基于THUNDER的结构声辐射有源控制
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摘要
论文中结合有限元法分析了复杂封闭空间的声模态和双层板结构的模态,建立了有源结构噪声控制模型,从理论上详细的推导了结构声辐射的声腔模态理论和结构模态理论,利用有限元法获得模态数值解来分析声固耦合关系。
采用一种新型薄壁单晶体压电致动及传感装置(THUNDER)作为次级力源来控制结构的振动。THUNDER具有卓越的输出位移特性和其固有的柔性,其主动及被动控制特性优于同类的其它压电产品,用它来进行有源结构噪声控制是一个比较理想的选择。论文中对THUNDER的位置进行优化并且合理选择THUNDER的个数。为进一步研究THUNDER致动器及发展有效的控制算法提供了理论基础。通过计算机仿真计算,讨论了以全局时空平均声势能为控制目标函数时声腔声场的变化情况。并分析了空腔中声压的变化与激励频率的关系。
搭建了一个双层弹性板中间布置THUNDER驱动器的实验模型,进行了双层弹性板的振动有源自适应滤波LMS控制实验,获得了较好的试验结果;此试验的目的是要验证采用THUNDER驱动器以ANSC方式进行双层壁车厢内噪声模型跟踪匹配控制的可行性。
项目研究以车厢内噪声控制为背景,技术使用范围可以推广到所有封闭空间有源噪声控制相关方面。
This paper analyzes noise modal of complicated enclosure and structural modal of double panel with FEM, and builds an active structural noise control model. The paper achieves the natural frequencies and modal response and analyzes couple coefficient by the numerical value of acoustic pressure modal and panel modal.
The active structural noise within an irregular enclosure is studied. A new analytical modeling method is developed for the reduction of structural vibration using the thin layer composite piezoelectric driver and sensor (THUNDER) piezoelectric actuators. THUNDER possesses many advantages over other conventional piezoelectric actuators. Particularly, its capacity for generating high displacement and its inherent flexibility make it will be an ideal candidate in applications for active structural noise control. In this paper, the position and the number of THUNDER actuators is chosen. The natural frequencies and acoustic modals can be drawn by FEM methods. The control object function is total time averaged acoustical potential energy. The method in this thesis will lay the theoretical foundation of THUNDER actuators.
An active structural vibration control test model composed of two flexible plates with THUNDER activator between them is set up, and modal test is done on the model, obtaining its natural frequencies and modal shape. Based on adaptive filtering LMS forward controller。The Thunder’s control on the vibration of the structure is quite effective. This founds theoretical basis for the study of controlling acoustic level in a closed cavity through thunder-based control on the vibration of the structure.
The research about active control of structure noise radiation has much prospect in such as automobile, airplane, submarine cabin, etc.
采用一种新型薄壁单晶体压电致动及传感装置(THUNDER)作为次级力源来控制结构的振动。THUNDER具有卓越的输出位移特性和其固有的柔性,其主动及被动控制特性优于同类的其它压电产品,用它来进行有源结构噪声控制是一个比较理想的选择。论文中对THUNDER的位置进行优化并且合理选择THUNDER的个数。为进一步研究THUNDER致动器及发展有效的控制算法提供了理论基础。通过计算机仿真计算,讨论了以全局时空平均声势能为控制目标函数时声腔声场的变化情况。并分析了空腔中声压的变化与激励频率的关系。
搭建了一个双层弹性板中间布置THUNDER驱动器的实验模型,进行了双层弹性板的振动有源自适应滤波LMS控制实验,获得了较好的试验结果;此试验的目的是要验证采用THUNDER驱动器以ANSC方式进行双层壁车厢内噪声模型跟踪匹配控制的可行性。
项目研究以车厢内噪声控制为背景,技术使用范围可以推广到所有封闭空间有源噪声控制相关方面。
This paper analyzes noise modal of complicated enclosure and structural modal of double panel with FEM, and builds an active structural noise control model. The paper achieves the natural frequencies and modal response and analyzes couple coefficient by the numerical value of acoustic pressure modal and panel modal.
