基于JMX的监控系统研究与实现
摘要
网络管理和分布式技术的发展，以及J2EE技术的广泛应用推动了JMX技术的形成。JMX的全称是Java Management Extensions，由Java CommunityProcess(JCP)制定，为基于Java平台的软件和网络设备管理提供统一的管理框架。
本文首先对JMX体系结构概要分析，然后，针对基于JMX技术为基础构建监控系统应用涉及到的各个层面展开详细分析，这些层面包括设备层，代理层，分布式服务层。针对设备层，作者重点分析了标准MBean和动态MBean这两种类型的组件，然后，引入JMX通知模型。在代理层，作者重点分析了JMX代理层提供的四种类型的服务，给出了动态装载服务的时序图。在分布式服务层，主要分析了连接器和协议适配器的作用，比较了两种组件之间的区别。在对JMX各个组件详细论述的基础上总结了JMX在实际应用中的优势。
文中作者采用JMX的三层体系架构，结合J2E巳其它技术为现有的基于Java平台的Web服务器及其内部组件和Web应用程序提供了一个可管理功能，实时的显示受控资源的状态信息，当受控资源的状态出现异常的时候，该监控系统通过发送电子邮件或发送短消息方式报警。系统使用JMX代理层收集受控资源状态信息。JMI代理层和受控资源运行在同一台机器上。通过JMX分布式服务层组件把代理层收集到的受控资源状态信息发送到监控系统的监控应用客户端管理程序。监控应用客户端管理程序接收监控应用代理端发送过来的受控资源状态信息，并对信息作进一步处理。系统涉及到的其它技术包括任务调度框架、Web服务和Java Mail应用编程接口。该监控系统具有良好的扩展性和跨平台性。
Both the development of internet technology and distributing technology and the large scope of J2EE technology has been used accelerate the formation of JMX technology. The full name of JMX is Java Management Extensions. JMX is established by Java Community Process (JEP). JMX provides a uniform architecture supporting for monitoring and management of software and network devices based on java platform.
In this thesis, first of all, the author gives a brief summarization of JMX architecture. Then, the author gives a detail analysis of every layer of constructing an application system based on JMX architecture. The content contains instrumentation layer, agent layer, distributed services layer. The author put emphasis upon standard MBean and dynamic MBean within the instrumentation layer. And the author has introduced a notification model within the JMX architecture. When writing about the agent layer, the author put emphasis upon four types of services provided by JMX Agent layer. Furthermore, the author gives a detail sequence diagram on dynamic loading service. When writing about the distributed services layer, the author explains the function of connector and protocol adapter within the distributed services layer, and describes the deference between connector and protocol adapter by comparing the two components. In this thesis, the author provided much more detail analysis of every component within the JMX architecture, Then the author summarizes the advantages of JMX technology used in practice.
In this thesis, the author established a monitor system based on the JMX architecture and combined with other J2EE technologies, which provided the management capabilities for Web Server, its inner components and Web application based on Java Platform. The monitor system provided some functions, such as displaying states about the resource which has been monitored, and sending alerts by E-Mail or mobile phone short message once some exceptions occurred to the resource. In this monitor system, the JMX agent layer takes on responsibility with gathering the resource information. Usually, JNX agent is running on the same machine with the resource. And then JMX agent will send all information from local host to the remote client application system which has responsibility with handling the information and taking some actions for alerting if necessary. This monitor system has adopted some other J2EE technologies, included Job Schedule Framework, Web Service and Java Mail APIs. This monitor system can be easily extended and has platform independent advantages.
本文首先对JMX体系结构概要分析，然后，针对基于JMX技术为基础构建监控系统应用涉及到的各个层面展开详细分析，这些层面包括设备层，代理层，分布式服务层。针对设备层，作者重点分析了标准MBean和动态MBean这两种类型的组件，然后，引入JMX通知模型。在代理层，作者重点分析了JMX代理层提供的四种类型的服务，给出了动态装载服务的时序图。在分布式服务层，主要分析了连接器和协议适配器的作用，比较了两种组件之间的区别。在对JMX各个组件详细论述的基础上总结了JMX在实际应用中的优势。
文中作者采用JMX的三层体系架构，结合J2E巳其它技术为现有的基于Java平台的Web服务器及其内部组件和Web应用程序提供了一个可管理功能，实时的显示受控资源的状态信息，当受控资源的状态出现异常的时候，该监控系统通过发送电子邮件或发送短消息方式报警。系统使用JMX代理层收集受控资源状态信息。JMI代理层和受控资源运行在同一台机器上。通过JMX分布式服务层组件把代理层收集到的受控资源状态信息发送到监控系统的监控应用客户端管理程序。监控应用客户端管理程序接收监控应用代理端发送过来的受控资源状态信息，并对信息作进一步处理。系统涉及到的其它技术包括任务调度框架、Web服务和Java Mail应用编程接口。该监控系统具有良好的扩展性和跨平台性。
Both the development of internet technology and distributing technology and the large scope of J2EE technology has been used accelerate the formation of JMX technology. The full name of JMX is Java Management Extensions. JMX is established by Java Community Process (JEP). JMX provides a uniform architecture supporting for monitoring and management of software and network devices based on java platform.
