地下水信息管理系统的设计与开发
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摘要
地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,在我国北方地区及许多城市,地下水是重要的供水水源,对当地的经济社会发展起着十分重要的作用。加快地下水资源管理工作的现代化、信息化建设,已是当务之急。地下水信息管理系统的开发和应用,将为实现地下水资源的动态监测、调查和评价、可持续利用和优化配置、不断提高地下水资源的管理水平,也将对水资源的持续利用和优化配置的及时决策提供技术支撑。
本文阐述了地下水信息管理系统国内外研究现状,设计了系统功能结构,并详细分析、描述了每一个子系统的功能需求和地下水参数与资源量计算、组件式二次开发、地下水动态预测模型、等值线自动生成四个需求要点。在此基础上进行了系统结构和数据库设计,论述系统实现的网络环境、开发和运行环境。系统开发选择以C/S结构为基础的类三层结构和模块化的开发方式。采用了关系模型建库的方法建立了四个应用数据库。最后实现了系统四个需求要点和二次评价汇总、地下水监测信息管理和地下水资源预警的主要功能。
通过系统实现和实际应用,本系统实现了地下水资源量、水文地质参数的自动计算功能;二次评价成果自动汇总、实时查询以及可视化展示功能,地图的管理和分析功能,地下水信息的统计、分析和水位、水量预测功能,地下水监测井空间信息和属性信息的管理功能,以及等值线的自动生成等功能。
Groundwater is an important part of water resources. In north China and many cities, groundwater is acted as the major water resources supplier and plays an important role for the implementation of local economy and society. So it is an urgent affair to accelerate the establishment of groundwater management towards modernization and informatization. The implementation and application of groundwater information management system would provide technical support not only for the realization of groundwater dynamic monitoring, investigation, evaluation, sustainable utilization, optimized configration and the management level, but also for the real-time decision of water resources utilization and configration.In this paper, firstly the present situation of the domestic and overseas researches of the hypogeal water information management system is expatiated on, then the function structure of the system is designed, the function requirement of each sub-system, the computation of resource capacity and the hypogeal water parameter, the secondary implementation based on component, the dynamic forecast model of hypogeal water, and the four special requirements of automatic creation of isoline are clearly analyzed and described. On the basis of the researches mentioned above, the structure of the system and the database are designed, and the environment of the system network, and the environment of the implementation and the function are discussed: The implementation of this system chooses the structure of C/S as the similar three-layer structure and modularized ways of implementation. The method of relation model is adopted to create four application RDS. finally the main function as the following, four special requirements of the system, the collection of secondary estimate, the hypogeal water inspection information management system and the hypogeal water resource forecast and warning are implemented.Through the systematic realization and actual application, this system achieved the following function: the automatic computation of groundwater resources quantity and hydor-geological parameters, the automatic summarizing of the second-round evaluation products, the real-time inquiry and the visible show, the management and analysis for maps, the statistics and analysis and the water-level forecast of groundwater information, the management of spatial and attribute information of the groundwater monitoring wells, and the auto-generating of contours.
本文阐述了地下水信息管理系统国内外研究现状,设计了系统功能结构,并详细分析、描述了每一个子系统的功能需求和地下水参数与资源量计算、组件式二次开发、地下水动态预测模型、等值线自动生成四个需求要点。在此基础上进行了系统结构和数据库设计,论述系统实现的网络环境、开发和运行环境。系统开发选择以C/S结构为基础的类三层结构和模块化的开发方式。采用了关系模型建库的方法建立了四个应用数据库。最后实现了系统四个需求要点和二次评价汇总、地下水监测信息管理和地下水资源预警的主要功能。
通过系统实现和实际应用,本系统实现了地下水资源量、水文地质参数的自动计算功能;二次评价成果自动汇总、实时查询以及可视化展示功能,地图的管理和分析功能,地下水信息的统计、分析和水位、水量预测功能,地下水监测井空间信息和属性信息的管理功能,以及等值线的自动生成等功能。
Groundwater is an important part of water resources. In north China and many cities, groundwater is acted as the major water resources supplier and plays an important role for the implementation of local economy and society. So it is an urgent affair to accelerate the establishment of groundwater management towards modernization and informatization. The implementation and application of groundwater information management system would provide technical support not only for the realization of groundwater dynamic monitoring, investigation, evaluation, sustainable utilization, optimized configration and the management level, but also for the real-time decision of water resources utilization and configration.In this paper, firstly the present situation of the domestic and overseas researches of the hypogeal water information management system is expatiated on, then the function structure of the system is designed, the function requirement of each sub-system, the computation of resource capacity and the hypogeal water parameter, the secondary implementation based on component, the dynamic forecast model of hypogeal water, and the four special requirements of automatic creation of isoline are clearly analyzed and described. On the basis of the researches mentioned above, the structure of the system and the database are designed, and the environment of the system network, and the environment of the implementation and the function are discussed: The implementation of this system chooses the structure of C/S as the similar three-layer structure and modularized ways of implementation. The method of relation model is adopted to create four application RDS. finally the main function as the following, four special requirements of the system, the collection of secondary estimate, the hypogeal water inspection information management system and the hypogeal water resource forecast and warning are implemented.Through the systematic realization and actual application, this system achieved the following function: the automatic computation of groundwater resources quantity and hydor-geological parameters, the automatic summarizing of the second-round evaluation products, the real-time inquiry and the visible show, the management and analysis for maps, the statistics and analysis and the water-level forecast of groundwater information, the management of spatial and attribute information of the groundwater monitoring wells, and the auto-generating of contours.
