混合动力电动汽车动力合成与切换装置工作特性的研究
摘要
混合动力汽车有至少两个动力源,一般混合动力电动汽车有一个发动机和一个电动机来提供动力。动力合成与切换装置是用在混合动力电动汽车上以将来自不同动力源的能量进行整合与分配的机械装置。动力合成与切换装置作为整车传动系统中重要的一环,它的性能直接影响到了车辆运行的状况和整车性能。本文研究的动力合成与切换装置的核心是一套行星齿轮系统,它能实现不同输入转速和动力的合成,有可靠的能量分流,能量流方向的变更而且结构紧凑,方便控制,而且有效,可靠,它与传统的动力传动技术紧密结合,能支持多种工作模式。
本文以混合动力电动汽车动力合成与切换装置为主要研究对象,研究了运动学、动力学特性,分不同工作模式进行了动态仿真分析,并进行了混合动力电动汽车仿真,对其选择控制策略及混合动力电动汽车其它部件的选型,为后续该动力合成与切换装置的进一步研究提供一定参考和依据,同时为该类结构工作特性的研究提供参考和思路。
本文研究的并联式混合动力汽车用动力合成与切换装置的核心是一套行星齿轮系统。因此首先介绍了行星齿轮传动,并从行星齿轮传动特点出发分析了动力合成与切换装置的传动参数及转速输出特性。
介绍了齿轮系统的动力学研究方法和目标及行星轮系动力学研究的概况。结合动力合成与切换装置结构特点采用建立等效力学模型的方法,分不同工作模式对动力合成与切换装置进行了动力学分析,得出了不同模式下系统的固有特性和动态响应。
在SolidWorks中建立了动力合成与切换装置的三维模型,运用虚拟样机技术进行仿真分析,选用ADAMS软件作为虚拟样机分析软件。对不同的工作模式进行了输入输出转速分析,及齿轮动态性能分析。
最后,根据动力合成与切换装置的设计指标,给出了混合动力电动汽车主要动力部件的选型及运行的控制策略,在ADVISOR2002中建立了混合动力驱动模型并在该平台下进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明满足PHEV的要求。
The mix power automobile has at least two power supplies. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) generally has an engine and an electric motor to provide power. The power synthesizes and cuts installation is a set of mechanism which is used to unite and split the power for different energy sources above HEV. As an important part of vehicle transmission, the power synthesizes and cuts installment characteristics have effect on the whole running status and performances. The power synthesizes and cuts installation in this paper is a set of planet gear system, it can unit rotate speed or power from different inputs and has a reliable energy cut, moreover the energy flux direction change the structure is compact, facilitates the control, moreover effective, reliable. It can support many kinds of working Pattern when unite with the traditional power drive technology.
This paper made some about the power synthesizes and cuts installment of HEV. The specification is as follows: kinematics and dynamics analysis, simulation analysis, vehicle simulation according to different modes and providing main components selection and the control strategy. This can be references and basis for the latter and further research, at the same time provide ways for studying the same kind installation.
As the power synthesizes and cuts installation in this paper is a set of planet gear system, the article introduces planetary gear transmission first, then analysis the drive parameters and rotate speed output characteristics of the power synthesizes and cuts installation, on the basis of this.
The paper introduces methods and object for studying gear system dynamics and the general situation of planetary gear system studying. The paper makes some dynamic analysis for the power synthesizes and cuts installation by establishing equivalent mechanical model and obtains stiffness and dynamic responses under the condition of different working states.
3D model for the power synthesizes and cuts installation is established in SolidWorks. Using virtual prototyping technology software ADAMS to simulate the input-output speed and gears dynamic performances.
Finally, the control strategy、main power components selection are given out according to the power synthesizes and cuts installation design index. The whole simulation models are established based on ADVISOR2002, and simulation analysis is presented.
