纳米TiO_2改性羊毛纤维净化室内空气的研究
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摘要
本文提出选用羊毛纤维作为开发功能性空气过滤材料的基材,在此基础上与光催化技术相结合,研究了纳米TiO_2/羊毛功能滤料对室内空气的净化效果。
进行了与吸附光催化相关的理论方面的研究。首先系统地阐述了国内外采用羊毛纤维净化空气的研究进展,分析了与吸附特性有关的羊毛纤维结构,总结了羊毛纤维在产业用方面的特性。从界面化学的角度,对羊毛纤维吸附甲醛的物理吸附机理和化学吸附机理以及吸附影响因素进行了分析。同时,系统地论述了羊毛纤维与纳米光催化剂结合的复合吸附光催化净化甲醛机理,讨论了光催化剂的失活条件以及羊毛纤维与光催化剂的协同作用,并指出吸附光催化过程受到光催化剂纳米TiO_2、羊毛纤维的吸附性能和环境等众多因素的影响。此外,本文对羊毛摩擦产生负离子的机理以及影响羊毛织物摩擦产生负离子的因素进行了理论分析。
在总结功能性空气过滤材料整理方法的基础上,选用浸轧法对三种不同结构的羊毛滤料原样进行了光催化整理,并分别对羊毛滤料原样和羊毛滤料整理样进行了阻力测试,测试结果表明:对羊毛滤料进行光催化整理,羊毛滤料整理样相对羊毛滤料原样阻力增加了10%,羊毛滤料整理样的阻力增加与滤料原样的面密度成反比,三种羊毛滤料的阻力变化与过滤速度的关系呈抛物线形式变化。
在静态实验台上测试了光化学反应对密闭小室内甲醛浓度的影响以及吸附与光催化净化甲醛效果的对比,结果表明:(1)光化学反应使小室内甲醛浓度减少12%;(2)羊毛滤料原样和羊毛滤料整理样对甲醛的净化率分别为39.22%和67.6%。
在动态实验台上测试了不同羊毛滤料原样对甲醛的吸附效果、不同羊毛滤料整理样吸附光催化净化甲醛效果的对比以及温度、甲醛的初始浓度对吸附光催化净化甲醛的影响。结果表明:(1)羊毛滤料3原样(羊毛毡)对甲醛的吸附性能明显好于羊毛滤料1原样(羊毛机织物),净化率提高了12.28%;(2)羊毛滤料1整理样(机织物1整理样)、羊毛滤料2整理样(机织物2整理样)和羊毛滤料3整理样(羊毛毡整理样)吸附光催化净化甲醛的效率分别为68.74%、66.61%和57.71%。(3)羊毛滤料整理样对甲醛的净化率随着温度的升高而较低,而甲醛的初始浓度越大,吸附光催化效果越好。
测试了不同组织的羊毛织物摩擦后产生的负离子数量和光催化整理对羊毛织物产生负离子的影响,结果表明,三种组织的羊毛织物经过摩擦后,负离子的发射量约为3000·cm-3;羊毛织物经过光催化整理后,其负离子的发射量有显著增加,紫外光照射对织物摩擦产生负离子具有积极的促进作用。
In this theis, wool fiber is chosen as substrate material of functionality filter material, which would be combined with photochemical catalysis technology. The purification effect of indoor air by nano-TiO_2/ wool functionality filter material was studied.
The correlative theory on adsorption and photochemical catalysis was studied. The internal and overseas study evolve of wool fiber on purification air was reviewed. The fiber structure of wool correlated to the adsorption was analyzed, and the industrial property of wool fiber was summarized. From the point of interface chemistry, the adsorption theory of physisorption and chemisorption and the influencing factor of adsorbing formaldehyde were analyzed. Meanwhile, the multiple adsorption and photochemical catalysis mechanism combined wool fiber and nano-pholocatalyst was systemically explained. The deactivation condition of pholocatalyst and the cooperation effect of wool fiber and pholocatalyst were discussed. The process of adsorption and photochemical catalysis was affected by pholocatalyst nano-TiO_2, the adsorption property of wool fiber and environment.Besides, the mechanism of anion produced from wool and the influence on producing anion by rubbing were theoretically analyzed.
