软弱围岩隧道动态变形规律及信息化施工技术研究
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摘要
在山岭重丘地区的隧道建设中,很多隧道修建在软弱围岩地段。目前的研究主要集中在地铁隧道及大跨径连拱隧道方面。而且,在关于隧道施工及其监控量测的研究中,受条件的限制,人们往往采用单一的方法开展施工前期预测、开挖数值模拟及实测数据回归分析,因此,有必要对山岭重丘地段软弱围岩隧道施工及其监控量测开展深入的研究。
鉴此,文章结合独岩隧道工程实例:1.在分析适应用性条件的基础上,建立随机介质理论独岩隧道地表移动与变形模型,并选择相应计算参数,使用Mathematica软件进行数值积分,预测了独岩隧道地表移动与变形量及其规律;2.使用FLAC软件,建立独岩隧道数值分析模型,动态模拟隧道开挖实际过程,获得了围岩动态变形规律;3.合理布置隧道内部和地表监控量测断面,进行现场监测,并对实测数据进行了回归分析。
通过对随机介质预测结果、数值模拟分析结果、实测值及其回归分析结果的对比分析,从定量上来看,三者结果略有差异;从定性上来看,三者结果变化趋势基本吻合。由此说明:前期的随机介质模型预测结果和开挖过程中的FLAC动态模拟结果都反映了现场监测信息,三者相辅相成,起到了很好的为隧道施工服务的作用,实现了完整意义上的信息化施工。
对上述三种方法进行综合对比分析,反馈设计修改及指导施工,使独岩隧道的施工纳入科学的动态管理之中,较好地解决了施工中存在的各种问题,保证了施工的质量与安全。
In the construction of tunnels in mountainous heavy hilly area, many of them was built in the section of soft surrounding rock. At present, domestic studies are mainly focused on subway tunnels and long-span multi-arch tunnel, however, in the researches of tunnel construction and its monitoring measurement, because of the condition limitations, people always singly do research on previous prediction, excavation numerical simulation or measured data regressive analysis.
Therefore, this thesis combining the engineering example of Duyan tunnel: 1. on the basis of analysis of adoption conditions, build random medium model of surface movement and deformation of Duyan tunnel, and select parameters adopted for calculation, use Mathematica software to make numerical integration, Forecast its surface movement and deformation and the laws; 2. build numerical model of Duyan tunnel through FLAC software, simulate dynamic the practical process of the tunnel excavation, obtain the regularity of surrounding rock dynamic deformation; 3. layout the monitoring measurement sections in the tunnels and on the surface rationally, and do regression analysis of the field data.
According to the contrastive analysis of the random medium prediction result, the Numerical simulation analysis result, measured data and the result of regression analysis, the three results are slightly different from the point of quantitative; the three results are generally coincided the change trend from the point of qualitative. Therefore, the previous random medium prediction result and FLAC dynamic simulation result in process of excavation all reflect the field monitoring information, which complement each other, have effects on tunnel construction, and realize information construction in the complete meaning.
Through the comprehensive contrast analysis of three methods mentioned above, that can feedback design modification and guide construction, bring the Duyan tunnel construction into scientific dynamic management, solve various problems in construction better, ensure the quality and safety of the construction.
鉴此,文章结合独岩隧道工程实例:1.在分析适应用性条件的基础上,建立随机介质理论独岩隧道地表移动与变形模型,并选择相应计算参数,使用Mathematica软件进行数值积分,预测了独岩隧道地表移动与变形量及其规律;2.使用FLAC软件,建立独岩隧道数值分析模型,动态模拟隧道开挖实际过程,获得了围岩动态变形规律;3.合理布置隧道内部和地表监控量测断面,进行现场监测,并对实测数据进行了回归分析。
通过对随机介质预测结果、数值模拟分析结果、实测值及其回归分析结果的对比分析,从定量上来看,三者结果略有差异;从定性上来看,三者结果变化趋势基本吻合。由此说明:前期的随机介质模型预测结果和开挖过程中的FLAC动态模拟结果都反映了现场监测信息,三者相辅相成,起到了很好的为隧道施工服务的作用,实现了完整意义上的信息化施工。
对上述三种方法进行综合对比分析,反馈设计修改及指导施工,使独岩隧道的施工纳入科学的动态管理之中,较好地解决了施工中存在的各种问题,保证了施工的质量与安全。
In the construction of tunnels in mountainous heavy hilly area, many of them was built in the section of soft surrounding rock. At present, domestic studies are mainly focused on subway tunnels and long-span multi-arch tunnel, however, in the researches of tunnel construction and its monitoring measurement, because of the condition limitations, people always singly do research on previous prediction, excavation numerical simulation or measured data regressive analysis.
