封闭空间结构声辐射的有源噪声控制研究
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摘要
封闭空间声场内的有源降噪(ANC)是现代噪声控制领域的研究热点，其中对结构声辐射声场的有源控制的研究更具有实际应用价值。
本文首先针对刚性壁矩形封闭空间，采用三种控制策略，即声势能最小(PEM)、声压平方最小(SPM)和声能量密度最小(EDM)进行消声性能研究，并分析了不同误差传感器位置对消声性能的影响。通过对控制前后声场声压级消减量的可视化，对三种控制策略下的消声性能和静区分布进行了研究。
根据模态叠加原理，结合结构、声腔各自的格林函数，推导了结构—声耦合腔体的结构与声压模态响应的矩阵表达式，为进一步研究封闭声腔的结构—声耦合问题提供了必要的理论依据。给出了系统在PEM、SPM、EDM三种控制策略下的优化控制模型。从不同角度对单点力控制下耦合腔体的控制机理进行了研究。
对板—腔耦合系统分别进行全局控制和局部控制下的有源消声性能研究，在全局控制中，研究了单点力、单点声源和二者复合控制下系统的消声性能。在局部控制中，采用单点声源控制，研究分析了耦合腔体在PEM、SPM和EDM三种控制策略下的消声性能，并分析了不同误差传感器位置对消声性能的影响。通过对控制前后声场声压级消减量的可视化，对三种控制策略下的消声性能和静区分布进行了研究。还研究了双误差传感器共同作用下的消声效果。
结合有限元建模和声—固模态耦合理论，提出了一种复杂封闭空间有源消声系统建模的新方法。
最后，为了验证本文模态耦合理论的正确性和数值结果的可信性，设计了弹性板—腔耦合系统实验，进行了耦合系统频响特性测量，实验与仿真结果吻合良好，证明了本文理论与数值结果的正确性。同时设计了一个基于滤波—XLMS算法的自适应控制系统，进行了有源消声的实验研究。实验结果表明本文设计的控制系统是有效的。
The active noise control (ANC) of enclosed sound field has long been an attractive task in the field of modern noise control, especially the active control of structure-borne noise has practical value.
Firstly, the thesis is concerned with the effectiveness of active noise control inside a rectangular enclosure with six rigid walls under the potential energy minimization (PEM), squared pressure minimization (SPM) and energy density minimization (EDM) control algorithms. The location of error sensors is also studied. The thesis extends the study of active noise control with visualization of sound fields.
According to modal superposition theory, the modal responses of structure and sound pressure for a structural-acoustic coupled system are established by combining their own Green function. These two formulas are the essential basis for the analysis of structural-acoustic coupling of enclosure. Optimized control models under PEM SPM EDM control algorithms are obtained. The control mechanism of a panel-cavity system using a point force is analyzed by another method.
Both global and local effects of active noise control inside a plate-cavity system are analyzed. For global control, the performances of active noise control using a point force, a point acoustic and combined control source are studied. For local control, using a point acoustic source, the performances of active noise control under three control algorithms, namely PEM, SPM and EDM are compared. Also, the location of error sensors is studied. The thesis extends the study of active noise control with visualization of sound fields. The effectiveness of active noise control using dual error sensors is analyzed.
Combining finite element method and modal coupling theory, a new modeling method is developed for active minimization of noise within a three-dimensional irregular enclosure.
At last, in order to demonstrate the validity of the modal coupling and
本文首先针对刚性壁矩形封闭空间，采用三种控制策略，即声势能最小(PEM)、声压平方最小(SPM)和声能量密度最小(EDM)进行消声性能研究，并分析了不同误差传感器位置对消声性能的影响。通过对控制前后声场声压级消减量的可视化，对三种控制策略下的消声性能和静区分布进行了研究。
根据模态叠加原理，结合结构、声腔各自的格林函数，推导了结构—声耦合腔体的结构与声压模态响应的矩阵表达式，为进一步研究封闭声腔的结构—声耦合问题提供了必要的理论依据。给出了系统在PEM、SPM、EDM三种控制策略下的优化控制模型。从不同角度对单点力控制下耦合腔体的控制机理进行了研究。
对板—腔耦合系统分别进行全局控制和局部控制下的有源消声性能研究，在全局控制中，研究了单点力、单点声源和二者复合控制下系统的消声性能。在局部控制中，采用单点声源控制，研究分析了耦合腔体在PEM、SPM和EDM三种控制策略下的消声性能，并分析了不同误差传感器位置对消声性能的影响。通过对控制前后声场声压级消减量的可视化，对三种控制策略下的消声性能和静区分布进行了研究。还研究了双误差传感器共同作用下的消声效果。
结合有限元建模和声—固模态耦合理论，提出了一种复杂封闭空间有源消声系统建模的新方法。
最后，为了验证本文模态耦合理论的正确性和数值结果的可信性，设计了弹性板—腔耦合系统实验，进行了耦合系统频响特性测量，实验与仿真结果吻合良好，证明了本文理论与数值结果的正确性。同时设计了一个基于滤波—XLMS算法的自适应控制系统，进行了有源消声的实验研究。实验结果表明本文设计的控制系统是有效的。
The active noise control (ANC) of enclosed sound field has long been an attractive task in the field of modern noise control, especially the active control of structure-borne noise has practical value.