On the basis of summarizing the modification method of functionality filter material, three wool filter materials with different organization structure were modified by the way of padding. The resistance of wool filter material original sample and modified sample were tested. The results indicated that the modified sample of wool filter material relative to the original sample increased by 10%, and the resistance increase varied inversely with the surface density of wool filter material original sample. The relationship between the resistance change of three wool filter material and filter velocity was in the form of parabola.
The influence of photochemistry reaction on the formaldehyde concentration in obturation chamber was tested on the static state experiment table, some conclusions were drawn as followings:
(1) Photochemical reaction made formaldehyde concentration in chamber decreased by 12%;
(2) The purification ratios of wool filter material original sample and modified sample were 39.22% and 67.6% respectively.
On dynamic experiment table, the adsorption effect to formaldehyde by different wool filter original sample, the ratios of adsorption and photochemical catalysis of different wool filter modified sample to formaldehyde and the influence of the initial formaldehyde concentration on adsorption and photochemical catalysis were tested. Some results were drawn as followings:
(1) The adsorption property of formaldehyde by wool filter material 3 original sample (wool felt) were better than wool filter material 1 original sample (wool woven fabric), and the purification ratio increased by 12.28%;
(2) The purification ratios of adsorption and photochemical catalysis to formaldehyde by wool filter material 1 modified sample (wool woven fabric 1 modified sample), wool filter material 2 modified sample (wool woven fabric 2 modified sample) and wool filter material 3 modified sample(wool felt modified sample) were 68.74%, 66.61% and 57.71% respectively.
(3) The purification efficiency to formaldehyde by wool filter material modified sample decrease with the increase of temperature, and the thicker initial formaldehyde concentration, the better purification efficiency of adsorption and photochemical catalysis.
The anion emission measure of wool fabric of Brighton weave, twill weave and plain weave and the influence of photochemical catalysis modification on anion emission measure of wool fabric were measured. The results indicated that the anion emission measure of three wool fabrics with different fabric texture were above 3000·cm-3, after photochemical catalysis modification, the anion emission measure of wool fabric were remarkable increased, and the ultraviolet play an auto-action on the Anion emission measure.
进行了与吸附光催化相关的理论方面的研究。首先系统地阐述了国内外采用羊毛纤维净化空气的研究进展,分析了与吸附特性有关的羊毛纤维结构,总结了羊毛纤维在产业用方面的特性。从界面化学的角度,对羊毛纤维吸附甲醛的物理吸附机理和化学吸附机理以及吸附影响因素进行了分析。同时,系统地论述了羊毛纤维与纳米光催化剂结合的复合吸附光催化净化甲醛机理,讨论了光催化剂的失活条件以及羊毛纤维与光催化剂的协同作用,并指出吸附光催化过程受到光催化剂纳米TiO_2、羊毛纤维的吸附性能和环境等众多因素的影响。此外,本文对羊毛摩擦产生负离子的机理以及影响羊毛织物摩擦产生负离子的因素进行了理论分析。
在总结功能性空气过滤材料整理方法的基础上,选用浸轧法对三种不同结构的羊毛滤料原样进行了光催化整理,并分别对羊毛滤料原样和羊毛滤料整理样进行了阻力测试,测试结果表明:对羊毛滤料进行光催化整理,羊毛滤料整理样相对羊毛滤料原样阻力增加了10%,羊毛滤料整理样的阻力增加与滤料原样的面密度成反比,三种羊毛滤料的阻力变化与过滤速度的关系呈抛物线形式变化。
在静态实验台上测试了光化学反应对密闭小室内甲醛浓度的影响以及吸附与光催化净化甲醛效果的对比,结果表明:(1)光化学反应使小室内甲醛浓度减少12%;(2)羊毛滤料原样和羊毛滤料整理样对甲醛的净化率分别为39.22%和67.6%。
在动态实验台上测试了不同羊毛滤料原样对甲醛的吸附效果、不同羊毛滤料整理样吸附光催化净化甲醛效果的对比以及温度、甲醛的初始浓度对吸附光催化净化甲醛的影响。结果表明:(1)羊毛滤料3原样(羊毛毡)对甲醛的吸附性能明显好于羊毛滤料1原样(羊毛机织物),净化率提高了12.28%;(2)羊毛滤料1整理样(机织物1整理样)、羊毛滤料2整理样(机织物2整理样)和羊毛滤料3整理样(羊毛毡整理样)吸附光催化净化甲醛的效率分别为68.74%、66.61%和57.71%。(3)羊毛滤料整理样对甲醛的净化率随着温度的升高而较低,而甲醛的初始浓度越大,吸附光催化效果越好。
测试了不同组织的羊毛织物摩擦后产生的负离子数量和光催化整理对羊毛织物产生负离子的影响,结果表明,三种组织的羊毛织物经过摩擦后,负离子的发射量约为3000·cm-3;羊毛织物经过光催化整理后,其负离子的发射量有显著增加,紫外光照射对织物摩擦产生负离子具有积极的促进作用。
In this theis, wool fiber is chosen as substrate material of functionality filter material, which would be combined with photochemical catalysis technology. The purification effect of indoor air by nano-TiO_2/ wool functionality filter material was studied.
