基于功能向量编码方法的机构方案概念设计研究
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摘要
概念设计是产品设计前期的关键，是决定产品市场竞争力的重要因素之一。随着全球化的进展，概念设计日益受到人们的重视。而随着计算机技术的发展，计算机辅助概念设计也日益成为研究的热点。然而，在目前的概念设计研究中却仍然缺少易于与计算机相结合的数学模型，这一问题也一直制约着概念设计自动化的实现。针对这一问题，为了提高概念设计的自动化程度，提出了功能向量编码方法。
基于所提出的功能向量编码方法，对概念设计中存在的不足进行了研究：
(1)研究了概念设计的求解方法，提出了机构分解与组合的变换原则，在引入补偿矩阵的基础上实现了矩阵分解与机构分解的结合。
(2)在机构概念设计中引入了编码方法的思想，对机构信息进行二进制编译，得到了便于计算机处理的数据。
(3)将功能向量编码方法应用于机构方案概念设计，建立了机构方案概念设计模型，研究了机构方案概念设计流程。
(4)建立了机构功能载体库，基于功能向量编码方法开发了机构方案概念设计系统，并将功能向量编码方法应用于机构功能的提取和操作。
(5)根据课题研究的需要，运用功能向量编码方法对胶印机中的典型机构进行了概念设计，得到了符合设计要求的方案解，验证了所提出的功能向量编码方法应用于机构方案概念设计是可行的，提高了机构方案概念设计的自动化程度。
The conceptual design is the key at the earlier stage of the products design and is one of the important factors which decide the competition of the products in the market. Along with the progress of globalization, the conceptual design is valued by people day by day. And with the development of the computer science, the study of computer-aid conceptual design also becomes the hot spot gradually. However, in the current research of the conceptual design, it is still in need of mathematics model which combines with the computer easily, this problem has been restricting the realization of the conceptual design automation. Aiming at this problem, a functional vector coding method is put forward in order to improve the automation of mechanism scheme conceptual design. The paper researched the shortages existing in the conceptual design, based on the functional vector coding method that had been put forward.
(1) The solution of the conceptual design was studied, the mechanism decomposing and constituting principle were put forward, the combination between matrix decomposing and mechanism decomposing was realized by utilizing the compensatory matrix.
(2) The thought of coding method was utilized in the conceptual design, the mechanism information was translated and edited by means of the binary coding method, and the data has been gained and processed easily by a computer.
(3)The functional vector coding method was applied into the mechanism scheme conceptual design, the mechanism scheme conceptual design model was built, the mechanism scheme conceptual design process was studied.
(4) The mechanism function carrier database was built up, the mechanism scheme conceptual design system based on the functional vector coding method was developed, and the functional vector coding method was applied into the extracting and operating of the mechanism functions.
(5)According to the need of the project, the typical mechanism of the printing machine using the functional vector coding method was conceptually designed, the scheme solution satisfying the design requirements has been achieved, and the functional vector coding method applied to the mechanism scheme conceptual design is feasible that, improves the automation of mechanism scheme conceptual design.
基于所提出的功能向量编码方法，对概念设计中存在的不足进行了研究：
(1)研究了概念设计的求解方法，提出了机构分解与组合的变换原则，在引入补偿矩阵的基础上实现了矩阵分解与机构分解的结合。
(2)在机构概念设计中引入了编码方法的思想，对机构信息进行二进制编译，得到了便于计算机处理的数据。
(3)将功能向量编码方法应用于机构方案概念设计，建立了机构方案概念设计模型，研究了机构方案概念设计流程。
(4)建立了机构功能载体库，基于功能向量编码方法开发了机构方案概念设计系统，并将功能向量编码方法应用于机构功能的提取和操作。
(5)根据课题研究的需要，运用功能向量编码方法对胶印机中的典型机构进行了概念设计，得到了符合设计要求的方案解，验证了所提出的功能向量编码方法应用于机构方案概念设计是可行的，提高了机构方案概念设计的自动化程度。
The conceptual design is the key at the earlier stage of the products design and is one of the important factors which decide the competition of the products in the market. Along with the progress of globalization, the conceptual design is valued by people day by day. And with the development of the computer science, the study of computer-aid conceptual design also becomes the hot spot gradually. However, in the current research of the conceptual design, it is still in need of mathematics model which combines with the computer easily, this problem has been restricting the realization of the conceptual design automation. Aiming at this problem, a functional vector coding method is put forward in order to improve the automation of mechanism scheme conceptual design. The paper researched the shortages existing in the conceptual design, based on the functional vector coding method that had been put forward.