The active structural noise within an irregular enclosure is studied. A new analytical modeling method is developed for the reduction of structural vibration using the thin layer composite piezoelectric driver and sensor (THUNDER) piezoelectric actuators. THUNDER possesses many advantages over other conventional piezoelectric actuators. Particularly, its capacity for generating high displacement and its inherent flexibility make it will be an ideal candidate in applications for active structural noise control. In this paper, the position and the number of THUNDER actuators is chosen. The natural frequencies and acoustic modals can be drawn by FEM methods. The control object function is total time averaged acoustical potential energy. The method in this thesis will lay the theoretical foundation of THUNDER actuators.
An active structural vibration control test model composed of two flexible plates with THUNDER activator between them is set up, and modal test is done on the model, obtaining its natural frequencies and modal shape. Based on adaptive filtering LMS forward controller。The Thunder’s control on the vibration of the structure is quite effective. This founds theoretical basis for the study of controlling acoustic level in a closed cavity through thunder-based control on the vibration of the structure.
The research about active control of structure noise radiation has much prospect in such as automobile, airplane, submarine cabin, etc.
引文
1 陈克安. 有源噪声控制[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社,2003. 1-13
2 马大猷著. 噪声控制学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1997. 1-8
3 P. A. Nelson and S. J. Elliott. Active Control of Sound. London: Academic Press, 1992
4 Mingsian R. Bai and Hsiuhong Chen. Active Cancellation of Noise in a Car Cabin Using the Zero Spillover Controller[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2002, 235(5), 787-800
5 Michael Strassberger, Heinz Waller. Active Noise Reduction by Structural Control Using Piezo- electric Actuators[J]. Mechatronics 10, 2000, 851-868
6 常振臣. 车内噪声控制技术研究现状及展望 [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2002, 32(4):86-90
7 Xuan Kong and Sen M. Kuo. Study of Causality Constraint on Feedforward Active Noise Control Systems. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. -II, Feb. 1999, vol. 46: 1057-7130
8 孙加平. 车辆内部的噪声控制[J]. 铁道车辆, 2003, 41(2): 22-26
9 毛剑琴 卜庆忠等. 结构震动控制的新进展[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2001, vol.18(5): 647-652
10 陈可安 马远良等. 弹性结构封闭空间有源消声[J]. 声学学报, 1994, vol.19(6): 434-534
11 朱海潮,施引 有源噪声控制的新进展(Ⅰ)[J].海军工程学院学报,1995(73):74～80
12 朱海潮,施引 有源噪声控制的新进展(Ⅱ)[J].海军工程学院学报,1996(74):8～13
13 李径定,方卓毅,张立军,等 车厢内腔噪声自适应有源控制[J].汽车技术,2000(5):9～12
14 毛剑琴,卜庆忠,张杰,等 结构振动控制的新进展[J].振动控制理论及应用,2001,18(5):647～652
15 李华英,李贵荣 振动控制的发展及趋势[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(1):77～80.。
16 陈克安著.有源噪声控制。北京:国防工业出版社 2003
17 李海英,陈捷,陈克安等。一种封闭空间自适应有元噪声控制系统优化方法。振动工程学报。2001.14(2):150-154
18 张建润,孙庆鸿等。有源结构声辐射控制分布次级力源模型。东南大学学报,1997,27(2):21-26
19 孙朝晖,王冲。结构振动主动控制理论及实验研究。振动工程学报。1994,7(2):154-159
20 孙朝晖,王冲。自适应结构振动主动控制的最佳效果实现。振动工程学报 1996,9(1):16-23
21 吴九汇. 车辆内腔声固耦合分析的覆盖域方法研究: [博士学位论文]. 西安交通大学: 2001
22 宋学伟. 车内噪声智能控制的有限元模拟: [博士学位论文]. 吉林大学: 2002
23 李丹. 船舶舱室噪声预示的统计能量分析研究: [博士学位论文]. 大连理工大学: 2003
