分布式电源自律控制策略与微电网能量协调管理系统研究
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摘要
近年来,由分布式电源组成的微网以其高可靠性、可持续性,成为众多学者研究的热点,然而他们研究的侧重点仍在于传统的集中式控制策略,此种策略对解决分布式微源的高渗透率、发电自主性、经济性的问题以及微电网内微源协调问题还存在一定的不足。
因此本论文以建立合理可靠的微电网模型及能量管理机制为目标,围绕分布式微源的高渗透率、经济性及整个微网微源可协调性问题展开研究。其核心是采用微网分层的控制结构,其中包括微网下层的模糊决策算法及微源功率环与电流环的双闭环控制和上层的能量优化算法协调控制。
首先,介绍研究微电网的发展和基本结构；然后列出所本文使用的微电源种类,包括同步发电机、永磁直驱风力发电机、双馈异步发电机、光伏电池等；最后重点介绍微电网的分层控制策略以及微源变流器的PQ、V／f两种控制策略。
其次,针对分布式电源的高渗透率以及微源的经济性问题,建立一种基于储能电池SOC、实时电价、DG最大功率的模糊控制策略,使用功率环电流环双闭环对储能设备冲放电过程进行了优化；然后分别建立了(2+2)kW的光伏及储能系统的模型,(5+2.5)kW的永磁直驱及储能系统的模型,让其具备跟踪模糊控制策略参考功率的功能,最终验证策略的有效性。
再次,在模糊自律控制策略的基础上,根据分布式微源经济运行与治污费用、Agent自主模糊决策功率作为算法目标函数,提出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的微电网能量协调控制策略,确定各分布式发电微源的最优功率分配。
最后,以Visual Studio2005软件为开发平台,在已开发的微电网监控软件的基础上,编写了改进粒子群能量优化算法程序并对第四章的算例进行了分析。
本论文中针对考虑分布式电源的高渗透率和经济性问题的控制策略以及建立的微电网能量管理系统设计方案对优化微电网运行管理机制、提高微电网的综合效益有一定的工程应用价值。
Recently, micro-grid, made up of distributed power, is becoming the research focus of many scholars by its high reliability and sustainability. The focus of their research is still in the traditional centralized control strategy, however, such a strategy still has some deficiencies in solving the high penetration, power generation autonomy and economic issues of distributed micro-source, as well as micro-grid coordination problems.
Therefore, this paper focused on establishing a reasonable and reliable micro-grid model and energy management mechanism, and conducted a study around the high penetration of distributed power and the coordination of micro-grid. Using the hierarchical control structure of micro-grid is its core, including the layer energy optimization algorithm coordinated control of micro-grid, and the lower fuzzy decision-making algorithm as well as the micro-source power ring and current loop of double-loop control.
Firstly, this paper introduces the basic structure and the development of the micro grid. Then list the category of the micro power sources used in this paper, including synchronous generator, permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, the doubly-fed induction generator, photovoltaic cells, etc.; Finally, the micro grid hierarchical control strategy and the two PQ, V/f control strategy of the converter have been studied.
Besides, aiming at the high penetration of distributed power supply and the economic efficiency of the micro grid, the fuzzy self-discipline control strategy based on SOC, real-time electricity price, DG maximum power has been established, it optimizes the process of the charge and discharge of the energy storage device. Then respectively build the (2+2)kW PV and energy storage system simulation,(5+2.5)kW of the permanent magnet direct drive and energy storage system simulation, in order to verify the effectiveness of the strategy.
Third, on the basis of fuzzy self-control strategy, according to the distributed micro-source economic operation and pollution control costs, Agent decision-making autonomy and the dynamic response characteristics of the different micro-power, the objective function of the algorithm was built. Coordinated control strategy based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm of the micro-grid energy was put forward to realize the overall optimal micro-grid, and the optimal power allocation for distributed generation micro-source was determined.
Finally, the software development was based on Visual Studio2005platform. As the micro-grid energy management software had been developed, the working procedure of correlative energy optimization algorithm was compiled, and the examples of fourth chapter were analyzed.