本文以混合动力电动汽车动力合成与切换装置为主要研究对象,研究了运动学、动力学特性,分不同工作模式进行了动态仿真分析,并进行了混合动力电动汽车仿真,对其选择控制策略及混合动力电动汽车其它部件的选型,为后续该动力合成与切换装置的进一步研究提供一定参考和依据,同时为该类结构工作特性的研究提供参考和思路。
本文研究的并联式混合动力汽车用动力合成与切换装置的核心是一套行星齿轮系统。因此首先介绍了行星齿轮传动,并从行星齿轮传动特点出发分析了动力合成与切换装置的传动参数及转速输出特性。
介绍了齿轮系统的动力学研究方法和目标及行星轮系动力学研究的概况。结合动力合成与切换装置结构特点采用建立等效力学模型的方法,分不同工作模式对动力合成与切换装置进行了动力学分析,得出了不同模式下系统的固有特性和动态响应。
在SolidWorks中建立了动力合成与切换装置的三维模型,运用虚拟样机技术进行仿真分析,选用ADAMS软件作为虚拟样机分析软件。对不同的工作模式进行了输入输出转速分析,及齿轮动态性能分析。
最后,根据动力合成与切换装置的设计指标,给出了混合动力电动汽车主要动力部件的选型及运行的控制策略,在ADVISOR2002中建立了混合动力驱动模型并在该平台下进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明满足PHEV的要求。
The mix power automobile has at least two power supplies. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) generally has an engine and an electric motor to provide power. The power synthesizes and cuts installation is a set of mechanism which is used to unite and split the power for different energy sources above HEV. As an important part of vehicle transmission, the power synthesizes and cuts installment characteristics have effect on the whole running status and performances. The power synthesizes and cuts installation in this paper is a set of planet gear system, it can unit rotate speed or power from different inputs and has a reliable energy cut, moreover the energy flux direction change the structure is compact, facilitates the control, moreover effective, reliable. It can support many kinds of working Pattern when unite with the traditional power drive technology.
This paper made some about the power synthesizes and cuts installment of HEV. The specification is as follows: kinematics and dynamics analysis, simulation analysis, vehicle simulation according to different modes and providing main components selection and the control strategy. This can be references and basis for the latter and further research, at the same time provide ways for studying the same kind installation.
As the power synthesizes and cuts installation in this paper is a set of planet gear system, the article introduces planetary gear transmission first, then analysis the drive parameters and rotate speed output characteristics of the power synthesizes and cuts installation, on the basis of this.
The paper introduces methods and object for studying gear system dynamics and the general situation of planetary gear system studying. The paper makes some dynamic analysis for the power synthesizes and cuts installation by establishing equivalent mechanical model and obtains stiffness and dynamic responses under the condition of different working states.
3D model for the power synthesizes and cuts installation is established in SolidWorks. Using virtual prototyping technology software ADAMS to simulate the input-output speed and gears dynamic performances.
Finally, the control strategy、main power components selection are given out according to the power synthesizes and cuts installation design index. The whole simulation models are established based on ADVISOR2002, and simulation analysis is presented.
引文
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[12]Cho Sungtae,Ahn,Kukhyun Lee,Jan Moo.Proceedings of the Institution of Mschanical Engineers[J].Journal of Automobiles Engineering,2006,220(1):1445-1454
[13]李润方,王建军.齿轮系统动力学.北京:科学出版社,1996.5-8
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[20]施洪生,滕键.SolildWorks中行星齿轮传动的快速装配.中国制造业信息化,2006.11
[21]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社.2008.8
[22]陈令国.行星齿轮传动系统的建模与仿真研究:[硕士学位论文].辽宁工程技术大学机械制造及其自动化,2007
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[24]刘春景,胡天祥.基于Pro/E与ADAMS行星轮系仿真研究.机械工程师,2007.7
[25]梁晓峰,陈艳峰.行星齿轮减速器建模与运动学仿真.机械,2008.5
[26]李金玉,勾志践,李媛.基于ADAMS的齿轮啮合过程中齿轮力的动态仿真.设计与研究,2005.3(32):15-17
[27]黄晓燕.多点成形压力机多轴齿轮传动调形系统的动力学仿真.吉林大学硕士学位论文.2005.6.
