润扬长江大桥塔顶门架稳定性研究
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摘要
本文简要回顾了压杆稳定问题的研究历程和钢结构框架体系非线性研究现状，介绍了钢结构框架整体稳定性研究的方法以及若干非线性因素的处理方法，并进行了简要评述。
本文以润扬长江大桥南汊悬索桥塔顶门架为工程背景，采用ANSYS通用有限元程序，建立了结构空间分析模型，对其在不同工况、不同阶段下的弹性屈曲失稳模式进行了分析，提取了结构弹性屈曲失稳的前二阶失稳模式，找出了该门架在悬索桥不同施工阶段的最不利荷载工况以进行后续的结构非线性分析。
在结构的非线性分析中，着重分析了结构P—delta效应对结构极限承载力的影响，即主要构件初曲率、框架顶部侧移等初始缺陷对结构整体极限承载力的影响，找出了结构失稳时的最不利构件，并考察了结构构件的强度，同时按规范规定验算了受压构件的稳定性。经计算比较分析，得出了结构在主要构件初曲率、框架顶部侧移等初始缺陷影响下结构非线性稳定性的变化规律。同时，加强结构中最先屈曲构件的刚度可以有效提高结构整体极限承载力。
The thesis presents the current research situations of nonlinear study on the steel frame system, as well as the research history of the stability of compressed bars. In addition, the research methods for the global stability of steel frames are introduced in the thesis, which involves the treatments of many nonlinear factors influencing the global stability of steel frames. All mentioned above are given brief descriptions.
Steel tower frame of the Southern Runyang Yangtze River Suspension Bridge is taken as engineering background in this thesis, and ANSYS general finite element program is used to set up the space analysis model. Then elastic buckling models are analyzed in different load cases and at different stages. And then, the former two buckling models of structural elastic buckling ones are extracted. Accordingly, the most critical load case in different construction conditions is found out, which is applied to the following structural nonlinear , analyses.
In the course of structural nonlinear analyses, the thesis mainly analyzes the P-delta effects on the structural ultimate capacity, namely, the effects exerted by the initial defects including the initial curvature of main members and top displacement of steel frame etc on the structural ultimate capacity. And the thesis finds out the most critical members during the process of structural buckling, checks the strength of structural members and the stability of compressed members according to the specifications. Through the nonlinear analyses and comparison, the thesis draws a conclusion how the nonlinear stability varies under the initial defects including the influence of the initial curvature of main members and top displacement of steel frame etc. At the same time, it is effective to strengthen the stiffness of the first buckling member to enhance the global structural ultimate capacity.
本文以润扬长江大桥南汊悬索桥塔顶门架为工程背景，采用ANSYS通用有限元程序，建立了结构空间分析模型，对其在不同工况、不同阶段下的弹性屈曲失稳模式进行了分析，提取了结构弹性屈曲失稳的前二阶失稳模式，找出了该门架在悬索桥不同施工阶段的最不利荷载工况以进行后续的结构非线性分析。
在结构的非线性分析中，着重分析了结构P—delta效应对结构极限承载力的影响，即主要构件初曲率、框架顶部侧移等初始缺陷对结构整体极限承载力的影响，找出了结构失稳时的最不利构件，并考察了结构构件的强度，同时按规范规定验算了受压构件的稳定性。经计算比较分析，得出了结构在主要构件初曲率、框架顶部侧移等初始缺陷影响下结构非线性稳定性的变化规律。同时，加强结构中最先屈曲构件的刚度可以有效提高结构整体极限承载力。
The thesis presents the current research situations of nonlinear study on the steel frame system, as well as the research history of the stability of compressed bars. In addition, the research methods for the global stability of steel frames are introduced in the thesis, which involves the treatments of many nonlinear factors influencing the global stability of steel frames. All mentioned above are given brief descriptions.
Steel tower frame of the Southern Runyang Yangtze River Suspension Bridge is taken as engineering background in this thesis, and ANSYS general finite element program is used to set up the space analysis model. Then elastic buckling models are analyzed in different load cases and at different stages. And then, the former two buckling models of structural elastic buckling ones are extracted. Accordingly, the most critical load case in different construction conditions is found out, which is applied to the following structural nonlinear , analyses.