This thesis got the conclusions of studying the high penetration of distributed power in the micro-power model, and established the energy management system of micro-grid. These will bring some engineering application value for optimizing mechanism of the micro-grid operation and management and improving the overall efficiency of the micro-grid.
因此本论文以建立合理可靠的微电网模型及能量管理机制为目标,围绕分布式微源的高渗透率、经济性及整个微网微源可协调性问题展开研究。其核心是采用微网分层的控制结构,其中包括微网下层的模糊决策算法及微源功率环与电流环的双闭环控制和上层的能量优化算法协调控制。
首先,介绍研究微电网的发展和基本结构；然后列出所本文使用的微电源种类,包括同步发电机、永磁直驱风力发电机、双馈异步发电机、光伏电池等；最后重点介绍微电网的分层控制策略以及微源变流器的PQ、V／f两种控制策略。
其次,针对分布式电源的高渗透率以及微源的经济性问题,建立一种基于储能电池SOC、实时电价、DG最大功率的模糊控制策略,使用功率环电流环双闭环对储能设备冲放电过程进行了优化；然后分别建立了(2+2)kW的光伏及储能系统的模型,(5+2.5)kW的永磁直驱及储能系统的模型,让其具备跟踪模糊控制策略参考功率的功能,最终验证策略的有效性。
再次,在模糊自律控制策略的基础上,根据分布式微源经济运行与治污费用、Agent自主模糊决策功率作为算法目标函数,提出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的微电网能量协调控制策略,确定各分布式发电微源的最优功率分配。
最后,以Visual Studio2005软件为开发平台,在已开发的微电网监控软件的基础上,编写了改进粒子群能量优化算法程序并对第四章的算例进行了分析。
本论文中针对考虑分布式电源的高渗透率和经济性问题的控制策略以及建立的微电网能量管理系统设计方案对优化微电网运行管理机制、提高微电网的综合效益有一定的工程应用价值。
Recently, micro-grid, made up of distributed power, is becoming the research focus of many scholars by its high reliability and sustainability. The focus of their research is still in the traditional centralized control strategy, however, such a strategy still has some deficiencies in solving the high penetration, power generation autonomy and economic issues of distributed micro-source, as well as micro-grid coordination problems.
Therefore, this paper focused on establishing a reasonable and reliable micro-grid model and energy management mechanism, and conducted a study around the high penetration of distributed power and the coordination of micro-grid. Using the hierarchical control structure of micro-grid is its core, including the layer energy optimization algorithm coordinated control of micro-grid, and the lower fuzzy decision-making algorithm as well as the micro-source power ring and current loop of double-loop control.
Firstly, this paper introduces the basic structure and the development of the micro grid. Then list the category of the micro power sources used in this paper, including synchronous generator, permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, the doubly-fed induction generator, photovoltaic cells, etc.; Finally, the micro grid hierarchical control strategy and the two PQ, V/f control strategy of the converter have been studied.
Besides, aiming at the high penetration of distributed power supply and the economic efficiency of the micro grid, the fuzzy self-discipline control strategy based on SOC, real-time electricity price, DG maximum power has been established, it optimizes the process of the charge and discharge of the energy storage device. Then respectively build the (2+2)kW PV and energy storage system simulation,(5+2.5)kW of the permanent magnet direct drive and energy storage system simulation, in order to verify the effectiveness of the strategy.
Third, on the basis of fuzzy self-control strategy, according to the distributed micro-source economic operation and pollution control costs, Agent decision-making autonomy and the dynamic response characteristics of the different micro-power, the objective function of the algorithm was built. Coordinated control strategy based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm of the micro-grid energy was put forward to realize the overall optimal micro-grid, and the optimal power allocation for distributed generation micro-source was determined.
Finally, the software development was based on Visual Studio2005platform. As the micro-grid energy management software had been developed, the working procedure of correlative energy optimization algorithm was compiled, and the examples of fourth chapter were analyzed.
This thesis got the conclusions of studying the high penetration of distributed power in the micro-power model, and established the energy management system of micro-grid. These will bring some engineering application value for optimizing mechanism of the micro-grid operation and management and improving the overall efficiency of the micro-grid.
引文
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