The correlative theory on adsorption and photochemical catalysis was studied. The internal and overseas study evolve of wool fiber on purification air was reviewed. The fiber structure of wool correlated to the adsorption was analyzed, and the industrial property of wool fiber was summarized. From the point of interface chemistry, the adsorption theory of physisorption and chemisorption and the influencing factor of adsorbing formaldehyde were analyzed. Meanwhile, the multiple adsorption and photochemical catalysis mechanism combined wool fiber and nano-pholocatalyst was systemically explained. The deactivation condition of pholocatalyst and the cooperation effect of wool fiber and pholocatalyst were discussed. The process of adsorption and photochemical catalysis was affected by pholocatalyst nano-TiO_2, the adsorption property of wool fiber and environment.Besides, the mechanism of anion produced from wool and the influence on producing anion by rubbing were theoretically analyzed.
On the basis of summarizing the modification method of functionality filter material, three wool filter materials with different organization structure were modified by the way of padding. The resistance of wool filter material original sample and modified sample were tested. The results indicated that the modified sample of wool filter material relative to the original sample increased by 10%, and the resistance increase varied inversely with the surface density of wool filter material original sample. The relationship between the resistance change of three wool filter material and filter velocity was in the form of parabola.
The influence of photochemistry reaction on the formaldehyde concentration in obturation chamber was tested on the static state experiment table, some conclusions were drawn as followings:
(1) Photochemical reaction made formaldehyde concentration in chamber decreased by 12%;
(2) The purification ratios of wool filter material original sample and modified sample were 39.22% and 67.6% respectively.
On dynamic experiment table, the adsorption effect to formaldehyde by different wool filter original sample, the ratios of adsorption and photochemical catalysis of different wool filter modified sample to formaldehyde and the influence of the initial formaldehyde concentration on adsorption and photochemical catalysis were tested. Some results were drawn as followings:
(1) The adsorption property of formaldehyde by wool filter material 3 original sample (wool felt) were better than wool filter material 1 original sample (wool woven fabric), and the purification ratio increased by 12.28%;
(2) The purification ratios of adsorption and photochemical catalysis to formaldehyde by wool filter material 1 modified sample (wool woven fabric 1 modified sample), wool filter material 2 modified sample (wool woven fabric 2 modified sample) and wool filter material 3 modified sample(wool felt modified sample) were 68.74%, 66.61% and 57.71% respectively.
(3) The purification efficiency to formaldehyde by wool filter material modified sample decrease with the increase of temperature, and the thicker initial formaldehyde concentration, the better purification efficiency of adsorption and photochemical catalysis.
The anion emission measure of wool fabric of Brighton weave, twill weave and plain weave and the influence of photochemical catalysis modification on anion emission measure of wool fabric were measured. The results indicated that the anion emission measure of three wool fabrics with different fabric texture were above 3000·cm-3, after photochemical catalysis modification, the anion emission measure of wool fabric were remarkable increased, and the ultraviolet play an auto-action on the Anion emission measure.
引文
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