蜂王浆中活性小分子物质的研究
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摘要
本论文应用动物药理学试验和气质联用仪分析,对蜂王浆中活性小分子物质的研究取得了以下两方面的结果。
     蜂王浆经水溶过滤制备的上清液然后再经葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex G-50柱分离的第一个峰组分、沸水浴加热7h后的蜂王浆上清液、蜂王浆上清液经过透析后的渗出液及加热7h后的渗出液对大鼠的血压均有降低效果而且对蛙腹直肌也有收缩效果,而蜂王浆上清液柱分离的其他三个峰组分和蜂王浆上清液经过透析后的透析液(透析袋里的溶液)对大鼠血压和蛙腹直肌没有明显效果,从而可以判断蜂王浆的降血压作用和对蛙腹直肌起收缩效果的有效物质是蜂王浆中的小分子物质。用气质联用仪分别对具有活性的各个组分进行了成分分析,从中发现各个活性组分中有几种相同的成分,而且可以判断这几种相同成分对热很稳定。它们是2-丁基-1-辛醇、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、3,5-二叔丁基苯酚、雪松醇(雪松脑、柏木脑)、1,2-苯二酸二异丁酯、1,2-苯二酸二丁酯。
     首次报道了浆蜂的蜂王浆中氨基酸的含量,并对其中几种稀有氨基酸进行了进一步的定量分析,结果发现:采用磺基水杨酸提取法对蜂王浆中鸟氨酸的提取率相对最高;采用酒精提取法对蜂王浆中γ-氨基丁酸和牛黄酸的提取率相对最高;采用盐酸提取法对蜂王浆中γ-氨基丁酸、鸟氨酸和牛黄酸的提取率相对都最低。
This paper studied partial small active molecule substances of the Royal Jelly (RJ), by means of pharmacological experiments and GC/MS and had two results as follows:
    The supernatant fluid, which was made by filtrating water-soluble substances of the RJ, was loaded on a preequilibrated column of Sephadex G-50, was eluted with a pH7.0 phosphate buffer, and four peaks were showed, that is, four chromatographic fractions RJ1, RJ2, RJ3, RJ4.
    The supernatant fluid was heated by boiling water of 100 C lasting respectively for Ih, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, and then the supernatant fluid was dialyzed against deionized water for 4d~5d, and obtained effusive fluid and dialytic fluid.
    Pharmacological experiments on the above fractions were done by means of observing the effect of RJ on blood pressure of big mouse and abdominal muscle of bullfrog. Proved active components were analyzed by GC/MS and obtained every active component's chemical compositions, and find out common chemical compositions of every active component, this compositions were very heat-stable, they were l-Octanol,2-butyl-, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Phenol,3,5-bis(l,l-dimethylethyl)-, Cedrol, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,bis(2-methylpropyl)ester, Dibutylphthalate.
    Moreover, this paper reported firstly the qualitative and quantitive analysis of amino acid of the RJ and reported firstly the three rare amino acids: Y -Aminobutanoic acid (G-ABA), Ornithine (Orn), Taurine (Tau) existing in the RJ. Result shows that extraction rates of Orn is relatively higher by sulphosalicylic acid, extraction rates of G-ABA and Tau is relatively higher by alcohol, extraction rates of G-ABA, Orn and Tau is relatively lower by HC1.
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