In the course of structural nonlinear analyses, the thesis mainly analyzes the P-delta effects on the structural ultimate capacity, namely, the effects exerted by the initial defects including the initial curvature of main members and top displacement of steel frame etc on the structural ultimate capacity. And the thesis finds out the most critical members during the process of structural buckling, checks the strength of structural members and the stability of compressed members according to the specifications. Through the nonlinear analyses and comparison, the thesis draws a conclusion how the nonlinear stability varies under the initial defects including the influence of the initial curvature of main members and top displacement of steel frame etc. At the same time, it is effective to strengthen the stiffness of the first buckling member to enhance the global structural ultimate capacity.
引文
1．陈骥．钢结构稳定理论与设计．北京：科学出版社，2001
2．李国豪．桥梁结构稳定与振动(修订版)．北京：中国铁道出版社，1996
3．吕烈武，沈世钊等．钢结构构件稳定理论．中国建筑工业出版社，1983
4．任伟新，曾庆元．钢压杆稳定极限承载力分析．中国铁道出版社，1994
5．钱冬生．钢压杆的承载力．人民铁道出版社，1980
6．铁木生可著，常振楫译．材料力学史．上海科学技术出版社，1961
7．柏拉希著，同济大学钢木结构教研室译．金属结构的屈曲强度．科学出版社，1965，4
8．铁摩辛柯，盖莱著，张福范译．弹性稳定理论(第二版)．科学技术出版设，1965
9．W.F.Chen,T.Atsuta著，周绥平等译．梁柱分析与设计(第一卷)．人民交通出版社，1997
10．W.F.Chen,T.Atsuta著，周绥平等译．梁柱分析与设计(第二卷)．人民交通出版社，1997
11．陈惠发著，周绥平译．钢框架稳定设计．上海世界图书出版公司，1999
12．陈绍番．钢结构稳定设计指南．中国建筑工业出版社，1996
13．钢结构设计规范(GBJ17—88)．北京：中国计划出版社，1989
14. Kim S E, Chen W F. Practical advanced analysis for braced steel frames design[J]. Journal of Strutural Engineering(ASCE), 1996, 122(11)
15. Kim S E, Chen W F. Practical advanced analysis for unbraced steel frames design[J]. Journal of Strutural Engineering(ASCE), 1996, 122(11)
16. Chen W.F. Advanced analysis in steel frame[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press, 1993
17. Chen W F.Structural stability: From theory to practice[J]. Engineering Structural, 2002, 22
18. Ziemian R D, MeGuire W, Deierlein G G. Inelastic limit states design, Part I : Planar frame studies[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE), 1992, 118(9)
19．丁泉顺，陈爱荣，项海帆．空间杆系结构实用几何非线性分析．力学季刊，2001年，22(3)
20. Liew J Y R, Chen H, Shanmugam N E, et al. Improved nonlinear plastic hinge analysis of space frame structures[J]. Engineering Strutures, 2002,22
21．王策，房秀梅，沈世钊．空间桁架极限承载力[J]．工业建筑，1996，26(10)
22．陈绍蕃．轻型钢结构变截面门式刚架的稳定计算．建筑结构，1998，第8期
23. Liew J Y R. Limit-states design of semi-rigid frames using advanced analysis, Part Ⅰ: Connection modeling and classification. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1993,26(1)
24. Liew J Y R. Limit-states design of semi-rigid frames using advanced analysis, Part Ⅱ: Analysis and design[J]. Journal of Construc-tional Steel Research, 1993,26(1)
25．王新堂．半刚性连接平面钢结构弹性分析的普遍模型．建筑结构，2002，32(12)
26. Yuan Z, Mahendran M, Avery P. Steel frames using advanced analysis [R]. Qeensland: Physical Infrastructure Center, Queensland University of Technology, 2000
27. Yuan Z, Mahendran M, Avery P. Finite element modeling of steel I-beams subject to lateral buckling effects under uniform moment and axial force[R]. Qeensland: Physical InfrastructureCenter, Queensland University of Technology, 2000
28. Liew J Y R. Implication of using refined plastic hinge analysis for load and resistance factor design[J].Thin-walled Structures, 1994, 20
29. Liew J Y R. Notional load plastic hinge method for frame design. Journal of structural Engineering(ASCE),1994,120
30. Attalla M R, Deierlein G, Megui W. Spread of plasticity: Quasiplastic-hinge approach. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1994, 120 (8)