Therefore, this thesis combining the engineering example of Duyan tunnel: 1. on the basis of analysis of adoption conditions, build random medium model of surface movement and deformation of Duyan tunnel, and select parameters adopted for calculation, use Mathematica software to make numerical integration, Forecast its surface movement and deformation and the laws; 2. build numerical model of Duyan tunnel through FLAC software, simulate dynamic the practical process of the tunnel excavation, obtain the regularity of surrounding rock dynamic deformation; 3. layout the monitoring measurement sections in the tunnels and on the surface rationally, and do regression analysis of the field data.
According to the contrastive analysis of the random medium prediction result, the Numerical simulation analysis result, measured data and the result of regression analysis, the three results are slightly different from the point of quantitative; the three results are generally coincided the change trend from the point of qualitative. Therefore, the previous random medium prediction result and FLAC dynamic simulation result in process of excavation all reflect the field monitoring information, which complement each other, have effects on tunnel construction, and realize information construction in the complete meaning.
Through the comprehensive contrast analysis of three methods mentioned above, that can feedback design modification and guide construction, bring the Duyan tunnel construction into scientific dynamic management, solve various problems in construction better, ensure the quality and safety of the construction.
引文
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[9]刘大刚等.城市隧道十字隔墙法施工引起的地表沉降及变形预计方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,7
[10]刘波等.地铁隧道施工引起地层变形的反分析预测系统[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,5(3)
[11]施成华,彭丽敏,刘宝琛.浅埋隧道开挖对地表建筑物的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(19)
[12]韩煊,李宁.隧道开挖不均匀收敛引起的地层位移的预测模型[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(3)
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[16] SHI Genhua,R.E.Goodman The key blocks of unrolled joint traces in developed maps of tunnel walls[J]. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech,1989,13:131~158
[17]吴波,高波.地铁区间隧道施工对临近管线影响的三维数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增1):2451~2457
[18]陈桦,孙钧.软弱围岩复合式隧道衬砌力学机理非线性大变形数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997.16(4):327~336
[19]姜云公路隧道围岩大变形的预测预报与对策研究[D].成都理工大学博士论文,2004
[20]谢和平,周宏伟,王金安等. FLAC在煤矿开采沉陷预测中的应用及对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报. 1999,18(4):397~401
[21]刘波、陶光龙等.地铁盾构隧道下穿建筑基础诱发地层变形规律研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(4)
[22]张新善、廖红建、张立利.黄土地下隧道开挖对周围土体变形的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增1):4333~4338
[23]邹友峰,邓喀中,马伟民.矿山开采沉陷工程[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2003
[24]刘宇.基于随机介质理论的浅埋偏压隧道施工控制研究及工程应用[D].重庆大学硕士学位论文.2006.5
[25]何国清等.矿山开采沉陷学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1991
[26]颜荣贵.地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1995
[27]湖南华罡交通规划设计研究院.独岩隧道设计资料汇编[R]. 2006
[28]施成华,彭立敏,刘宝琛.浅埋隧道开挖对地表建筑物的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(19):3310~3316
[29]刘波等.地铁双隧道施工诱发地表沉降预计研究与应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2006.35(3):477~482
[30]陈党民.基于随机介质理论的公路黄土暗穴稳定性评价[D].长安大学硕士学位论文. 2005.5
[31]陶德敬.地下铁道施工引起的地表沉降及变形预测技术研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2006.5
[32]《数学手册》编写组.数学手册.北京:高等教育出版社,1984
[33] (美)沃尔夫雷姆(Wolfram.s)著,赫孝良,周义仓译. Mathematica全书[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002
[34] (美)D.尤金著,邓健松,彭冉冉译.全美经典Mathematica使用指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[35]阳军生,刘宝琛.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动与变形[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[36]姬永红.隧道施工引起横向地层沉降的随机预测[J].岩土工程技术. 2004,18(1):316~319
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