基于USB技术的Holter设计
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摘要
心血管疾病是威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一，动态心电图是临床诊断心血管疾病的重要办法。因此，研制高性能的Holter系统(动态心电监护系统)对于心血管疾病的诊断和治疗具有十分重要的意义。
本论文结合一种新型Holter系统的研制工作，对适用于低速嵌入式系统的心电信号处理算法进行了讨论，提出了该型Holter系统的软硬件设计思想，详细阐述了各部分设计思路和工程实现，还讨论了建立Holter系统开发平台的想法。
本论文的工作有如下特点：(1)研制的Holter系统可对心电数据进行高精度、高采样率、多同道同步采样，性能得到了很大提高；(2)该记录仪能够对心电信号进行实时分析。采用的算法运算量不大，相对适用于低速嵌入式系统；(3)很好的解决了两项关键技术；大容量的心电数据记录技术和低功耗技术；(4)实现了当前流行的USB总线接口，并且使用大屏幕的液晶作为记录仪的显示界面；(5))提出了建立Holter系统开发平台的设想。
本论文基本完成了一种新型多通道Holter系统的研制工作，为该型设备投入到实际应用中奠定良好的基础，也为下一步的研制工作做了很好的铺垫。
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most dangerous threats to human health. The application of dynamic electrocardiogram is essential for the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is of great significance to research high-performance holter system(dynamic electrocardiogram monitor) in cardiovascular diagnose and treatment.
Based on the development of one new-type holter, the ECG analysis algorithm, which is suitable for low-speed embedded system, is discussed in this thesis. The software and hardware design method of holter is proposed, with every part of design mentalities and project-realization explained in detail. The idea of setting up holter developing platform is also discussed.
The research of this thesis has the following characteristics: (1) The holter developed in this thesis can sample ECG data with high accuracy, high sampling rates, and also can sample several channels simultaneously, therefore the performance has been improved greatly. (2) This holter can analyze ECG data in real-time. The algorithm adopted is suitable for the low-speed real-time embedded system. (3) Has solved two key techniques: ECG data record technology of the large capacity and low power consumption technology. (4) Has realized present popular USB bus interface, and the liquid crystal of the large screen has been used as the display interfaces of hotter. (5) Has proposed the conceive of setting up the developing platform of holter.
In this thesis, the development of a kind of new-type holter has been completed, and this holter has been put into practical application. This thesis also provides a good foundation for next development.
本论文结合一种新型Holter系统的研制工作，对适用于低速嵌入式系统的心电信号处理算法进行了讨论，提出了该型Holter系统的软硬件设计思想，详细阐述了各部分设计思路和工程实现，还讨论了建立Holter系统开发平台的想法。
本论文的工作有如下特点：(1)研制的Holter系统可对心电数据进行高精度、高采样率、多同道同步采样，性能得到了很大提高；(2)该记录仪能够对心电信号进行实时分析。采用的算法运算量不大，相对适用于低速嵌入式系统；(3)很好的解决了两项关键技术；大容量的心电数据记录技术和低功耗技术；(4)实现了当前流行的USB总线接口，并且使用大屏幕的液晶作为记录仪的显示界面；(5))提出了建立Holter系统开发平台的设想。
本论文基本完成了一种新型多通道Holter系统的研制工作，为该型设备投入到实际应用中奠定良好的基础，也为下一步的研制工作做了很好的铺垫。
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most dangerous threats to human health. The application of dynamic electrocardiogram is essential for the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is of great significance to research high-performance holter system(dynamic electrocardiogram monitor) in cardiovascular diagnose and treatment.
Based on the development of one new-type holter, the ECG analysis algorithm, which is suitable for low-speed embedded system, is discussed in this thesis. The software and hardware design method of holter is proposed, with every part of design mentalities and project-realization explained in detail. The idea of setting up holter developing platform is also discussed.
The research of this thesis has the following characteristics: (1) The holter developed in this thesis can sample ECG data with high accuracy, high sampling rates, and also can sample several channels simultaneously, therefore the performance has been improved greatly. (2) This holter can analyze ECG data in real-time. The algorithm adopted is suitable for the low-speed real-time embedded system. (3) Has solved two key techniques: ECG data record technology of the large capacity and low power consumption technology. (4) Has realized present popular USB bus interface, and the liquid crystal of the large screen has been used as the display interfaces of hotter. (5) Has proposed the conceive of setting up the developing platform of holter.