[28]占文锋,杜群贵,任少云等.渐开线行星齿轮啮合力的动态仿真.机械设计与制造,2007.8
[29]周少颖.混合动力合成与切换装置的速比与动力匹配规律研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2007
[30]刘磊,刚宪约,王树凤等.汽车仿真软件ADVISOR.农业装备与车辆工程,2007.2
[31]孟亚鹏,金国栋,朱舟.并联混合动力电动汽车的转矩控制策略.汽车科技,2004.11(6):24-26
[32]Hauer K-H.Analysis tool for fuel cell vehicle hardware and software (controls)with an application to fuel economy comparisons of alternative system designs.PhD Dissertation,University of California Davis,USA,2001
[33]段岩波,张武高,黄震.混合动力汽车模糊逻辑控制策略仿真.内燃机工程,2003.24(2)
[34]吕胜利,左曙光.并联混合动力汽车控制策略的综合分析.上海汽车,2005.7
[35]邓亚东,高海鸥,王仲范.并联式混合动力电动汽车控制策略研究.武汉大学学报(工学版),2004.37(3):1391-44
[36]周春国,冯莉,刘凯等.并联混合动力汽车动力分配装置的建模与仿真.西安理工大学学报,2006.22(1):54-57
[37]吴彤峰,过磊,李新春等.基于ADVISOR的混合动力汽车总成参数选择与仿真.河南大学学报,2006.36(3):97-100
[38]陈萍.并联混合动力汽车动力总成控制策略的仿真研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林大学动力机械及工程系,2007
[39]王利花.并联混合动力汽车用行星齿轮机构的研究:[硕士学位论文]西安理工大学车辆工程系,2008
[40]张翔,赵韩,钱立军等.电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR的应用.交通科技与经济,2004.3:40-43
[41]Lin.J.,R.G.parker,Analytical characterization of the unique properties of planetary gear free vibration.Journal of vibration and acoustics,1999.121:316-321
[42]Lin.J.,R.G.Parker,Structured vibration characteristics of planetary gears with unequally spaced planets.Journal of sound and vibration,2000.233:921-928
[43]A.Kahraman.Natural modes of planetary gear trains.Journal of sound and vibration,1994.173(1):125-130
[44]孙景惠,张久成,李渤仲,行星齿轮装置轴系的扭转振动模型分析,大连理工大学学报,1991,31(5):555-572
[45]杨建明,行星齿轮机构弹性动力学建模,桂林电子工业学院学报,2000,20(2):48-52
[46]parker.R.G.,V.agashe,and s.m.vijayakar,Dynamic response of a planetary gear system using a finite element/contact mechanics model,Journal of mechanical design,2000,122:305-311
[47]张建云,阮忠唐,丘大谋.2K-H行星齿轮减速器的动态特性分析.西安公路交通大学学报,1997.17(1):83-86
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[49]杨通强.斜齿行星传动动力学研究:[博士学位论文].天津大学机械设计与理论系,2003
[2]钟勇,钟志华,金秋谈等.一种新型HEV动力耦合器的ADAMS建模与仿真研究.汽车工程,2006.10
[3]黄贤广.林逸,何洪文等.混合动力汽车电动力耦合系统现状及发展趋势.上海汽车,2006.07
[4]饶振纲.行星齿轮传动设计.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.7
[5]赵福水,陶栋材,龙英等.混合动力汽车动力耦合系统结构与发展分析.湖南农机,2007.09
[6]杨为琛,孙逢春.混合电动汽车的技术现状.车辆与动力技术,2001.04
[7]Mehrdad Ehsani,Sebastien E.Gay.Modern Electric,Hybrid Electric,and Fuel Cell Vehicles.CRC Press,2005
[8]崔亚辉.功率分汇流行星传动的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,1998:7-18
[9]薛隆泉.行星式无级变速传动[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1997:14-19
[10]白钰枝.并联式混合动力汽车动力合成装置的研究:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学机械设计及理论系,2007
[11]崔丽,秦大同,石万凯.行星齿轮传动啮合效率分析.重庆大学学报,2006.03
[12]Cho Sungtae,Ahn,Kukhyun Lee,Jan Moo.Proceedings of the Institution of Mschanical Engineers[J].Journal of Automobiles Engineering,2006,220(1):1445-1454
[13]李润方,王建军.齿轮系统动力学.北京:科学出版社,1996.5-8
[14]张策.机械动力学[M].第2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:.
