弹流润滑状态下风力发电机增速齿轮的有限元分析
摘要
齿轮是风力发电机增速箱最重要的传动零件,所以对其进行结构优化设计和性能分析是非常必要的。本文对风力机增速齿轮进行了参数设计和载荷分析,利用多重网格法求解了直齿轮在工作状态下的弹流润滑问题,并进行了直齿轮在弹流润滑状态下的轮齿应力分析和斜齿轮的接触应力分析。
1)通过对风力机增速齿轮的结构设计和实际工况下的受载分析,对其进行弹流润滑分析,利用多重网格法对啮合点处的弹流润滑问题进行稳态数值求解,并分析油膜压力和膜厚对齿轮传动的影响。
2)用Pro/E软件对齿轮进行造型并装配,通过数据接口将模型导入到ANSYS有限元分析软件中,并将油膜压力作为载荷,建立油膜振荡压力条件下齿轮的有限元模型,考虑不同啮合位置加载的影响,对一个轮齿由啮入到啮出的全过程进行轮齿应力的有限元分析。在应力分析后,找出危险部位,引入直齿轮材料的S-N疲劳曲线,对其进行疲劳寿命分析。通过考虑润滑油膜压力的影响,使分析结果更接近齿轮在真实工作条件下的应力值。
3)通过建立斜齿轮接触对三维模型,选择不同的啮合位置,在ANSYS中对其进行接触应力计算,并比较不同啮合点的应力大小,找出轮齿啮合时的应力分布规律。研究结果对增速齿轮的设计、改进和优化有一定的参考价值。
Gear is the most important transmission parts of the accelerating box of Wind-Power-Generating, so it is extremely essential to carry on structural optimization design and performance analysis. In this paper, the parameter design and load of gear is researched, and the simulation analysis of stress status of the spur gear model under effects of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication and contact stress analysis of helical gear is discussed.
1) Through analyzing the structural design and load of gears, the EHL problem is studied under actual working conditions of accelerating gear, the numerical solution is calculated and analyzed at the meshing points for the steady-state EHL problem by utilizing the multi-grid method, and the impacts of the oil film pressure and thickness on gear transmission is analyzed.
2) The 3-D model of gears is created and assembled by Pro/E software , then put into finite element analysis software with the data interface, then the finite element model is established under the conditions of oil whipping pressure where film pressure as load, the influence is considering on different meshing positions of a tooth to load from the approach to recess, finite element analysis is studied on the whole process of gear tooth. After the finite element stress analysis, the hazardous sites is identified, the fatigue S-N curve of materials spur gear is introduced, and the fatigue life of them is analyzed. The results show that the teeth stress values obtained in this method between with the stress values in a real environment have the minimal relative error.
3) Through the establishment of three-dimensional model of helical gear, chose different meshing positions, the contact stress is calculated in ANSYS, and the stress intensity is compared on different meshing points, the stress distribution is identified. The research result has some reference value on the improvement and the optimization design of the gear.
1)通过对风力机增速齿轮的结构设计和实际工况下的受载分析,对其进行弹流润滑分析,利用多重网格法对啮合点处的弹流润滑问题进行稳态数值求解,并分析油膜压力和膜厚对齿轮传动的影响。
2)用Pro/E软件对齿轮进行造型并装配,通过数据接口将模型导入到ANSYS有限元分析软件中,并将油膜压力作为载荷,建立油膜振荡压力条件下齿轮的有限元模型,考虑不同啮合位置加载的影响,对一个轮齿由啮入到啮出的全过程进行轮齿应力的有限元分析。在应力分析后,找出危险部位,引入直齿轮材料的S-N疲劳曲线,对其进行疲劳寿命分析。通过考虑润滑油膜压力的影响,使分析结果更接近齿轮在真实工作条件下的应力值。
3)通过建立斜齿轮接触对三维模型,选择不同的啮合位置,在ANSYS中对其进行接触应力计算,并比较不同啮合点的应力大小,找出轮齿啮合时的应力分布规律。研究结果对增速齿轮的设计、改进和优化有一定的参考价值。
Gear is the most important transmission parts of the accelerating box of Wind-Power-Generating, so it is extremely essential to carry on structural optimization design and performance analysis. In this paper, the parameter design and load of gear is researched, and the simulation analysis of stress status of the spur gear model under effects of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication and contact stress analysis of helical gear is discussed.
1) Through analyzing the structural design and load of gears, the EHL problem is studied under actual working conditions of accelerating gear, the numerical solution is calculated and analyzed at the meshing points for the steady-state EHL problem by utilizing the multi-grid method, and the impacts of the oil film pressure and thickness on gear transmission is analyzed.
2) The 3-D model of gears is created and assembled by Pro/E software , then put into finite element analysis software with the data interface, then the finite element model is established under the conditions of oil whipping pressure where film pressure as load, the influence is considering on different meshing positions of a tooth to load from the approach to recess, finite element analysis is studied on the whole process of gear tooth. After the finite element stress analysis, the hazardous sites is identified, the fatigue S-N curve of materials spur gear is introduced, and the fatigue life of them is analyzed. The results show that the teeth stress values obtained in this method between with the stress values in a real environment have the minimal relative error.
3) Through the establishment of three-dimensional model of helical gear, chose different meshing positions, the contact stress is calculated in ANSYS, and the stress intensity is compared on different meshing points, the stress distribution is identified. The research result has some reference value on the improvement and the optimization design of the gear.
引文
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[19]谢海东,斜齿轮精确建模及有限元模态分析[J],现代制造工程,2004,11:55-57.
[20]周凯红,渐开线齿轮根应力的有限元分析[J],桂林航天专科学校,2005,10:5-8.
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[29]孙黎.大型风力发电机齿轮的接触分析[J].中国科技信息,2008,11:140-141.
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[31]周培毅.风力发电机组圆柱齿轮的故障振动分析[J].华东电力.20086,:71-72.
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