粤西河台金矿区构造与成岩成矿关系的研究
摘要
本文首先分析了粤西地区区域构造特征，概括了地层发育岩浆活动特点和金矿分布，通过对河台调查区内的构造展布，力学性质和活动历史等的调查总结，阐明了该区构造发展演化规律，鉴定出“拐肘”构造这一新的构造类型，恢复了该区构造发展史。同时对河台金矿的成矿特征也进行了深入的调查，指出河台金矿是经过多期成矿作用迭加而形成，分析了成矿物质来源和成矿物质迁移集中规律，提出构造矿源带的概念，确认了拐肘构造对金矿分布的控制作用，总结出构造变形与成岩成矿作用关系表，作出构造成岩成矿模式图，探讨了不同构造期，不同构造变形方式、不同方向和性质的断裂和不同构造部位的地球化学效应，并从能量平衡理论探讨了构造成岩成矿作用机制。通过高温高压岩石变形实验和物质组分迁移的观察与分析，证实了野外所鉴定的各种韧性变形构造，验证了拐肘构造对金矿的控制作用，丰富了构造动力成岩成矿理论。最后提出成矿预测区和成矿预测的能量法则。
前言
广东河台金矿是近年来新发现的一个大型金矿。它的发现开辟了我国南方寻找大型金矿的新纪元。对其成矿地质和成矿规律急待系统总结与研究。近几年来已有很多科学研究单位和大专院校的研究人员深入该区，与广东省地矿局七一九地质大队一起，对该矿从不同方面都进行了深入的研究，取得了很多有价值的成果。但仍然存在很多基本问题有待解决。尤其是对构造的发展演化和构造与成岩成矿关系方面是一个相对薄弱环节。而该区的构造又较为复杂，成矿与构造的关系极为密切，因此，对该区构造控岩控矿与成岩成矿关系的研究显得尤为重要。本人在杨开庆先生指导下，选择了这一课题。与广东省地矿局七一九地质大队配合，肩负了对河台调查区构造展布特征和演化历史的全面调查与研究的任务。又结合博士学位论文的要求，除对这一地区的构造特点从大到小，从古到今进行全面调查与分析之外，结合了对矿化特征的调查，系统地总结了构造作用与成岩成矿作用的关系，总结了构造成矿规律和构造成矿模式。本人工作以野外地质调查为主，结合部分室内分析，并综合考虑了已往的工作和成果，从理论上给予分析和概括。并结合实验研究，对构造成岩成矿理论给予总结和发展。(论文部分内容结合了4860122号国家自然科学基金项目)。
This dissertation includes five parts. The first part outlines the tectonic features,sedimentations, magmatisms and the distributions of gold ore deposits in the region ofwestern Guang dong. In the second part. The development and evolutions of struc-tures in Hetai investigation area are analysed and expounded in detail. A new type ofstructural pattern called elbow-like structure has been found and determined in fieldwork and is mentioned in this part. In the third part, the charactoristics of tectoniccontrol of petrogenesis and metallitations are related, the tectonoptrogencsis andtectonometallization model of Hetai gold ore deposits are summarized and the mecha-nisms of tectonopetrogenesis and tectonometallization are approached from the theoryof energy. The fourth part of this dissertation introduced the processes and results ofthe experiment of high-temperature and high-pressure rock deformation which havebeen done by the author himself. The experiment has reappeared field ductile struc-tures such as ductile shear zones, ductile compression zones and elbow-like structures,and the concentration of gold along the elbow-like structure. The reactivations andmigrations of metallogenetic materials following rock deformation have been observedor determined by analyses, which strongly supports the theory of tectono-petrogenesisand tectono-metallization. Finally, a new law for ore prediction, energy state law, isposed and some places which are promising to provide gold ore deposits are enclosed.
前言
广东河台金矿是近年来新发现的一个大型金矿。它的发现开辟了我国南方寻找大型金矿的新纪元。对其成矿地质和成矿规律急待系统总结与研究。近几年来已有很多科学研究单位和大专院校的研究人员深入该区，与广东省地矿局七一九地质大队一起，对该矿从不同方面都进行了深入的研究，取得了很多有价值的成果。但仍然存在很多基本问题有待解决。尤其是对构造的发展演化和构造与成岩成矿关系方面是一个相对薄弱环节。而该区的构造又较为复杂，成矿与构造的关系极为密切，因此，对该区构造控岩控矿与成岩成矿关系的研究显得尤为重要。本人在杨开庆先生指导下，选择了这一课题。与广东省地矿局七一九地质大队配合，肩负了对河台调查区构造展布特征和演化历史的全面调查与研究的任务。又结合博士学位论文的要求，除对这一地区的构造特点从大到小，从古到今进行全面调查与分析之外，结合了对矿化特征的调查，系统地总结了构造作用与成岩成矿作用的关系，总结了构造成矿规律和构造成矿模式。本人工作以野外地质调查为主，结合部分室内分析，并综合考虑了已往的工作和成果，从理论上给予分析和概括。并结合实验研究，对构造成岩成矿理论给予总结和发展。(论文部分内容结合了4860122号国家自然科学基金项目)。
This dissertation includes five parts. The first part outlines the tectonic features,sedimentations, magmatisms and the distributions of gold ore deposits in the region ofwestern Guang dong. In the second part. The development and evolutions of struc-tures in Hetai investigation area are analysed and expounded in detail. A new type ofstructural pattern called elbow-like structure has been found and determined in fieldwork and is mentioned in this part. In the third part, the charactoristics of tectoniccontrol of petrogenesis and metallitations are related, the tectonoptrogencsis andtectonometallization model of Hetai gold ore deposits are summarized and the mecha-nisms of tectonopetrogenesis and tectonometallization are approached from the theoryof energy. The fourth part of this dissertation introduced the processes and results ofthe experiment of high-temperature and high-pressure rock deformation which havebeen done by the author himself. The experiment has reappeared field ductile struc-tures such as ductile shear zones, ductile compression zones and elbow-like structures,and the concentration of gold along the elbow-like structure. The reactivations andmigrations of metallogenetic materials following rock deformation have been observedor determined by analyses, which strongly supports the theory of tectono-petrogenesisand tectono-metallization. Finally, a new law for ore prediction, energy state law, isposed and some places which are promising to provide gold ore deposits are enclosed.
