异构网络新型接入选择算法研究
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摘要
在未来的无线通信网络的发展中,异构网络是最具有发展前途的网络体系结构,它实现多种无线接入技术的融合,将现有的和未来将要出现的多种无线接入系统有机的融合在一起,满足未来用户对各种不同类型业务的需求。
接入选择算法作为异构网络无线资源管理中的关键技术,选择的结果不仅会影响用户的服务质量,还会对整个网络的资源利用以及负载均衡产生较大的影响。
本文针对异构网络接入选择算法现有研究存在的问题,指出了现有接入选择算法忽略的因素,即忽略了业务的非对称性对异构网络接入选择的影响。业务的接入在上下行链路同时满足接入请求的情况下才允许新业务的接入,业务的非对称性会引起网络上下行负载率的非对称,当网络的上下行负载率具有较大差异时,会因为上下行链路中某一条链路资源不足而拒绝业务的接入,而另一条链路却存在较大的资源剩余,会造成假性拥塞现象。业务的非对称性提高了系统阻塞率,浪费了系统资源,降低了网络的吞吐量。为了解决这个问题,本文提出一种新型的异构网络接入选择算法,充分考虑业务的上下行非对称性,为业务选择合适的网络,实现网络的上下行链路间的负载均衡,避免因网络上下行负载率不对称而引起的业务阻塞的发生,从而降低业务的阻塞率,提高系统的资源利用率和网络吞吐量。
最后,通过matlab设计了异构无线网络系统级仿真平台,验证了提出的算法的性能。通过与传统的基于网络间负载均衡的异构网络接入算法进行比较,新算法在阻塞率、上下行链路的平均吞吐量方面都具有较大的改善。
In the future development of wireless communication networks, heterogeneous network is considered to be the most promising network architecture.It implements the integration of a variety of wireless access technologies.Existing and future wireless access systems will be integrated into a seamless organic whole which will meet the requirements of different type services of future users.
Multi-radio access selection (MRAS) algorithm is a key technology in radio resource management of heterogeneous network. The result of choice will not only affect the user's service quality, but also has a great impact on the entire network resource utilization and load balance.
Existing MRAS algorithms are introduced and the problems of present algorithms are discussed in this paper,The most significant problem is that the existing MRAS ignores asymmetry of the servers which will have large impact on network selection.Call admission control (CAC) allows permission of service when both link of system satisfy the access requirements.Asymmetry of the servers will cause unbalance between the uplink load and downlink load. When there are a large differences between uplink load and downlink load, one of the links will refuse the access requirement because of the lack of resources, while the other link, there are remaining resources.The asymmetry of services will increase the blocking probability of the heterogeneous network. It is a waste of system resources and reduces the network throughput. This paper proposes a new MRAS based on DL/UL load balance which realizes the load balance between uplink and downlink by selecting an appropriate network as the targeted network for a new service.It can reduce the blocking rate, improve the system resource utilization and enlarge throughput of the heterogeneous network.
In the last part, a system-level simulation platform based on the heterogeneous wireless network is designed by matlab.It evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm.The simulation results show that the new algorithm has a large improvement in the blocking rate, DL and UL throughput compared with traditional MRAS based on load balance in heterogeneous network.
