ARJ21飞机反推力伺服加载系统的研究
摘要
反推力装置是提升飞机性能的重要系统。在其地面试验中,需要开发一加载系统模拟其打开和收回过程所受空气载荷,从而检测其操纵系统、液压系统的技术性能指标,为反推力作动系统及全机液压系统的适航符合性提供试验依据。
本文针对反推力液压伺服加载系统进行了研究,并在此基础上开发了反推力装置的加载系统。主要的研究工作如下:
针对反推力装置的实际结构制定了基本的加载方案,并对加载方案进行了分析;根据反推力液压缸的三维位置坐标进行机械接口计算,按照计算结果设计了加载台架;根据气动载荷的加载特点和系统的信号传递关系,完成了液压伺服系统和电气系统的集成。
其控制系统采用上位机与下位机结合的形式,由控制器编程实现液压伺服系统的PID控制,并通过OPC(过程控制对象链接及嵌入)与上位机建立数据传输。基于LabVIEW设计了集成系统的软件,实现了对各监测传感器的实时数据采集,编写了与下位机和飞机液压试验综合测控系统的通信程序,实现了加载系统的远程控制。
利用该加载系统完成了多次反推力装置的功能试验及故障试验。试验结果证明该加载系统对反推力装置能够进行稳定、精确的加载。
Thrust reverser is an important system to improve the performance of airplanes. In the ground tests of ARJ21, servo loading system is needed to simulate the air load during deployment and to test the functional standards of its control and the hydraulic system, so as to show that the thrust reverser system and the whole hydraulic system are suitable for flight.
In this thesis, servo loading system for thrust reverser is researched and is developed based on the research. The main contents are summarized as follows:
A basic plan is made considering the structure of thrust reverser, and the security and load distribution is analyzed. Mechanic structure of the loading system is designed based on the mechanical interface calculation. Hydraulic system is developed after the feature of the air load is studied. Signal transfer relationship is analyzed and electric connection system is developed.
The control system combines an industry PC as host computer and a servo controller as slave computer. The controller is programmed to fulfill PID control of the hydraulic loading system, and lots of experiments are done to optimize control parameters. The controller attains data transfer with host computer through OPC(OLE for Process Control). Software system of the host computer is developed based on LabVIEW. Data acquisition is processed and network connection with slave computer and integrate test and control system of jet hydraulic tests is built so remote control is achieved. Function experiments and error experiments for thrust reverser are processed many times with the loading system. The experimental data show that the loading system can apply the load for the thrust reverser stably and accurately.
本文针对反推力液压伺服加载系统进行了研究,并在此基础上开发了反推力装置的加载系统。主要的研究工作如下:
针对反推力装置的实际结构制定了基本的加载方案,并对加载方案进行了分析;根据反推力液压缸的三维位置坐标进行机械接口计算,按照计算结果设计了加载台架;根据气动载荷的加载特点和系统的信号传递关系,完成了液压伺服系统和电气系统的集成。
其控制系统采用上位机与下位机结合的形式,由控制器编程实现液压伺服系统的PID控制,并通过OPC(过程控制对象链接及嵌入)与上位机建立数据传输。基于LabVIEW设计了集成系统的软件,实现了对各监测传感器的实时数据采集,编写了与下位机和飞机液压试验综合测控系统的通信程序,实现了加载系统的远程控制。
利用该加载系统完成了多次反推力装置的功能试验及故障试验。试验结果证明该加载系统对反推力装置能够进行稳定、精确的加载。
Thrust reverser is an important system to improve the performance of airplanes. In the ground tests of ARJ21, servo loading system is needed to simulate the air load during deployment and to test the functional standards of its control and the hydraulic system, so as to show that the thrust reverser system and the whole hydraulic system are suitable for flight.
In this thesis, servo loading system for thrust reverser is researched and is developed based on the research. The main contents are summarized as follows:
A basic plan is made considering the structure of thrust reverser, and the security and load distribution is analyzed. Mechanic structure of the loading system is designed based on the mechanical interface calculation. Hydraulic system is developed after the feature of the air load is studied. Signal transfer relationship is analyzed and electric connection system is developed.
The control system combines an industry PC as host computer and a servo controller as slave computer. The controller is programmed to fulfill PID control of the hydraulic loading system, and lots of experiments are done to optimize control parameters. The controller attains data transfer with host computer through OPC(OLE for Process Control). Software system of the host computer is developed based on LabVIEW. Data acquisition is processed and network connection with slave computer and integrate test and control system of jet hydraulic tests is built so remote control is achieved. Function experiments and error experiments for thrust reverser are processed many times with the loading system. The experimental data show that the loading system can apply the load for the thrust reverser stably and accurately.
引文
[1] 靳宝林, 邢伟红, 刘殿春. 飞机/发动机推进系统反推力装置. 航空发动机. 2004, 30 (4): 48~58.
[2] S.M. Malaek, J. Parastari. Thrust reverser modulation -- a tool to command landing ground run. Aircraft Design. 2001(4): 179–191.
[3] 苏永清, 黄献龙, 赵克定. 国内电液负载仿真台研究与发展现状. 机床与液压. 1992(2).
[4] 吴建德. 基于神经网络的负载模拟器控制方法研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2004.03
[5] 张举中. 电动伺服加载系统控制方法研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文.
[6] 王孙安, 林延圻, 史维祥. 液压伺服控制的新发展. http://www.cqvip.com/.