引文
[1] 刘南,刘守议,地理信息系统[M],北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[2] Kadi E L, O loufa, Eltahan, et al. Use ofGeograph ic Info2 rmation System in Site2specific Groundwater Modeling[J]. Groundwater, 1994, 32(4): 617～625.
[3] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.GIS在地下水研究中的应用进展[J].水文地质工程地质, 2003,30(2):94～98.
[4] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.基于GIS的地下水资源评价[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,43(8):25～36.
[5] 宫辉力,李京,陈秀万,等.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):17～22.
[6] 李门楼,胡成,陈植华.河北平原区域地下水资源决策支持系统设计与开发[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2002,27(2):222～226.
[7] 宫辉力,李京,陈秀万,等.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):17～22.
[8] 高建国,宫辉力等.黄河流域地下水资源网络地下信息系统的设计与实现[J].技术科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅰ):87-94
[9] 戴长雷,迟宝明等.基于GIS的地下水监测管理信息系统(GM SM IS)分析与设计[J].遥感技术与应用,2005(12):625-628
[10] 戴长雷,迟宝明等.基于GIS的地下水信息管理系统分析[J].世界地质,2004(6):158-162
[11] 邓吉秋,鲍光淑.基于GIS的湖南省国土资源遥感综合调查信息系统分析与设计[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,200,3,34(2);192-195
[12] 马新辉,文斌.基于GIS的流域环境信息系统设计与开发------以江苏省流域环境信息系统为例[J].计算机应用研究,2000(8):106-113.
[13] 宋立松,虞开森.基于地下信息系统的水文资料整编系统设计[J].水科学进展,2001,12(4)L541-546[]万洪涛,周成虎,万庆,等.地理信息系统与水文模型集成研究述评[J].水科学进展,2001,12(4):560～568.
[14] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.GIS在地下水研究中的应用进展[J].水文地质工程地质,2003,30(2):94～98.
[15] 陈崇成,王饮敏,汪小钦,等.空间决策支持系统中模型库的生成及与GIS的紧密集 成——以厦门市环境管理空间决策支持系统为例[J].遥感学报,2002,6(3):168～172.
[16] MASUMOTO, Shinji. Three-Dimensional Contouring of Grid Data by Personal Computer. 情报地质[J], 1986(11): 167-175
[17] Kadi E L, O loufa, Eltahan, et al. U se of Geographic Info2 rmation System in Site2specific Groundwater Modeling[J]. Groundwater, 1994, 32(4):617～625.
[2] Kadi E L, O loufa, Eltahan, et al. Use ofGeograph ic Info2 rmation System in Site2specific Groundwater Modeling[J]. Groundwater, 1994, 32(4): 617～625.
[3] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.GIS在地下水研究中的应用进展[J].水文地质工程地质, 2003,30(2):94～98.
[4] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.基于GIS的地下水资源评价[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,43(8):25～36.
[5] 宫辉力,李京,陈秀万,等.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):17～22.
[6] 李门楼,胡成,陈植华.河北平原区域地下水资源决策支持系统设计与开发[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2002,27(2):222～226.
[7] 宫辉力,李京,陈秀万,等.地理信息系统的模型库研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):17～22.
[8] 高建国,宫辉力等.黄河流域地下水资源网络地下信息系统的设计与实现[J].技术科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅰ):87-94
[9] 戴长雷,迟宝明等.基于GIS的地下水监测管理信息系统(GM SM IS)分析与设计[J].遥感技术与应用,2005(12):625-628
[10] 戴长雷,迟宝明等.基于GIS的地下水信息管理系统分析[J].世界地质,2004(6):158-162
[11] 邓吉秋,鲍光淑.基于GIS的湖南省国土资源遥感综合调查信息系统分析与设计[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,200,3,34(2);192-195
[12] 马新辉,文斌.基于GIS的流域环境信息系统设计与开发------以江苏省流域环境信息系统为例[J].计算机应用研究,2000(8):106-113.
[13] 宋立松,虞开森.基于地下信息系统的水文资料整编系统设计[J].水科学进展,2001,12(4)L541-546[]万洪涛,周成虎,万庆,等.地理信息系统与水文模型集成研究述评[J].水科学进展,2001,12(4):560～568.
[14] 魏加华,王光谦,李慈君,等.GIS在地下水研究中的应用进展[J].水文地质工程地质,2003,30(2):94～98.
[15] 陈崇成,王饮敏,汪小钦,等.空间决策支持系统中模型库的生成及与GIS的紧密集 成——以厦门市环境管理空间决策支持系统为例[J].遥感学报,2002,6(3):168～172.
[16] MASUMOTO, Shinji. Three-Dimensional Contouring of Grid Data by Personal Computer. 情报地质[J], 1986(11): 167-175
[17] Kadi E L, O loufa, Eltahan, et al. U se of Geographic Info2 rmation System in Site2specific Groundwater Modeling[J]. Groundwater, 1994, 32(4):617～625.