In this thesis, the development of a kind of new-type holter has been completed, and this holter has been put into practical application. This thesis also provides a good foundation for next development.
引文
[1] 陈传广．动态心电监测的临床诊断价值．右江医学，2000，28(4)：289～290
[2] 严筱刚．Holter技术发展回顾．中国医疗器械杂志，1991，1：26～31
[3] 张国琴．运动心电图在临床上的应用价值．临床荟萃，2002，17(2)：114～116
[4] 易测位，昌玮．动态心电仪国内外发展动向和各种Holter特点及优缺点．医学信息，1999，12(3)：27～30
[5] 何军．动态心电监护系统的发展和现状浅析．中国医疗器械信息，1997，3(6)：11～12
[6] 吕旭东，段会龙，吕维雪．动态心电回放分析工作站．生物医学工程杂志，2001，18(1)：33～37
[7] 纪承寅．临床心电图快速解读．北京：军事医学科学出版社，2001
[8] G. M. Friesen, T. C. Jannett and M. A. Jadallah, "A Comparison of the Noise Sensitivity of Nine QRS Detection Algorithms" IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, NO. 1, pp. 85-98, January 1990
[9] M. L. Ahlstrom and W. J. Tompkins, "Digital Filter for Real-Time Signal Processing Using Microprocessors," IEEE Ti}ans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-32, NO. 9, pp. 708-713, September 1985
[10] B．维德罗，S．D．史蒂恩斯．自适应信号处理．成都：四川大学出版社，1991
[11] 胡广书．数字信号处理—理论、算法与实现．北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[12] Li Gang et al. "A New Adaptive Coherent Model Algorithm for Removal of Pover-Line Interference," Journal ojClinical Engineerig, NO. 20, pp. 147-150, 1995
[13] Y Z. Ider and H. Koymen, "A New Technique for Line Interference Monitoring and Reduction in Biopotential Amplifies," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, NO. 6, pp. 624-630, June 1990
[14] 孙京霞，白延强，杨玉星．一种抑制心电信号50Hz工频干扰的改进Levkov方法．航天医学与医学工程，2000，13(3)：198～201
[15] J. Pari and W. J. Tompkins, "A Real-time QRS Detection Algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-32, NO. 3, pp. 230-236, March 1985
[16] M. Okada, "A Digital Filter for th$ QRS Complex Detection," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-26, NO. 12, pp. 700-703, December 1979
[17] L. Sommo, O. Pahlnn and M. Nygards, "Adaptive QRS Complex Detection: A Study of Performance," IEEE Trans. on BME, vol.32(6), pp. 392-401, 1985
[18] S. Suppappola and Y Sun, "Nonlinear Transforms of ECG Signals far Digital QRS Detection: A Quantitative Analysis," IEEE Trans. on BME, vol. 41(4), pp. 642-648, 1994
[19] S. J. Weisner, W. J. Tompkins and B. Tompkins, "A Compact, Microprocessor- Based ECG ST-Segment Analyzer for the Operating Room," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, voI.BME-29, NO. 9, pp. 642-648, September 1982
[20] P. W. Hsia, J. M. Jenkns and Y Shimoni, "An Automated System for ST Segment and Arrhythmia Analysis in Exercise Radionuclide Ventriculography," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-33, NO. 6, pp. 585-593, June 1986
[20] 马言臣，减明云，马言邦．对动态心电监护系统进行检测的探讨．中国计量，1998，3：32～33
[21] 余学飞等．医学电子仪器原理与设计．北京：华南理工大学出版社，2000
[22] 陈大钦等．模拟电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2000
[23] 贾春光，段会龙，严筱刚等．24小时全信息固态记录Hotter系统．中国医疗器械杂志，1998，22(1)：1～5
[24] 吕旭东，段会龙．高性能动态心电回放分析系统．中国医疗器械杂志，2001，18(3)：261～265
[25] 吴晓，钱宗才，张孝勇．便携式动态心电记录仪的研制．第四军医大学学报，1998，19：4042
[26] 雷印胜，孙同景．基于DSP的动态心电记录仪．微计算机信息，2002，18(3)：39～40
[27] 程凡，魏义祥．多功能心电信号发生器的研制．中国医疗器械杂志，2000，24(4)：209～211
[28] 李智，赵岗金等．24h动态心电记录及分析系统．北京工业大学学报，1996，22(1)：117～121
[29] 李刚，叶文宇等．一种虚拟心电信号发生器．天津大学学报，2002，35(1)：47～52
[30] 王恩美，范鑫等．一种新型心电信号采集及分析系统．仪器仪表学报，2001，22(4)：368～370