24 高剑. 声场与结构耦合系统的模态分析与灵敏度计算: [博士学位论文]. 大连理工大学: 2002
25 陈立新,齿轮传动系统振动特性及噪声预估: [博士学位论文]. 清华大学: 1990
26 冯振东,宋传学:车内噪声主动控制初探,汽车工程,13(4),202-206,1991
27 许国贤等:发动机试验室噪声自适应有源控制研究,内燃机 95 年会。
28 K. M. Mossi, R. P. Bishop. Characterization of Different Types of High Performance THUNDERTM Actuators. SPIE Conferrence on Smart Materials Technologies. 1999, vol. 3675: 43-53
29 Christopher J. Taylor and Gregory N. Washington. A Comprehensive Piezoceramic Actuator Review[J]. Smart Structures and Materials, 2002, vol.4701: 443-455
30 K. Joon Yoon, Seokjun Shin etc. Development of Lightweight THUNDERTM with Fiber Composite Layers[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2000, vol.3992: 57-65
31 Robert Wieman, Ralph C. Smith etc. Displacement Models for Thunder Actuators Having General Loads and Boundary Conditions[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2001, vol.4326: 252-263
32 Christopher J. Taylor, Gregory N. Washington. A Comprehensive Piezoceramic Actuator Review.Smart Structures and Materials. 2002, Vol.4701
33 Brian L. Ball, Ralph C. Smith, Zoubeida Ounaies. A Dynamic Hysteresis Model for THUNDER Transducers. Smart Structures and Materials. 2003, Vol.5049: 100-112
34 Robert Wieman, Ralph C. Smith etc. Displacement Models for Thunder Actuators Having General Loads and Boundary Conditions[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2001, vol.4326: 252-263
35 S. A. Wise. Displacement Properties of RAINBOW and THUNDER Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. Sensors and Actuators. 1998,69:33-38
36 J. P. Marouze. L Cheng. A Feasibility study of active vibration isolation using THUNDER actuators[J]. Smart Mater. Struct, 2002,vol.11:854-862
37 C. Shakeri. C. M. Bordonaro etc. Experimental Study of THUNDER: A New Generation of Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. SPIE Conference on Smart Materials Technologies. 1999, vol.3675: 63-72
38 K. M. Mossi, R. P. Bishop etc. Evaluation Criteria for THUNDERTM Actuators[J]. SPIE Conference on mathematics and Control in Smart Structures. 1999, vol.3667: 738-743
39 A. Lawver. Thunder: A new frontier in research for smart materials[J].Smart Materials Bulletin. 2001,8: 5～9
40 陈克安, 马远良. 自适应有源噪声控制——原理、算法及实现[M]. 西安: 西北工业大学出版社, 1993. 89 – 108.
41 Dowell E H, Gorman III G F, Smith D A. Acoustoelasticity: general theory, acoustic national modes and forced response to sinusoidal excitation, including comparisons with experiment [J]. J Sound and Vib,1977, 54(1): 519 - 542.
42 Hagiwara I, Wang D W, Shi Q Z, Rao R S. Reduction of Noise Inside a Cavity by Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. J Vibration and Acoustic, 2003, 125: 13-17.
43 倪振华. 振动力学. 西安交通大学出版社, 1989
44 李德葆. 振动模态分析及其应用. 宇航出版社,1993
45 王剑峰. 自适应有源噪声前馈控制技术的实验要求: [硕士学位论文]. 东南大学: 2001
46 耿厚才, 饶柱石, 韩祖舜, 张华良. 复杂封闭空间结构声辐射的有源消声机制[J]. 声学学报, 2001, 26(5): 440-444.
47 饶柱石, 罗 超, 耿厚才, 韩祖舜. 复杂封闭空间有源消声系统的建模新方法[J]. 振动工程学报, 2003, 16(4): 415-419.
48 王文兴. 大客车车内噪声源识别及噪声控制:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆交通学院: 2001
49 白胜勇. 轿车车内噪声动态分析及其优化设计研究: [博士学位论文]. 同济大学: 2000
50 文功启. 高速船结构噪声传播及其阻尼被动控制的研究: [博士学位论文]. 武汉理工大学: 2002
51 谢建良, 陈 南, 钟秉林, 孙庆鸿. 封闭空间中结构声辐射的有源力控制研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 1999, 12 (1) : 15-20.