31. Avery P, Mahendran M.Pseudo plastic zone analysis of steel frame structures comprising non-compact sections. Brisbane: Physical Infrastructure Center, School of Civil Engineering, QUT, 1998
32. Toma S, Chen W F. European calibration frames for second-order inelastic analysis. Engineering Structures, 1992 14(1)
33. Lip H T, Murray J C. Plastic-zone analysis of 3D steel frames using beam elements. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE), 1999,125
34. Avery P, Mahendran M. Analysis benchmarch solutions for steel frame structures subjected to local buckling effects. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2000,3
35．沈祖炎，张其林．薄壁钢构件非线性稳定问题的曲壳有限单元法．土木工程学报，1991，24(1)
36．郑宏．钢构件非线性稳定．科学出版社，2002
37. AISC, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Builings, Chicago, 1993
38. Chan S L, Gu J X. Second-order elastic analysis of frames using single imperfect element per member. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1995,121
39. Kim S E, Kim M K, Chen W F. Improved refined plastic hinge analysis accouning for strain reversal. Engineering Structures, 2000,22
40. Zhou Z H, Chan S L. Refined second-order analysis of frames with members under lateral and axial loads. Journal of Structual Engineering(ASCE),1996,122
41. Zhou Z H, Chan S L. Second-order analysis of slender steel frames distributed axial and member loads. Journal of Structual Enginee-ring(ASCE), 1996,122
42. Xu L, Liu Y, Chen J. Stability of unbraced frames under non-proportional loading. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 2001,11(1)
43. Sekulovie M, Salatic R. Nonlinear analysis of frames with flexible connections. Computers and Structures, 2001,79
44．郭成喜．半刚性钢框架的内力性态分析．建筑结构，2002，32(5)
45．徐伟良，吴惠弼．半刚性连接钢框架非线性的修正塑性区法．重庆大学学报，1995，17(3)
46．陈爱国，郭兵，赵海元．半刚接钢框架的弹性屈曲研究．工程力学，增刊，2001
47．李国强，沈祖炎．钢结构框架结构体系弹性及弹塑性分析与计算理论．上海：上海科学技术出版社，1998
48. Avery P, Mahendran M. Distributed plasticity analysis of steel frame
structures comprising non-compact sections. Engineering Strutures,2002,22
49．陈栋，朱慈勉．TL法和UL法对几何非线性刚架问题的适用性．陕西建筑，2001，1
50．陈务军，关富玲．泊努力梁平面几何非线性分析的刚度矩阵．浙江大学学报(自然科学版)，1998，32(5)
51．宋启根，罗穆勇，宋丹．框架非线性分析的新梁柱单元．力学季刊，2001，22(2)
52．许红胜，舒兴平，沈祖炎等．钢结构稳定理论．中国建筑工业出版社，1983
53．ANSYS公司．ANSYS非线性分析指南．1999
54．ANSYS公司．高级技术分析指南．1999
2．李国豪．桥梁结构稳定与振动(修订版)．北京：中国铁道出版社，1996
3．吕烈武，沈世钊等．钢结构构件稳定理论．中国建筑工业出版社，1983
4．任伟新，曾庆元．钢压杆稳定极限承载力分析．中国铁道出版社，1994
5．钱冬生．钢压杆的承载力．人民铁道出版社，1980
6．铁木生可著，常振楫译．材料力学史．上海科学技术出版社，1961
7．柏拉希著，同济大学钢木结构教研室译．金属结构的屈曲强度．科学出版社，1965，4
8．铁摩辛柯，盖莱著，张福范译．弹性稳定理论(第二版)．科学技术出版设，1965
9．W.F.Chen,T.Atsuta著，周绥平等译．梁柱分析与设计(第一卷)．人民交通出版社，1997
10．W.F.Chen,T.Atsuta著，周绥平等译．梁柱分析与设计(第二卷)．人民交通出版社，1997
11．陈惠发著，周绥平译．钢框架稳定设计．上海世界图书出版公司，1999
12．陈绍番．钢结构稳定设计指南．中国建筑工业出版社，1996
13．钢结构设计规范(GBJ17—88)．北京：中国计划出版社，1989
14. Kim S E, Chen W F. Practical advanced analysis for braced steel frames design[J]. Journal of Strutural Engineering(ASCE), 1996, 122(11)
15. Kim S E, Chen W F. Practical advanced analysis for unbraced steel frames design[J]. Journal of Strutural Engineering(ASCE), 1996, 122(11)
16. Chen W.F. Advanced analysis in steel frame[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press, 1993
17. Chen W F.Structural stability: From theory to practice[J]. Engineering Structural, 2002, 22
18. Ziemian R D, MeGuire W, Deierlein G G. Inelastic limit states design, Part I : Planar frame studies[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE), 1992, 118(9)
19．丁泉顺，陈爱荣，项海帆．空间杆系结构实用几何非线性分析．力学季刊，2001年，22(3)
20. Liew J Y R, Chen H, Shanmugam N E, et al. Improved nonlinear plastic hinge analysis of space frame structures[J]. Engineering Strutures, 2002,22