Firstly, the thesis is concerned with the effectiveness of active noise control inside a rectangular enclosure with six rigid walls under the potential energy minimization (PEM), squared pressure minimization (SPM) and energy density minimization (EDM) control algorithms. The location of error sensors is also studied. The thesis extends the study of active noise control with visualization of sound fields.
According to modal superposition theory, the modal responses of structure and sound pressure for a structural-acoustic coupled system are established by combining their own Green function. These two formulas are the essential basis for the analysis of structural-acoustic coupling of enclosure. Optimized control models under PEM SPM EDM control algorithms are obtained. The control mechanism of a panel-cavity system using a point force is analyzed by another method.
Both global and local effects of active noise control inside a plate-cavity system are analyzed. For global control, the performances of active noise control using a point force, a point acoustic and combined control source are studied. For local control, using a point acoustic source, the performances of active noise control under three control algorithms, namely PEM, SPM and EDM are compared. Also, the location of error sensors is studied. The thesis extends the study of active noise control with visualization of sound fields. The effectiveness of active noise control using dual error sensors is analyzed.
Combining finite element method and modal coupling theory, a new modeling method is developed for active minimization of noise within a three-dimensional irregular enclosure.
At last, in order to demonstrate the validity of the modal coupling and
引文
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[2] H. F. Olson, May EG. Electronic sound absorber. J. A. S. A., 953, 5 (6) :1130-1136P
[3] W. B. Conover. Fighting noise with noise.Noise control, 1956: 78-82P
[4] C. F. A. Ross. Demonstration of Active Control of Broadband Sound. J.S.V., 1981,74(3)-.411-417P
[5] G. E. Warnaka, J. Tichy, J.M. Zalas. Active Control of Noise in Interior Spaces. Proc. Inter-Noise, 1983:415-418P
[6] J.V.Warner, R. J. Bernhard. Digital Control of Sound Fiekds in Three Dimensional Enclosures. AIAA-87-2706,1987.10
[7] J.V.Warner, et al. Digital Filter Implementation of Local Active Control in a Three Dimensional Enclosure. Presented at the Winter Annual Meeting, 1988: 11-12P
[8] P. A. Nelson, A. R. D. Curtis, S. J. Elliott, et al. The Active Minimi- zation of Harmonic Enclosed Sound Field, Part I : Theory. J. A. S. A. ,1987,117(1): 1-13P
[9] A. J. Bullmore , P. A. Nelson, A. R. D. Curtis , et al.The Active Minimization of Harmonic Enclosed Sound Field, Part II :A Computer Simulation. J. S. V., 1987, 117(1):15-33P
[10] S.J.Elliott, A. R.D.Curtis, A. J. Bullmore, et al.The Active Minimization of Harmonic Enclosed Sound Field, Part III: Experimental Verification. J. S. V., 1987,117(1):35-38P
[11] A. J. Bullmore, P.A.Nelson, S. J. Elliott. Theoretical Studies of the Active Control of Propeller-Induced Cabin Noise. J. S. V. , 1990,140(2):191-217P
[12] S.J.Elliott, P. A. Nelson, I. M. Stothers, et al. In-Flight Experiment on the Active Control of Propeller-Induced Cabin Noise.
J.S.V., 1990, 140(2): 219-238P
[13] C. M.Dorling,G.P.Eatwell, S.M.Hutchins, et al. A Demonstration of Active Control Reduction in an Aircraft Cabin. J. S. V., 1989, 128(2): 358-360P
[14] M. Salikuddin, K. K. Ahuja. Application of Localized Active Control to Reduce Propeller Noise Transmitted through Fuselage Surface. J. S. V., 1989, 133 (3) : 467-481P
[15] T. J. Sutton, S.J.Elliott, A. M. Mcdonald. Active Control of Road Noise inside Vehicle. Noise Control Eng. J., 1994, 42 (4) : 137-147
[16] C. R. Fuller and J. D. Jones. J. S. V., 112(1987)389
[17] J. Pan, C. H. Hansen and D. A. Bies. Active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity: I Analytical study. J.A.S. A. ,87(1990)2098
[18] J.Pan, C.H. Hansen. Active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity: II Experimental study. J. A. S. A., 90 (1991)1488
[19] J.Pan, C.H. Hansen. Active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity:III Effect of the actuator location. J.A.S. A. ,90(1991)1493
[20] X. J. Qiu, J. Z. Sha and J. Yang. Mechanisms of active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity using a point force actuator on the panel. J. S. V., Vol.215 (1995)81-103P
[21] S. Koshigoe, J. T. Gillis and E. T. Falangas. J. A. S. A., 94 (1993) 900
[22] S.M.Kim and M. J. Brennan. Active control of harmonic sound transmission into an acoustic enclosure using both structural and acoustic actuators. J. A. S. A., 107(2000)1488.
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