[31] 闰润强，詹永麒等．12导联同步心电信号自动检测技术的研究．中国医疗器械杂志，2002，26(2)：88～91
[32] 安源，方克仁，任超世．24小时动态心电监护、分析系统的程序设计．中国医疗器械杂志，2001，25(1)：23～25
[33] 何立民．单片机高级教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[34] 潘琢金等．C8051Fxxx高速单片机原理及应用．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[35] C8051F02x Family Datasheet. Cygnal Integrated Products, Inc. 2001
[36] 桑楠．嵌入式系统原理及应用开发技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[37] SanDisk CompactFlash Memory Card Product Manual. SanDisk Corporation.2000
[38] SED1330F/1335F/1336F LCD Controller ICS Technical Manual. S-MOS ystems,Inc. September, 1995
[39] 李维提等．液晶显示应用技术．北京：电子工业出版社，2000
[40] ADS7843 Touch Screen Controller Technical Manual. Burr-Brown Corporation. 1998
[41] 李华等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1993
[42] MAX717～MAX721(3.3V Palmtop Computer and Flash Memory Power Supply Regulator) Datasheet. Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 1992
[43] MAX629(28V, Low-Power, High-Voltage,Boost or Inverting DC-DCConverter) Datasheet. Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 1998
[44] 王幸之等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[45] D. Anderson, Universal Serial Bus System Architecture, Mindshare, 2000
[46] EZ-USB Technical Reference Manual Version 1.9. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation. 2000
[47] EZ-USB Series 2100 Getting Started Development Kit. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation. 2001
[48] S3C44BOX Risc Microprocessor Preliminary Product Overview. Samsung Electronics CO., Ltd. 2001
[49] J．Labrosse著．邵贝贝译．UCIOS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京；中国电力出版社，2001
[50] 徐爱钧，彭秀华．单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[2] 严筱刚．Holter技术发展回顾．中国医疗器械杂志，1991，1：26～31
[3] 张国琴．运动心电图在临床上的应用价值．临床荟萃，2002，17(2)：114～116
[4] 易测位，昌玮．动态心电仪国内外发展动向和各种Holter特点及优缺点．医学信息，1999，12(3)：27～30
[5] 何军．动态心电监护系统的发展和现状浅析．中国医疗器械信息，1997，3(6)：11～12
[6] 吕旭东，段会龙，吕维雪．动态心电回放分析工作站．生物医学工程杂志，2001，18(1)：33～37
[7] 纪承寅．临床心电图快速解读．北京：军事医学科学出版社，2001
[8] G. M. Friesen, T. C. Jannett and M. A. Jadallah, "A Comparison of the Noise Sensitivity of Nine QRS Detection Algorithms" IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, NO. 1, pp. 85-98, January 1990
[9] M. L. Ahlstrom and W. J. Tompkins, "Digital Filter for Real-Time Signal Processing Using Microprocessors," IEEE Ti}ans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-32, NO. 9, pp. 708-713, September 1985
[10] B．维德罗，S．D．史蒂恩斯．自适应信号处理．成都：四川大学出版社，1991
[11] 胡广书．数字信号处理—理论、算法与实现．北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[12] Li Gang et al. "A New Adaptive Coherent Model Algorithm for Removal of Pover-Line Interference," Journal ojClinical Engineerig, NO. 20, pp. 147-150, 1995
[13] Y Z. Ider and H. Koymen, "A New Technique for Line Interference Monitoring and Reduction in Biopotential Amplifies," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, NO. 6, pp. 624-630, June 1990
[14] 孙京霞，白延强，杨玉星．一种抑制心电信号50Hz工频干扰的改进Levkov方法．航天医学与医学工程，2000，13(3)：198～201
[15] J. Pari and W. J. Tompkins, "A Real-time QRS Detection Algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-32, NO. 3, pp. 230-236, March 1985