[7] 王辉, 闫祥安, 王立文, 郭建华. 操纵负荷系统电液伺服加载控制方式的比较研究. 中国机械工程. 2007, 18(2): 142~145
[8] 汪首坤, 王军政. 导弹舵机动态加载技术. 北京理工大学学报. 2007, 27(3): 247~250
[9] 刘卓夫, 彭侠夫, 李福义. 动态矩阵控制在减摇鳍加载系统中的研究. 哈尔滨工程大学学报. 2002, 23(2).
[10] 李妍卉. 飞机作动筒耐久循环加载试验计算机控制系统设计. 洪都科技.
[11] 王新民, 朱明辉, 刘卫国. 飞机发动机操纵系统地面模拟电动加载变结构控制研究. 机床与液压. 2005(19):127~128.
[12] 徐鹏国. 直升机浆叶助力器加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2003.
[13] 沈凤林. 飞机液压起落架电液伺服加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2002.
[14] 李凤娥. 直升机旋翼加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文.
[15] 陈机林. 电液加载仿真台的设计与自适应控制. 机床与液压. 2005, 12: 124~126.
[16] 卢洪泉. 汽车转向助力模拟加载系统的设计研究. 哈尔滨工程大学工程硕士学位论文. 2005.
[17] 刘海泉, 陈翀, 唐岚. 汽车 EPS 电液伺服加载系统. 西华大学学报·自然科学版. 2006, 25(1).
[18] 刘延平, 艾志久, 于兴军, 刘春全, 孙妮雅. 基于电液伺服控制技术的采油负载模拟装置研究. 液压与气动. 2006, 11.
[19] 董平, 夏正春. 基于 LabVIEW 的电液伺服控制加载系统的研制与开发. 实验技术与管理. 2006, 23(10): 53~54
[20] 黄春霞, 张鸿儒, 隋志龙. 简易单向专用地震模拟振动台的研制. 世界地震工程. 2007, 23(4).
[21] CoDeSys OPC-Server V2.0 Installation and Usage, Document Version 1.7. 3S - Smart Software Solutions GmbH.
[22] Jeffrey Travis, Jim Kring. LabVIEW for Everyone: Graphical Programming Made Easy and Fun[M]. Third Edition. Prentice Hall, July 27, 2006.
[23] M Series User Manual. National Instruments Corporation. November 2006.
[24] Rick Bitter, Taqi Mohiuddin, Matt Nawrocki. LabVIEW Advanced Programming Techniques[M]. CRC Press, 2001.
[25] 杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇等. LabVIEW 高级程序设计[M]. 清华大学出版社, 2003 年 4 月.
[26] http://ni.com
[2] S.M. Malaek, J. Parastari. Thrust reverser modulation -- a tool to command landing ground run. Aircraft Design. 2001(4): 179–191.
[3] 苏永清, 黄献龙, 赵克定. 国内电液负载仿真台研究与发展现状. 机床与液压. 1992(2).
[4] 吴建德. 基于神经网络的负载模拟器控制方法研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2004.03
[5] 张举中. 电动伺服加载系统控制方法研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文.
[6] 王孙安, 林延圻, 史维祥. 液压伺服控制的新发展. http://www.cqvip.com/.
[7] 王辉, 闫祥安, 王立文, 郭建华. 操纵负荷系统电液伺服加载控制方式的比较研究. 中国机械工程. 2007, 18(2): 142~145
[8] 汪首坤, 王军政. 导弹舵机动态加载技术. 北京理工大学学报. 2007, 27(3): 247~250
[9] 刘卓夫, 彭侠夫, 李福义. 动态矩阵控制在减摇鳍加载系统中的研究. 哈尔滨工程大学学报. 2002, 23(2).
[10] 李妍卉. 飞机作动筒耐久循环加载试验计算机控制系统设计. 洪都科技.
[11] 王新民, 朱明辉, 刘卫国. 飞机发动机操纵系统地面模拟电动加载变结构控制研究. 机床与液压. 2005(19):127~128.
[12] 徐鹏国. 直升机浆叶助力器加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2003.
[13] 沈凤林. 飞机液压起落架电液伺服加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2002.
[14] 李凤娥. 直升机旋翼加载系统的研究. 西北工业大学硕士学位论文.
[15] 陈机林. 电液加载仿真台的设计与自适应控制. 机床与液压. 2005, 12: 124~126.
[16] 卢洪泉. 汽车转向助力模拟加载系统的设计研究. 哈尔滨工程大学工程硕士学位论文. 2005.
[17] 刘海泉, 陈翀, 唐岚. 汽车 EPS 电液伺服加载系统. 西华大学学报·自然科学版. 2006, 25(1).
[18] 刘延平, 艾志久, 于兴军, 刘春全, 孙妮雅. 基于电液伺服控制技术的采油负载模拟装置研究. 液压与气动. 2006, 11.
[19] 董平, 夏正春. 基于 LabVIEW 的电液伺服控制加载系统的研制与开发. 实验技术与管理. 2006, 23(10): 53~54
[20] 黄春霞, 张鸿儒, 隋志龙. 简易单向专用地震模拟振动台的研制. 世界地震工程. 2007, 23(4).
[21] CoDeSys OPC-Server V2.0 Installation and Usage, Document Version 1.7. 3S - Smart Software Solutions GmbH.
[22] Jeffrey Travis, Jim Kring. LabVIEW for Everyone: Graphical Programming Made Easy and Fun[M]. Third Edition. Prentice Hall, July 27, 2006.
[23] M Series User Manual. National Instruments Corporation. November 2006.
[24] Rick Bitter, Taqi Mohiuddin, Matt Nawrocki. LabVIEW Advanced Programming Techniques[M]. CRC Press, 2001.
[25] 杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇等. LabVIEW 高级程序设计[M]. 清华大学出版社, 2003 年 4 月.
[26] http://ni.com