接入选择算法作为异构网络无线资源管理中的关键技术,选择的结果不仅会影响用户的服务质量,还会对整个网络的资源利用以及负载均衡产生较大的影响。
本文针对异构网络接入选择算法现有研究存在的问题,指出了现有接入选择算法忽略的因素,即忽略了业务的非对称性对异构网络接入选择的影响。业务的接入在上下行链路同时满足接入请求的情况下才允许新业务的接入,业务的非对称性会引起网络上下行负载率的非对称,当网络的上下行负载率具有较大差异时,会因为上下行链路中某一条链路资源不足而拒绝业务的接入,而另一条链路却存在较大的资源剩余,会造成假性拥塞现象。业务的非对称性提高了系统阻塞率,浪费了系统资源,降低了网络的吞吐量。为了解决这个问题,本文提出一种新型的异构网络接入选择算法,充分考虑业务的上下行非对称性,为业务选择合适的网络,实现网络的上下行链路间的负载均衡,避免因网络上下行负载率不对称而引起的业务阻塞的发生,从而降低业务的阻塞率,提高系统的资源利用率和网络吞吐量。
最后,通过matlab设计了异构无线网络系统级仿真平台,验证了提出的算法的性能。通过与传统的基于网络间负载均衡的异构网络接入算法进行比较,新算法在阻塞率、上下行链路的平均吞吐量方面都具有较大的改善。
In the future development of wireless communication networks, heterogeneous network is considered to be the most promising network architecture.It implements the integration of a variety of wireless access technologies.Existing and future wireless access systems will be integrated into a seamless organic whole which will meet the requirements of different type services of future users.
Multi-radio access selection (MRAS) algorithm is a key technology in radio resource management of heterogeneous network. The result of choice will not only affect the user's service quality, but also has a great impact on the entire network resource utilization and load balance.
Existing MRAS algorithms are introduced and the problems of present algorithms are discussed in this paper,The most significant problem is that the existing MRAS ignores asymmetry of the servers which will have large impact on network selection.Call admission control (CAC) allows permission of service when both link of system satisfy the access requirements.Asymmetry of the servers will cause unbalance between the uplink load and downlink load. When there are a large differences between uplink load and downlink load, one of the links will refuse the access requirement because of the lack of resources, while the other link, there are remaining resources.The asymmetry of services will increase the blocking probability of the heterogeneous network. It is a waste of system resources and reduces the network throughput. This paper proposes a new MRAS based on DL/UL load balance which realizes the load balance between uplink and downlink by selecting an appropriate network as the targeted network for a new service.It can reduce the blocking rate, improve the system resource utilization and enlarge throughput of the heterogeneous network.
In the last part, a system-level simulation platform based on the heterogeneous wireless network is designed by matlab.It evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm.The simulation results show that the new algorithm has a large improvement in the blocking rate, DL and UL throughput compared with traditional MRAS based on load balance in heterogeneous network.
引文
[1]周文安,付秀花等译,无线通信原理与应用,电子工业出版社,2009
[2]彭木根,王文博,TD-SCDMA移动通信系统[第2版],机械工业出版社,2007
[3]李世鹤编著,TD-SCDMA第三代移动通信系统标准[M],人民邮电出版社,2003
[4]吴伟陵,牛凯,移动通信原理,电子工业出版社,2006
[5]谢显中,基于TDD的第四代移动通信技术,电子工业出版社,2006
[6]王莹,张平编著,无线资源管理,北京邮电大学出版社,2005
[7]李军,异构无线网络融合理论与技术实现,电子工业出版社,2005
[8]贺昕,李斌,异构无线网络切换技术,北京邮电大学出版社,2008
[9]彭木根,王文博,协同无线通信原理与应用,机械工业出版社,2009
[10]陈泽强,周华,WCDMA技术与系统设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[11]Farhan Siddiqui, Sherali Zeadally. Mobility management across hybrid wireless networks: Trends and challenges, IEEE Computer Communications.2005.
[12]C.Wen-Tsuen,L.Jen-Chu,H.Hsieh.Kuan. An adaptive scheme for vertical handoffs in wireless overlay networks. Proceedings of the First Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems:Networking and Services,2004, PP.111-112
[13]Broadband Radio Access Network (BRAN);HIPERLAN TyPe2;Requirements and Architectures for Interworking between HIPERLAN/2 and 3rd Generation Cellular systems. ETSI Tech.rep.101957,Aug.2001
[14]G.M.Koien and T.Haslestad. Security aspects of 3G-WLAN interworking. IEEE Communications Magazines,41(11):82-88,Nov.2003
[15]Shiao-Li TSao and Chia-Ching Lin, Design and evaluation of UMTS-WLAN interworking strategies, In Proceedings of IEEE VTC'2002 Fall, volume 2, Pages777-781,Vancouver,Canada,Sept,2002.
