃.谈我国悬臂式掘进机的发展趋势[J].煤炭技术,2006.2：29-32
[20]H. Copur, L. Ozdemir, J. Rostami.Roadheader applications in mining and tunneling industries[J] Earth Mechanics Institute2007
[21]Wittchen, V. Clay. Road header excavation in consolidated rock fills at Kidd Creek Mines. CIM Bulletin[J].1990.5:41-45
[22]英国多斯科公司http://www.dosco.co.uk
[23]德国DBT. http://www.dbt.de
[24]南京晨光三井三池机械制造有限公司http://www.ccmia.org.cn/company
[25]胡铭,董鑫业.国外凿岩工程用截齿图例[J].凿岩气动机械,2008.3
[26]任葆锐.高性能硬岩截齿的研究[J].煤矿机械,1999.6.
[27]王新等.截齿研究发展概况[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008
[28]王跃新等.提高截齿寿命的措施[J].机械工程师,2005.4
[29]董文敏等.镐型截齿与刀型截齿优劣之比较[J].煤炭工程,2001.11：16-18
[30]李益桂,经怀明,王晓敏.新型截齿用钢BZ25Q的热处理工艺研究[J].工艺技术,2002.1.
[31]金云学,魏绪树,李俊刚.高性能铸造截齿合金刀头材料的研究[J].铸造设备研究,2004.6.
[32]杨丽颖等.提高截齿使用寿命的研究[J].山东理工大学学报,2003.7.
[33]Pat Willis.Frustum Bit Technology for Continuous Miner and Roadheader Applications [J]Mining Engineering.
[34]Robert J.FOWELL.Drag Tools Employed on Shearer Drums and Roadheaders[J] TKI.1999.2
[35]梁超.悬臂式纵轴掘进机截齿分布研究及仿真[D].安徽理工大学硕士论文,2007
[36]李晓豁.纵轴式掘进机截割头的结构设计[J].煤矿机电,1997.1：52-53
[37]李晓豁.纵轴式掘进机截割头结构参数的选择[J].煤矿机电,1997.3：21-22
[38]E.3.保晋,B.3.乜拉麦德,B.B.顿.王庆康,门迎春译.采煤机破煤理论[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1992.9：39-158
[39]高春花,范春梅.掘进机切割头截齿排列表示方法的探讨[J].煤矿机械,1998.3
[40]高春花,赵东劲.纵轴式掘进机截齿排列及制作方法的探讨[J].煤炭技术,1998.1
[41]杨丽,周哲波.掘进机截割头截齿分布的探讨[J].矿山机械,2008.12
[42]侯波,杨奇顺.悬臂式掘进机主要技术参数的选择[J].煤矿机械,2000.8：6-8
[43]李佐民等.掘进机截割头最佳截线间距的探讨[J].煤炭技术,2000.2：5-6
[44]张鑫,杨梅.掘进机截割头截齿排列研究[J].煤矿机电,2005.4：33-34
[45]李晓豁,姜健.基于产尘量最小的掘进机参数优化设计研究[J].煤炭学报,2003.8：437-439
[46]周哲波.工程微分几何(自编).2004.4
[47]朱旬等.纵轴式切割头运动分析[J].煤矿机械,1995.2
[48]李晓豁.掘进机纵向截割头的运动学分析及简化计算[J].黑龙江矿业学院学报,1998.9
[49]陶向阳.掘进工[M].中国矿业大学,2007.1
[50]侯祥明.横轴式掘进机截割头受力及整机振动分析[D].安徽理工大学硕士论文,2008
[51]张金波.采煤机螺旋滚筒瞬时切屑厚度的计算[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,1998.8387-390
[52]徐小粤.截割头截齿安装定位的设计方法[J].煤矿机电,2005.4
[53]郭迎福,诸世敏,张永忠.横轴式掘进机截割头截齿位置确定.矿山机械[J],2000.9：13-15
[54]刘国良,刘洛麒SolidWorks完全学习手册[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.8
[55]姚宝恒 等.镐形截齿破煤截割力的计算及影响因素分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2002.3
[56]宁仲良,朱华双.镐形截齿应力分布规律研究[J].西安科技学院学报,2003.9：325-327
[57]刘文安等.进给运动对铣削工作角度的影响[J].煤矿机械,2000.2：22-24
[58]白成志.图解法分析刀具工作角度变化规律[J].宝鸡文理学院学报,1997.12：67-70