In this thesis, first of all, the author gives a brief summarization of JMX architecture. Then, the author gives a detail analysis of every layer of constructing an application system based on JMX architecture. The content contains instrumentation layer, agent layer, distributed services layer. The author put emphasis upon standard MBean and dynamic MBean within the instrumentation layer. And the author has introduced a notification model within the JMX architecture. When writing about the agent layer, the author put emphasis upon four types of services provided by JMX Agent layer. Furthermore, the author gives a detail sequence diagram on dynamic loading service. When writing about the distributed services layer, the author explains the function of connector and protocol adapter within the distributed services layer, and describes the deference between connector and protocol adapter by comparing the two components. In this thesis, the author provided much more detail analysis of every component within the JMX architecture, Then the author summarizes the advantages of JMX technology used in practice.
In this thesis, the author established a monitor system based on the JMX architecture and combined with other J2EE technologies, which provided the management capabilities for Web Server, its inner components and Web application based on Java Platform. The monitor system provided some functions, such as displaying states about the resource which has been monitored, and sending alerts by E-Mail or mobile phone short message once some exceptions occurred to the resource. In this monitor system, the JMX agent layer takes on responsibility with gathering the resource information. Usually, JNX agent is running on the same machine with the resource. And then JMX agent will send all information from local host to the remote client application system which has responsibility with handling the information and taking some actions for alerting if necessary. This monitor system has adopted some other J2EE technologies, included Job Schedule Framework, Web Service and Java Mail APIs. This monitor system can be easily extended and has platform independent advantages.
引文
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[2] Kazimierz Balos, Krzysztof Zielinski. Software Tool Construction for Deployment JMX Services in Distributed restbeds, Institute of Computer Science. 2006,30(059)
[3] Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8.1 2005Q1 Developer's Guide. Sun Microsystems, Inc. 2005
[4] IBM Tivoli Monitoring for Network Performance, IBM Corporation. 2002
[5] Agent Toolkit Java Edition 6. AdventNet, Inc. 2006
[6] Bz Research LLC .Third Annual Java Use and Awareness Study 2004. SD Times .2004
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[8] Apusic应用服务器5.0技术白皮书．金蝶中间件有限公司．2007
[9] Dapeng Wang，Der Manager．JMX-Java Management eXtension im Blick．Java Magazin．2002．1
[10] 王建新，杨世凤，史永江，童官军．远程监控技术的发展现状和趋势．国外电子测量技术．2005，24(4)：9-12
[11] 孙德明，何正嘉．快速构建基于Web的远程测控系统．计算机工程与应用，2003，(23)
[12] ReillyDavid，Reil lyMichael．Java网络编程与分布式计算．机械工业出版社．2003
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[15] Eric Fleury. Building a JMX management interface inside OSGi. INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. 2003，5025
[16] 苑林英，刘智国，杨进．动态MBean的原理及其对可变资源进行管理的应用．航空计算技术．2005，(02)
[17] Design Patterns for JMX and Application Manageability. Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. 2005
[18] Enterprise Management with Spring and JMX. Interface21 Ltd. 2007.
[19] Todd Guay, Venkat .Tummalapalli. Oracle Enterprise Manager Specification, 2003
[20] Java~(TM) Management Extensions Instrumentation and Agent Specification, versionl. 2. Sun Microsvstems. Inc.
