大型物体三维形貌数字化测量关键技术研究
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摘要
大型物体三维形貌数字化测量
关键技术研究
学院：精仪学院 专业：测试计量技术及仪器
指导教师：叶声华教授 六级英语证书：有√否
研究生：吴斌 ， 于2000年3月在天津大学获工学硕士学位
论文根据现代测量技术的发展，针对3D外形轮廓测量技术的需求和应用，对3D轮廓接触式测量技术和多种非接触式测量技术进行了比较，研究了国内外典型3D轮廓扫描系统的原理和特点，并对3D轮廓测量关键技术的现状及其发展进行了阐述。综合结构光法和立体视觉法，在对传统视觉传感器结构统一的基础上，提出了基于被动式双目立体视差技术和主动式液晶光栅编码技术传感器，实现物体的三维形貌数字化测量。针对结构统一的视觉传感器，提出了统一的基于双目立体视觉传感器三维测量模型的高精度现场传感器标定方法，并建立了统一标定数学模型。通过实验分析验证，该方法简单、快速，且精度较高，适用于传感器的现场标定。进行了粘性目标编码和识别技术的研究，提出了平面型分段圆弧编码方式，这种编码方式可满足大型物体三维形貌数字化测量对粘性目标多样性与唯一性的要求。研究了自动、可靠的粘性目标识别技术，可快速、准确地进行粘性目标的配准。同时还进行了粘性目标精确定位技术的研究。进行了基于粘性目标实现空间三维图像拼接技术的研究，实验验证了该方法具有较高的精度。进行了建立高精度移动坐标测量系统方法的研究。提出了基于移动坐标测量系统实现空间三维图像拼接技术，它可以实现测量系统的灵活扩展，完成大型物体三维形貌数字化测量。实验验证了该方法的可行性，精度分析表明该方法具有较高的空间三维图像拼接精度，同时具有较好的柔性和可操作性。论文从理论上和实践上进行了深入细致的研究与探讨，提出了一些创造性的理论和方法，并完成了相应的实验论证工作。
School: College of Precision Instrument & Opto-electronic Engineering Specialty: Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments
Advisor: Professor Ye Shenghua CET-6 Certificate: Passed
Postgraduate: Wu Bin, Master of Engineering，2000.3
Introduction of the demands and application domains of three-dimensional contour measurement technology. Exhaustive introduction of three-dimensional contour measuring methods in the world and analysis of the features of the methods. Analysis and comparison of the principles and application areas of several typical three-dimensional contour measuring systems. Introduction of the current status and development of key technologies of the three-dimensional contour measurement. Creation of the measuring means of free curved surfaces of objects, based on the passive stereo visual technology and the active liquid crystal grating encoding technology. High-precision on-field sensor calibration solution based on the three-dimensional measuring model of visual sensors. The mathematical model was constructed. The solution was proven by experiments to be easy, fast, with high precision, and suitable to on-field calibration. The research on encoding and recognition of viscous targets. Planar-multi-arc encoding is satisfied to the measurement of large curved surfaces on multiplicity and unification. The automatic and robust viscous target detection technology can be used in fast and accurate viscous target correspondence. The accurate orientation of viscous targets is also presented. The research on three-dimensional image mosaic technology based on viscous targets. The accuracy of the method was proven by experiments. The research on the construction of high-precision mobile coordination measuring systems. The mobile-coordination-measuring-systems-based three-dimensional image mosaic technology was proposed. Through experiments, the method was proven to be valid, and with relative high precision on three-dimensional image mosaic, good flexibility and manoeuvrability. Both theoretical and practical researches and discussions were taken, and some creative theories and means, as well as experimental validation were finished.
关键技术研究
学院：精仪学院 专业：测试计量技术及仪器
指导教师：叶声华教授 六级英语证书：有√否
研究生：吴斌 ， 于2000年3月在天津大学获工学硕士学位
论文根据现代测量技术的发展，针对3D外形轮廓测量技术的需求和应用，对3D轮廓接触式测量技术和多种非接触式测量技术进行了比较，研究了国内外典型3D轮廓扫描系统的原理和特点，并对3D轮廓测量关键技术的现状及其发展进行了阐述。综合结构光法和立体视觉法，在对传统视觉传感器结构统一的基础上，提出了基于被动式双目立体视差技术和主动式液晶光栅编码技术传感器，实现物体的三维形貌数字化测量。针对结构统一的视觉传感器，提出了统一的基于双目立体视觉传感器三维测量模型的高精度现场传感器标定方法，并建立了统一标定数学模型。通过实验分析验证，该方法简单、快速，且精度较高，适用于传感器的现场标定。进行了粘性目标编码和识别技术的研究，提出了平面型分段圆弧编码方式，这种编码方式可满足大型物体三维形貌数字化测量对粘性目标多样性与唯一性的要求。研究了自动、可靠的粘性目标识别技术，可快速、准确地进行粘性目标的配准。同时还进行了粘性目标精确定位技术的研究。进行了基于粘性目标实现空间三维图像拼接技术的研究，实验验证了该方法具有较高的精度。进行了建立高精度移动坐标测量系统方法的研究。提出了基于移动坐标测量系统实现空间三维图像拼接技术，它可以实现测量系统的灵活扩展，完成大型物体三维形貌数字化测量。实验验证了该方法的可行性，精度分析表明该方法具有较高的空间三维图像拼接精度，同时具有较好的柔性和可操作性。论文从理论上和实践上进行了深入细致的研究与探讨，提出了一些创造性的理论和方法，并完成了相应的实验论证工作。
School: College of Precision Instrument & Opto-electronic Engineering Specialty: Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments
Advisor: Professor Ye Shenghua CET-6 Certificate: Passed
Postgraduate: Wu Bin, Master of Engineering，2000.3
Introduction of the demands and application domains of three-dimensional contour measurement technology. Exhaustive introduction of three-dimensional contour measuring methods in the world and analysis of the features of the methods. Analysis and comparison of the principles and application areas of several typical three-dimensional contour measuring systems. Introduction of the current status and development of key technologies of the three-dimensional contour measurement. Creation of the measuring means of free curved surfaces of objects, based on the passive stereo visual technology and the active liquid crystal grating encoding technology. High-precision on-field sensor calibration solution based on the three-dimensional measuring model of visual sensors. The mathematical model was constructed. The solution was proven by experiments to be easy, fast, with high precision, and suitable to on-field calibration. The research on encoding and recognition of viscous targets. Planar-multi-arc encoding is satisfied to the measurement of large curved surfaces on multiplicity and unification. The automatic and robust viscous target detection technology can be used in fast and accurate viscous target correspondence. The accurate orientation of viscous targets is also presented. The research on three-dimensional image mosaic technology based on viscous targets. The accuracy of the method was proven by experiments. The research on the construction of high-precision mobile coordination measuring systems. The mobile-coordination-measuring-systems-based three-dimensional image mosaic technology was proposed. Through experiments, the method was proven to be valid, and with relative high precision on three-dimensional image mosaic, good flexibility and manoeuvrability. Both theoretical and practical researches and discussions were taken, and some creative theories and means, as well as experimental validation were finished.
引文
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