引文
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7．广东地矿局719地质大队，1986，粤西地区金矿地质、成矿规律与找矿方向。(内部资料)。
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11．李国华，1982，关于广东地区华夏、新华夏系时间分界问题探讨。广东地质科技，第四期。
12．钟南昌，1984，也谈广东华夏与新华夏系的时间分界问题——与李国华商榷。广东地质科技，第二期．
13．陈础廷，1987，粤西地区金矿地质成矿规律与找矿方向。广东区域地质，第二期．
14．季明钧，1987，广东省高要县河台金矿矿床成因机理探讨。广东区域地质，第二期．
15．赵士杰，1987，河台金矿区区域地质背景及含金糜棱岩带地质特征．广东区域地质，第一期。
16．伍广字、邹广芬、H．C．Einfalt，1986，广宁花岗质杂岩稀土元素岩石地球化学。广东地质，第二期．
17．段嘉瑞等，1986，广东河台金矿区韧性剪切带变形研究．全国矿床构造学术讨论会文献。
18．郭显邦、陈础挺、邹广芬、胡谢天，1985，广东省广宁——郁南花岗岩带特征及其与铌钽成矿作用的关系(研究报告)。
19．吴广宇、邹广芬、H．C．Einfalt and A．Hoehndofr，1986，广宁花岗质杂岩的地质年代学研究．广东地质，第一期．
20．凌井生，1986，广东河台金矿地质特征．广东地质，第一期。
21．季明均，1987，广东高要河台金矿区岩矿特征及矿床成因机理初步认识。广东地质，第一期。
22．戴爱华，1986，粤西河台金矿矿床地球化学研究。硕士学位论文。
23．吴学益、钟法义、周文华、夏勇，1987，高村金矿床构造特征及构造控矿模拟实验初步结果。全国矿床构造学术讨论会文献．
24．钟增球，1985，对糜棱岩的一些新认识。地质科技情报，武汉地质学院。
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26．宋鸿林，1981，应变测量及其意义。地质与勘探，第二期。
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28．王成金、岳玉文，1986，旧店金矿床成矿构造应力场的全息光弹模拟及成矿局部构造区的确定。长春地质学学报，第一期。
29．P·W·海因德曼，花岗岩岩浆的来源和侵位深度的控制因素．《国外地质科技》，1983，第一期．
30．V·马莫，1979，花岗岩岩石学与花岗岩问题。地质出版社。
31．H·G·F·温克勃，1980，变质岩成因。科学出版社。
32．R·H·佛农，变质反应与显微构造．地质出版社．
33．张树业等，1984，变质岩结构构造图册．地质出版社。
34．R·W·博伊尔，1984，金的地球化学及金矿床．地质出版社。
35．刘英俊等。1984，元素地球化学．科学出版社。
36．朱奉山，1984，金的地球化学．吉林省地质局。
37．王炳成，金内生运移的某些问题，地质实验，1979，第一期。
38．徐光炽，1984，构造与地球化学．大地构造与成矿学，第八卷，第一期。
39．陈国达，1984。关于构造地球化学的几个问题．大地构造与成矿学，第八卷，第一期。
40．孙岩、沈修志、刘寿和，1984，断裂构造地球化学特征的初步探讨。大地构造与成矿学，第八卷，第一期．
41．王功恪、梁承超。地质力学的地球化学表征——地球化学动力学的几个基本问题。全国第二届构造地质讨论会论文集．地质出版社．
42．杨开庆，1982，关于构造动力控岩控矿和成岩成矿问题。地质力学论丛，第6号。
43．杨开庆，1984，构造动力作用中地球化学作用．大地构造与成矿学，第八卷，第四期。
44．杨开庆，1985，试论构造动力就地成岩成矿作用．国际交流地质学术论文集四。
45．李四光，1971，地质力学概论．科学出版社．
46．南京大学地质系，1979。地球化学．科学出版社．
47．陈至达，1984，有理力学(非线性连续体力学导论)．中国矿业学北京研究生部．
48．A·比奇，低级变质的变形过程中的化学作用：压溶和液压断裂作用。国外地质科技，1983，第三期．
49．曹荣龙等，1980，成岩成矿实验．地质出版社．
50．M·S·佩特森，1982，实验岩石形变—脆性域．地质出版社．
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