52 刘福强,张令弥.作动器/传感器优化配置的研究进展[J].力学进展,2000.Vol.30:506-516
53 吴锦武.ASAC 系统中两维声辐射横态传感器设计的研究:[硕士学位论文].江苏大学 2003
54 P. Gardonio, S.J. Elliott. Active Control of Structural Vibration Transmission Between Two Plates Connected by a Set of Active Mounts. active 99. 117-129
55 顾仲权, 马扣根, 陈卫东. 振动主动控制. 国防工业出版社, 1997
56 赵 扬, 王彬星. 结构声主动控制系统[J]. 测控技术, 2004. Vol.23: 23-27
2 马大猷著. 噪声控制学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1997. 1-8
3 P. A. Nelson and S. J. Elliott. Active Control of Sound. London: Academic Press, 1992
4 Mingsian R. Bai and Hsiuhong Chen. Active Cancellation of Noise in a Car Cabin Using the Zero Spillover Controller[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2002, 235(5), 787-800
5 Michael Strassberger, Heinz Waller. Active Noise Reduction by Structural Control Using Piezo- electric Actuators[J]. Mechatronics 10, 2000, 851-868
6 常振臣. 车内噪声控制技术研究现状及展望 [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2002, 32(4):86-90
7 Xuan Kong and Sen M. Kuo. Study of Causality Constraint on Feedforward Active Noise Control Systems. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. -II, Feb. 1999, vol. 46: 1057-7130
8 孙加平. 车辆内部的噪声控制[J]. 铁道车辆, 2003, 41(2): 22-26
9 毛剑琴 卜庆忠等. 结构震动控制的新进展[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2001, vol.18(5): 647-652
10 陈可安 马远良等. 弹性结构封闭空间有源消声[J]. 声学学报, 1994, vol.19(6): 434-534
11 朱海潮,施引 有源噪声控制的新进展(Ⅰ)[J].海军工程学院学报,1995(73):74～80
12 朱海潮,施引 有源噪声控制的新进展(Ⅱ)[J].海军工程学院学报,1996(74):8～13
13 李径定,方卓毅,张立军,等 车厢内腔噪声自适应有源控制[J].汽车技术,2000(5):9～12
14 毛剑琴,卜庆忠,张杰,等 结构振动控制的新进展[J].振动控制理论及应用,2001,18(5):647～652
15 李华英,李贵荣 振动控制的发展及趋势[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(1):77～80.。
16 陈克安著.有源噪声控制。北京:国防工业出版社 2003
17 李海英,陈捷,陈克安等。一种封闭空间自适应有元噪声控制系统优化方法。振动工程学报。2001.14(2):150-154
18 张建润,孙庆鸿等。有源结构声辐射控制分布次级力源模型。东南大学学报,1997,27(2):21-26
19 孙朝晖,王冲。结构振动主动控制理论及实验研究。振动工程学报。1994,7(2):154-159
20 孙朝晖,王冲。自适应结构振动主动控制的最佳效果实现。振动工程学报 1996,9(1):16-23
21 吴九汇. 车辆内腔声固耦合分析的覆盖域方法研究: [博士学位论文]. 西安交通大学: 2001
22 宋学伟. 车内噪声智能控制的有限元模拟: [博士学位论文]. 吉林大学: 2002
23 李丹. 船舶舱室噪声预示的统计能量分析研究: [博士学位论文]. 大连理工大学: 2003
24 高剑. 声场与结构耦合系统的模态分析与灵敏度计算: [博士学位论文]. 大连理工大学: 2002
25 陈立新,齿轮传动系统振动特性及噪声预估: [博士学位论文]. 清华大学: 1990
26 冯振东,宋传学:车内噪声主动控制初探,汽车工程,13(4),202-206,1991
27 许国贤等:发动机试验室噪声自适应有源控制研究,内燃机 95 年会。
28 K. M. Mossi, R. P. Bishop. Characterization of Different Types of High Performance THUNDERTM Actuators. SPIE Conferrence on Smart Materials Technologies. 1999, vol. 3675: 43-53
29 Christopher J. Taylor and Gregory N. Washington. A Comprehensive Piezoceramic Actuator Review[J]. Smart Structures and Materials, 2002, vol.4701: 443-455
30 K. Joon Yoon, Seokjun Shin etc. Development of Lightweight THUNDERTM with Fiber Composite Layers[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2000, vol.3992: 57-65