(1) The solution of the conceptual design was studied, the mechanism decomposing and constituting principle were put forward, the combination between matrix decomposing and mechanism decomposing was realized by utilizing the compensatory matrix.
(2) The thought of coding method was utilized in the conceptual design, the mechanism information was translated and edited by means of the binary coding method, and the data has been gained and processed easily by a computer.
(3)The functional vector coding method was applied into the mechanism scheme conceptual design, the mechanism scheme conceptual design model was built, the mechanism scheme conceptual design process was studied.
(4) The mechanism function carrier database was built up, the mechanism scheme conceptual design system based on the functional vector coding method was developed, and the functional vector coding method was applied into the extracting and operating of the mechanism functions.
(5)According to the need of the project, the typical mechanism of the printing machine using the functional vector coding method was conceptually designed, the scheme solution satisfying the design requirements has been achieved, and the functional vector coding method applied to the mechanism scheme conceptual design is feasible that, improves the automation of mechanism scheme conceptual design.
引文
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[4] 孙守迁，黄琦，潘云鹤．计算机辅助概念设计研究进展[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，2003，15(6)：643-650
[5] 许可证，赵勇．面向方案组合优化设计的混合遗传蚂蚁算法[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，2006，18(10)：1587-1593
[6] 刘黎，马礼庄，谭武征．产品概念创新设计系统——CIDS[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，2006，18(1)：114-119
[7] Hyeon H J, Parsaei H R, Wong j P. Concurrent engineering: The manufacturing philosophy for the 90's [J]. Computer Industry Engineering, 1991, 21(1-4):34-39
[8] Stuart Pugh. Total Design, Integrated Methods for Successful Product Engineering[M]. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. 1990
[9] Shean-Juinn Chiou, Sridhar Kota, Automated conceptual design of mechanisms [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 1999,34(3):467～495
[10] 王德伦，张德珍，马雅丽．机械运动方案设计的状态空间方法[J]．机械工程学报，2003，39(3)：548-553
[11] 冯毅雄，谭建荣，郑兵．基于符号的机构概念运动模型[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，2005，17(10)：2312-2317
[12] 蒙运红，吴昌林．机构运动链构型创新设计方法的研究[JJ．中国机械工程，2004，15(23)：2088-2091
[13] Sturges R H, O'Shaughnessy K, Kilani M I. Computational model for conceptual design based in extended function logic[J]. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 1996,10(4):255-274
[14] 张德珍．基于状态空间方法的机械运动方案设计的综合求解及算法实现[J]．计算机集成制造系统，2005，11(2)：251～256
[15] 韩泽光，王德伦．机械产品装配结构方案设计的概念方法[J]．中国机械工程， 2004，15(6)：536-539
[16] 岳建鹏，尹文生，王启富．基于虚拟零件的自顶向下并行装配设计[J]．华中理工大学学报，2000，28(5)：13-15
[17] 吴永明，冯培恩，et al．一个支持top-down设计的产品建模系统[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，1999，11(1)：49-52
[18] 李海龙，宋鹏，董金祥．基于模板的自顶向下并行装配设计[J]．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报．1999，11(5)：441-445
[19] French M J. Conceptual Design for Engineers[M], Second Edition, London, The Design Council, 1985
[20] Pahl G, Beitz W. Engineering Design [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 1992([德]Pahl G，Beitz W，冯培恩等译．工程设计学[M]．北京：机械工业出版社，1992)
[21] Umeda, Y, Ishii M , et al. Supporting Conceptual Design Based on the Function-behavior-state Modular[J]. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 1996, 10(4):275-288
[22] Feng P, Xu G, Zhang M. Feature Modeling Based in Design Catalogues for Principle Conceptual Design[J]. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing,1996, 10(4):347-354
[23] Kota S. et al. Function, Structure, and Constraints in Conceptual Design[J]. Design Theory and Methodology--DTM'90, Rinderle J. ed., ASME, 1990
[24] Li C L, Tan S T, A Qualitative and HeuristicApproach to the Conceptual Design of Mechanisms[J]. Engineering Application of Artificial Intelligence. 1996, 9(1): 17-31
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