[15]赵桐.并联混合动力汽车环路传动系的建模与仿真[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006:.
[16]杨兰生等.关于行星齿轮效率计算通用程序的研究[M].哈尔滨科学技术大学学报,1986,11(1):1-13.
[17]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1989
[18]张志勇,徐彦琴.MATLAB教程—基于6.X版本.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.4
[19]高春芳,董淑兰.基于SolildWorks渐开线圆柱齿轮快速精确建模技术.科技资讯,2008.24
[20]施洪生,滕键.SolildWorks中行星齿轮传动的快速装配.中国制造业信息化,2006.11
[21]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社.2008.8
[22]陈令国.行星齿轮传动系统的建模与仿真研究:[硕士学位论文].辽宁工程技术大学机械制造及其自动化,2007
[23]孙中平.基于ADAMS的齿轮减速器动力学仿真.交通科技与经济,2007.4
[24]刘春景,胡天祥.基于Pro/E与ADAMS行星轮系仿真研究.机械工程师,2007.7
[25]梁晓峰,陈艳峰.行星齿轮减速器建模与运动学仿真.机械,2008.5
[26]李金玉,勾志践,李媛.基于ADAMS的齿轮啮合过程中齿轮力的动态仿真.设计与研究,2005.3(32):15-17
[27]黄晓燕.多点成形压力机多轴齿轮传动调形系统的动力学仿真.吉林大学硕士学位论文.2005.6.
[28]占文锋,杜群贵,任少云等.渐开线行星齿轮啮合力的动态仿真.机械设计与制造,2007.8
[29]周少颖.混合动力合成与切换装置的速比与动力匹配规律研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2007
[30]刘磊,刚宪约,王树凤等.汽车仿真软件ADVISOR.农业装备与车辆工程,2007.2
[31]孟亚鹏,金国栋,朱舟.并联混合动力电动汽车的转矩控制策略.汽车科技,2004.11(6):24-26
[32]Hauer K-H.Analysis tool for fuel cell vehicle hardware and software (controls)with an application to fuel economy comparisons of alternative system designs.PhD Dissertation,University of California Davis,USA,2001
[33]段岩波,张武高,黄震.混合动力汽车模糊逻辑控制策略仿真.内燃机工程,2003.24(2)
[34]吕胜利,左曙光.并联混合动力汽车控制策略的综合分析.上海汽车,2005.7
[35]邓亚东,高海鸥,王仲范.并联式混合动力电动汽车控制策略研究.武汉大学学报(工学版),2004.37(3):1391-44
[36]周春国,冯莉,刘凯等.并联混合动力汽车动力分配装置的建模与仿真.西安理工大学学报,2006.22(1):54-57
[37]吴彤峰,过磊,李新春等.基于ADVISOR的混合动力汽车总成参数选择与仿真.河南大学学报,2006.36(3):97-100
[38]陈萍.并联混合动力汽车动力总成控制策略的仿真研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林大学动力机械及工程系,2007
[39]王利花.并联混合动力汽车用行星齿轮机构的研究:[硕士学位论文]西安理工大学车辆工程系,2008
[40]张翔,赵韩,钱立军等.电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR的应用.交通科技与经济,2004.3:40-43
[41]Lin.J.,R.G.parker,Analytical characterization of the unique properties of planetary gear free vibration.Journal of vibration and acoustics,1999.121:316-321
[42]Lin.J.,R.G.Parker,Structured vibration characteristics of planetary gears with unequally spaced planets.Journal of sound and vibration,2000.233:921-928
[43]A.Kahraman.Natural modes of planetary gear trains.Journal of sound and vibration,1994.173(1):125-130
[44]孙景惠,张久成,李渤仲,行星齿轮装置轴系的扭转振动模型分析,大连理工大学学报,1991,31(5):555-572
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[46]parker.R.G.,V.agashe,and s.m.vijayakar,Dynamic response of a planetary gear system using a finite element/contact mechanics model,Journal of mechanical design,2000,122:305-311
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