31 Robert Wieman, Ralph C. Smith etc. Displacement Models for Thunder Actuators Having General Loads and Boundary Conditions[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2001, vol.4326: 252-263
32 Christopher J. Taylor, Gregory N. Washington. A Comprehensive Piezoceramic Actuator Review.Smart Structures and Materials. 2002, Vol.4701
33 Brian L. Ball, Ralph C. Smith, Zoubeida Ounaies. A Dynamic Hysteresis Model for THUNDER Transducers. Smart Structures and Materials. 2003, Vol.5049: 100-112
34 Robert Wieman, Ralph C. Smith etc. Displacement Models for Thunder Actuators Having General Loads and Boundary Conditions[J]. Smart Structures and Materials. 2001, vol.4326: 252-263
35 S. A. Wise. Displacement Properties of RAINBOW and THUNDER Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. Sensors and Actuators. 1998,69:33-38
36 J. P. Marouze. L Cheng. A Feasibility study of active vibration isolation using THUNDER actuators[J]. Smart Mater. Struct, 2002,vol.11:854-862
37 C. Shakeri. C. M. Bordonaro etc. Experimental Study of THUNDER: A New Generation of Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. SPIE Conference on Smart Materials Technologies. 1999, vol.3675: 63-72
38 K. M. Mossi, R. P. Bishop etc. Evaluation Criteria for THUNDERTM Actuators[J]. SPIE Conference on mathematics and Control in Smart Structures. 1999, vol.3667: 738-743
39 A. Lawver. Thunder: A new frontier in research for smart materials[J].Smart Materials Bulletin. 2001,8: 5～9
40 陈克安, 马远良. 自适应有源噪声控制——原理、算法及实现[M]. 西安: 西北工业大学出版社, 1993. 89 – 108.
41 Dowell E H, Gorman III G F, Smith D A. Acoustoelasticity: general theory, acoustic national modes and forced response to sinusoidal excitation, including comparisons with experiment [J]. J Sound and Vib,1977, 54(1): 519 - 542.
42 Hagiwara I, Wang D W, Shi Q Z, Rao R S. Reduction of Noise Inside a Cavity by Piezoelectric Actuators[J]. J Vibration and Acoustic, 2003, 125: 13-17.
43 倪振华. 振动力学. 西安交通大学出版社, 1989
44 李德葆. 振动模态分析及其应用. 宇航出版社,1993
45 王剑峰. 自适应有源噪声前馈控制技术的实验要求: [硕士学位论文]. 东南大学: 2001
46 耿厚才, 饶柱石, 韩祖舜, 张华良. 复杂封闭空间结构声辐射的有源消声机制[J]. 声学学报, 2001, 26(5): 440-444.
47 饶柱石, 罗 超, 耿厚才, 韩祖舜. 复杂封闭空间有源消声系统的建模新方法[J]. 振动工程学报, 2003, 16(4): 415-419.
48 王文兴. 大客车车内噪声源识别及噪声控制:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆交通学院: 2001
49 白胜勇. 轿车车内噪声动态分析及其优化设计研究: [博士学位论文]. 同济大学: 2000
50 文功启. 高速船结构噪声传播及其阻尼被动控制的研究: [博士学位论文]. 武汉理工大学: 2002
51 谢建良, 陈 南, 钟秉林, 孙庆鸿. 封闭空间中结构声辐射的有源力控制研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 1999, 12 (1) : 15-20.
52 刘福强,张令弥.作动器/传感器优化配置的研究进展[J].力学进展,2000.Vol.30:506-516
53 吴锦武.ASAC 系统中两维声辐射横态传感器设计的研究:[硕士学位论文].江苏大学 2003
54 P. Gardonio, S.J. Elliott. Active Control of Structural Vibration Transmission Between Two Plates Connected by a Set of Active Mounts. active 99. 117-129
55 顾仲权, 马扣根, 陈卫东. 振动主动控制. 国防工业出版社, 1997
56 赵 扬, 王彬星. 结构声主动控制系统[J]. 测控技术, 2004. Vol.23: 23-27