[21] 埃克尔，侯捷．J3V3编程思想．机械工业出版社，2004
[22] 陈锦辉，王景皓．XML与JAVA程序设计大全．中国铁道出版社．2002
[23] 黄立慧，郭洪，李青虹．基于JMX的以太网多Agent的网络管理研究．福州大学学报(自然科学版)．2004，(zl)
[24] 吴越胜，孙岩．Java现代软件开发技术．清华大学出版社．2005
[25] 林天峰．基于JMX的入侵检测系统。计算机时代．2004，(06)
[26] 王通．JMX资源管理系统及其在J2EE中的应用．微处理机．2006，(05)
[27] 沈莹．JAVA事件处理指南．清华大学出版社，2002
[28] 鲁斯，周兆确Java数据对象．人民邮电出版社，2004
[29] 何胜锋，李云春，李巍．面向分布式应用网管系统的研究与实现．计算机与数字工程．2005，(09)
[30] 吴亚峰，于复兴，索依娜．设计模式在JMX技术中的应用．河北理工学院学报．2006，(04)
[31] 张涛，何玲玲．JMX规范的原理与应用．制造业自动化．2004，(02)
[32] 曹敬，刘永锋．JMX框架下SNMP适配器的实现与应用．计算机应用与软件．2006，(12)
[33] 王意洁．面向对象的数据库技术．电子工业出版社．2003
[34] 杨柳．用JMX实现可配置的动态数据处理流程．计算机应用与软件．2004，(02)
[35] 杨文志．深入Linux建构与管理．中国青年出版社．2001
[36] 孙明．JMX动态管理服务的研究与设计．电子科技大学学报．2002
[37] 张毅斌，吕丽珺，刘辉．用JMX实现Web应用中XML配置文件的管理器．电脑知识与技术(学术交流)．2006，(06)
[38] 阎宏．Java与模式．电子工业出版社．2002
[39] 黄罡．基于反射式软件中间件的运行时软件体系结构．中国科学E辑技术科学．2003，(11)
[40] 张保稳．一种基于JMX的网格服务实现框架．计算机应用与软件．2004，(08)
[41] 王概凯．Servlet Container的分析与设计．电脑开发与应用．2004，(05)
[42] Shaffer，Bretchko，Pavel．数据结构与算法分析．电子工业出版社，2002
[43] Michael Main. Data structures and other objects using Java=数据结构：Java语言描述．电子工业出版社，2006
[44] Ahmed，Khawar Zaman．Developing enterprise Java applications with J2EE and UML．科学出版社，2004
[45] Horstmann，Cornell，Gary．Java 2核心技术卷Ⅱ，高级特性．人民邮电出版社．2006
[46] Alur，John Crupi，Dan Malks．Alur，Deepak．J2EE核心模式．科学出版社．2004
[47] 张瑜，陈根才．CIM在配置管理系统中的应用研究．计算机系统应用．2005，(11)
[48] 曹建民，曹军梅．Java RMI的原理和实现方法．延安大学学报(自然科学版)．2001，(03)
[49] 姜宁．基于CIM的企业应用服务管理系统研究与实现．计算机工程与应用．2004，(01)
[50] 钟悠，陈绍炜，赵永辉．一种可视化适配器开发工具的研究与实现．科学技术与工程．2007，(05)
[51] SavitchWalter．Absolute Java．电子工业出版社，2005
[52] 李建成，郝筱松．Java语言与面向对象程序设计．西安交通大学出版社，2004
[53] 阿林顿，马波．Enterprise Java with UML中文版．机械工业出版社，2005
[2] Kazimierz Balos, Krzysztof Zielinski. Software Tool Construction for Deployment JMX Services in Distributed restbeds, Institute of Computer Science. 2006,30(059)
[3] Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8.1 2005Q1 Developer's Guide. Sun Microsystems, Inc. 2005
[4] IBM Tivoli Monitoring for Network Performance, IBM Corporation. 2002
[5] Agent Toolkit Java Edition 6. AdventNet, Inc. 2006
[6] Bz Research LLC .Third Annual Java Use and Awareness Study 2004. SD Times .2004
[7] AliAkbar，Keyur．BEA WebLogic Server管理指南．机械工业出版社．2003
[8] Apusic应用服务器5.0技术白皮书．金蝶中间件有限公司．2007
[9] Dapeng Wang，Der Manager．JMX-Java Management eXtension im Blick．Java Magazin．2002．1
[10] 王建新，杨世凤，史永江，童官军．远程监控技术的发展现状和趋势．国外电子测量技术．2005，24(4)：9-12
[11] 孙德明，何正嘉．快速构建基于Web的远程测控系统．计算机工程与应用，2003，(23)
[12] ReillyDavid，Reil lyMichael．Java网络编程与分布式计算．机械工业出版社．2003
[13] Java~(TM) Management Extensions (JMXTM) Specification, version 1.4. Sun Microsystems, Inc.