21．王策，房秀梅，沈世钊．空间桁架极限承载力[J]．工业建筑，1996，26(10)
22．陈绍蕃．轻型钢结构变截面门式刚架的稳定计算．建筑结构，1998，第8期
23. Liew J Y R. Limit-states design of semi-rigid frames using advanced analysis, Part Ⅰ: Connection modeling and classification. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1993,26(1)
24. Liew J Y R. Limit-states design of semi-rigid frames using advanced analysis, Part Ⅱ: Analysis and design[J]. Journal of Construc-tional Steel Research, 1993,26(1)
25．王新堂．半刚性连接平面钢结构弹性分析的普遍模型．建筑结构，2002，32(12)
26. Yuan Z, Mahendran M, Avery P. Steel frames using advanced analysis [R]. Qeensland: Physical Infrastructure Center, Queensland University of Technology, 2000
27. Yuan Z, Mahendran M, Avery P. Finite element modeling of steel I-beams subject to lateral buckling effects under uniform moment and axial force[R]. Qeensland: Physical InfrastructureCenter, Queensland University of Technology, 2000
28. Liew J Y R. Implication of using refined plastic hinge analysis for load and resistance factor design[J].Thin-walled Structures, 1994, 20
29. Liew J Y R. Notional load plastic hinge method for frame design. Journal of structural Engineering(ASCE),1994,120
30. Attalla M R, Deierlein G, Megui W. Spread of plasticity: Quasiplastic-hinge approach. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1994, 120 (8)
31. Avery P, Mahendran M.Pseudo plastic zone analysis of steel frame structures comprising non-compact sections. Brisbane: Physical Infrastructure Center, School of Civil Engineering, QUT, 1998
32. Toma S, Chen W F. European calibration frames for second-order inelastic analysis. Engineering Structures, 1992 14(1)
33. Lip H T, Murray J C. Plastic-zone analysis of 3D steel frames using beam elements. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE), 1999,125
34. Avery P, Mahendran M. Analysis benchmarch solutions for steel frame structures subjected to local buckling effects. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2000,3
35．沈祖炎，张其林．薄壁钢构件非线性稳定问题的曲壳有限单元法．土木工程学报，1991，24(1)
36．郑宏．钢构件非线性稳定．科学出版社，2002
37. AISC, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Builings, Chicago, 1993
38. Chan S L, Gu J X. Second-order elastic analysis of frames using single imperfect element per member. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1995,121
39. Kim S E, Kim M K, Chen W F. Improved refined plastic hinge analysis accouning for strain reversal. Engineering Structures, 2000,22
40. Zhou Z H, Chan S L. Refined second-order analysis of frames with members under lateral and axial loads. Journal of Structual Engineering(ASCE),1996,122
41. Zhou Z H, Chan S L. Second-order analysis of slender steel frames distributed axial and member loads. Journal of Structual Enginee-ring(ASCE), 1996,122
42. Xu L, Liu Y, Chen J. Stability of unbraced frames under non-proportional loading. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 2001,11(1)
43. Sekulovie M, Salatic R. Nonlinear analysis of frames with flexible connections. Computers and Structures, 2001,79
44．郭成喜．半刚性钢框架的内力性态分析．建筑结构，2002，32(5)
45．徐伟良，吴惠弼．半刚性连接钢框架非线性的修正塑性区法．重庆大学学报，1995，17(3)
46．陈爱国，郭兵，赵海元．半刚接钢框架的弹性屈曲研究．工程力学，增刊，2001
47．李国强，沈祖炎．钢结构框架结构体系弹性及弹塑性分析与计算理论．上海：上海科学技术出版社，1998
48. Avery P, Mahendran M. Distributed plasticity analysis of steel frame
structures comprising non-compact sections. Engineering Strutures,2002,22
49．陈栋，朱慈勉．TL法和UL法对几何非线性刚架问题的适用性．陕西建筑，2001，1
50．陈务军，关富玲．泊努力梁平面几何非线性分析的刚度矩阵．浙江大学学报(自然科学版)，1998，32(5)
51．宋启根，罗穆勇，宋丹．框架非线性分析的新梁柱单元．力学季刊，2001，22(2)
52．许红胜，舒兴平，沈祖炎等．钢结构稳定理论．中国建筑工业出版社，1983
53．ANSYS公司．ANSYS非线性分析指南．1999
54．ANSYS公司．高级技术分析指南．1999