[16] M. Okada, "A Digital Filter for th$ QRS Complex Detection," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-26, NO. 12, pp. 700-703, December 1979
[17] L. Sommo, O. Pahlnn and M. Nygards, "Adaptive QRS Complex Detection: A Study of Performance," IEEE Trans. on BME, vol.32(6), pp. 392-401, 1985
[18] S. Suppappola and Y Sun, "Nonlinear Transforms of ECG Signals far Digital QRS Detection: A Quantitative Analysis," IEEE Trans. on BME, vol. 41(4), pp. 642-648, 1994
[19] S. J. Weisner, W. J. Tompkins and B. Tompkins, "A Compact, Microprocessor- Based ECG ST-Segment Analyzer for the Operating Room," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, voI.BME-29, NO. 9, pp. 642-648, September 1982
[20] P. W. Hsia, J. M. Jenkns and Y Shimoni, "An Automated System for ST Segment and Arrhythmia Analysis in Exercise Radionuclide Ventriculography," IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-33, NO. 6, pp. 585-593, June 1986
[20] 马言臣，减明云，马言邦．对动态心电监护系统进行检测的探讨．中国计量，1998，3：32～33
[21] 余学飞等．医学电子仪器原理与设计．北京：华南理工大学出版社，2000
[22] 陈大钦等．模拟电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2000
[23] 贾春光，段会龙，严筱刚等．24小时全信息固态记录Hotter系统．中国医疗器械杂志，1998，22(1)：1～5
[24] 吕旭东，段会龙．高性能动态心电回放分析系统．中国医疗器械杂志，2001，18(3)：261～265
[25] 吴晓，钱宗才，张孝勇．便携式动态心电记录仪的研制．第四军医大学学报，1998，19：4042
[26] 雷印胜，孙同景．基于DSP的动态心电记录仪．微计算机信息，2002，18(3)：39～40
[27] 程凡，魏义祥．多功能心电信号发生器的研制．中国医疗器械杂志，2000，24(4)：209～211
[28] 李智，赵岗金等．24h动态心电记录及分析系统．北京工业大学学报，1996，22(1)：117～121
[29] 李刚，叶文宇等．一种虚拟心电信号发生器．天津大学学报，2002，35(1)：47～52
[30] 王恩美，范鑫等．一种新型心电信号采集及分析系统．仪器仪表学报，2001，22(4)：368～370
[31] 闰润强，詹永麒等．12导联同步心电信号自动检测技术的研究．中国医疗器械杂志，2002，26(2)：88～91
[32] 安源，方克仁，任超世．24小时动态心电监护、分析系统的程序设计．中国医疗器械杂志，2001，25(1)：23～25
[33] 何立民．单片机高级教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[34] 潘琢金等．C8051Fxxx高速单片机原理及应用．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[35] C8051F02x Family Datasheet. Cygnal Integrated Products, Inc. 2001
[36] 桑楠．嵌入式系统原理及应用开发技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[37] SanDisk CompactFlash Memory Card Product Manual. SanDisk Corporation.2000
[38] SED1330F/1335F/1336F LCD Controller ICS Technical Manual. S-MOS ystems,Inc. September, 1995
[39] 李维提等．液晶显示应用技术．北京：电子工业出版社，2000
[40] ADS7843 Touch Screen Controller Technical Manual. Burr-Brown Corporation. 1998
[41] 李华等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1993
[42] MAX717～MAX721(3.3V Palmtop Computer and Flash Memory Power Supply Regulator) Datasheet. Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 1992
[43] MAX629(28V, Low-Power, High-Voltage,Boost or Inverting DC-DCConverter) Datasheet. Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 1998
[44] 王幸之等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000
[45] D. Anderson, Universal Serial Bus System Architecture, Mindshare, 2000
[46] EZ-USB Technical Reference Manual Version 1.9. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation. 2000
[47] EZ-USB Series 2100 Getting Started Development Kit. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation. 2001
[48] S3C44BOX Risc Microprocessor Preliminary Product Overview. Samsung Electronics CO., Ltd. 2001
[49] J．Labrosse著．邵贝贝译．UCIOS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京；中国电力出版社，2001
[50] 徐爱钧，彭秀华．单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2001