[14] Java~(TM) Management Extensions (JMXTM) Remote API Tutorial. Sun Microsystems, Inc.
[15] Eric Fleury. Building a JMX management interface inside OSGi. INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. 2003，5025
[16] 苑林英，刘智国，杨进．动态MBean的原理及其对可变资源进行管理的应用．航空计算技术．2005，(02)
[17] Design Patterns for JMX and Application Manageability. Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. 2005
[18] Enterprise Management with Spring and JMX. Interface21 Ltd. 2007.
[19] Todd Guay, Venkat .Tummalapalli. Oracle Enterprise Manager Specification, 2003
[20] Java~(TM) Management Extensions Instrumentation and Agent Specification, versionl. 2. Sun Microsvstems. Inc.
[21] 埃克尔，侯捷．J3V3编程思想．机械工业出版社，2004
[22] 陈锦辉，王景皓．XML与JAVA程序设计大全．中国铁道出版社．2002
[23] 黄立慧，郭洪，李青虹．基于JMX的以太网多Agent的网络管理研究．福州大学学报(自然科学版)．2004，(zl)
[24] 吴越胜，孙岩．Java现代软件开发技术．清华大学出版社．2005
[25] 林天峰．基于JMX的入侵检测系统。计算机时代．2004，(06)
[26] 王通．JMX资源管理系统及其在J2EE中的应用．微处理机．2006，(05)
[27] 沈莹．JAVA事件处理指南．清华大学出版社，2002
[28] 鲁斯，周兆确Java数据对象．人民邮电出版社，2004
[29] 何胜锋，李云春，李巍．面向分布式应用网管系统的研究与实现．计算机与数字工程．2005，(09)
[30] 吴亚峰，于复兴，索依娜．设计模式在JMX技术中的应用．河北理工学院学报．2006，(04)
[31] 张涛，何玲玲．JMX规范的原理与应用．制造业自动化．2004，(02)
[32] 曹敬，刘永锋．JMX框架下SNMP适配器的实现与应用．计算机应用与软件．2006，(12)
[33] 王意洁．面向对象的数据库技术．电子工业出版社．2003
[34] 杨柳．用JMX实现可配置的动态数据处理流程．计算机应用与软件．2004，(02)
[35] 杨文志．深入Linux建构与管理．中国青年出版社．2001
[36] 孙明．JMX动态管理服务的研究与设计．电子科技大学学报．2002
[37] 张毅斌，吕丽珺，刘辉．用JMX实现Web应用中XML配置文件的管理器．电脑知识与技术(学术交流)．2006，(06)
[38] 阎宏．Java与模式．电子工业出版社．2002
[39] 黄罡．基于反射式软件中间件的运行时软件体系结构．中国科学E辑技术科学．2003，(11)
[40] 张保稳．一种基于JMX的网格服务实现框架．计算机应用与软件．2004，(08)
[41] 王概凯．Servlet Container的分析与设计．电脑开发与应用．2004，(05)
[42] Shaffer，Bretchko，Pavel．数据结构与算法分析．电子工业出版社，2002
[43] Michael Main. Data structures and other objects using Java=数据结构：Java语言描述．电子工业出版社，2006
[44] Ahmed，Khawar Zaman．Developing enterprise Java applications with J2EE and UML．科学出版社，2004
[45] Horstmann，Cornell，Gary．Java 2核心技术卷Ⅱ，高级特性．人民邮电出版社．2006
[46] Alur，John Crupi，Dan Malks．Alur，Deepak．J2EE核心模式．科学出版社．2004
[47] 张瑜，陈根才．CIM在配置管理系统中的应用研究．计算机系统应用．2005，(11)
[48] 曹建民，曹军梅．Java RMI的原理和实现方法．延安大学学报(自然科学版)．2001，(03)
[49] 姜宁．基于CIM的企业应用服务管理系统研究与实现．计算机工程与应用．2004，(01)
[50] 钟悠，陈绍炜，赵永辉．一种可视化适配器开发工具的研究与实现．科学技术与工程．2007，(05)
[51] SavitchWalter．Absolute Java．电子工业出版社，2005
[52] 李建成，郝筱松．Java语言与面向对象程序设计．西安交通大学出版社，2004
[53] 阿林顿，马波．Enterprise Java with UML中文版．机械工业出版社，2005