[16]Chunming Liu and ChiZhou. An improved interworking architecture for UMTS-WLAN tight coupling. In Proceedings of IEEE WCNC'2005,volume3,Pages1690-1695, New Orleans, USA, March 2005.
[17]P.Vidales,G.Mapp,F.Stajano,and J.Crowcroft. A practical approach for 4G systems: deployment of overlay networks. In proceedings of TRIDENTCOM2005,pages172-181, Trento,Italy,Feb.2005.
[18]A.K.Salkitzis. Interworking between WLANs and third-generation cellular data networks. In proceedings of IEEE VTC'2003 Spring,voltume3,Pages 1802-1806,Jeju,Korea,April 2003.
[19]Buddhikot M M, Chandranmenon G, Han Seungjae, et, at, Design and implementation of a WLAN/CDMA2000 interworking architecture[J],IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003(11):90-100
[20]程婕,冯春燕.Ambient Networks项目及其关键技术[J].中兴通讯技术,2008.3
[21]黄川,郑宝玉.多无线电协作技术与异构网络融合[J].中兴通讯技术,2008.3
[22]3GPP TR 25.881 v5.0.0.Improvement of RRM across RNS and RNS/BSS (release 5),2001
[23]3GPP TR 25.891 v0.3.0.Improvement of RRM across RNS and RNS/BSS (release 6),2003
[24]罗强,张平.B3G网络联合无线资源管理的研究[J],电信科学,2006.3
[25]彭木根,孙卓,王文博.WiMAX与3G LTE网络互连与融合技术研究[J].电信科学,2007.1
[26]李劫,张勇,王志辉.WiMAX技术、应用及网络规划.电子工业出版社,2009.6
[27]Magnusson P, Lundsjo J, Sachs J, et al.Radio resource management distribution in a beyond 3G multi-radio access architecture.In:Global Telecommunications Conference, Dec 2004
[28]李军,异构无线网络融合理论与技术实现,电子工业出版社,2005,页153-156
[29]F.Berggren et al. Multi-radio resource management for Ambient Networks. In proceedings of PIMRC'2005,volume2, Pages 942-946,Berlin,Germany,Sept.2005.
[30]J.Luo, R.Mukerjee, and M.Dillinger et al. Investigation of radio resource scheduling WLANs coupled with 3G cellular network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 41(6):108-115,June 2003.
[31]J.Luo, E.Mohyeldin, N.Motte and M.Dillinger. Performance investigations of ARMH in a reconfigurable environment. In Proceeding of SCOUT Workshop'2003 Paris, France, Sept.2003
[32]J.Luo, E.Mohyeldin, M.Dillinger, P.Demestichas, and K.Tsagkaris et al. Performance analysis of joint radio resource management for reconfigurable terminals with multi-class circuit switched serviees. In Proceedings of WWRF 12th Meeting, WG6, Toronto, Canada, Nov.,2004
[33]P.Demestichas and V.Stavroulaki.Issues in introducing resource brokerage functionality B3G composite radio environments. IEEE Wireless Communications, 11(5):32-40, Oct.2004.
[34]R.Skehill, et al.The common RRM approach to admission control for converged heterogeneous wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications,April 2007, 14(2):48-56
[35]Rights and Permissions J.Luo et al.Investigation of radio resource scheduling in WLANs coupled with 3G cellular networks. IEEE Communication Magazine,June 2003,108-115
[36]O.Yilmaz et al. Access selection in WCDMA and WLAN multi-access networks. Proc. IEEE VTC Spring 2005,pp.2240-2244
[37]EVEREST. Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms. Public Deliverable D20,18.11.2005.
[38]F.Malavasi,M.Breveglieri,L.Vignali,P.Leaves,J.Husehke. Traffic control algorithms for a multi access network scenario comprising GPRS and UMTS,VTC 2003-Spring, Vol.1,22-25 April 2003 PP.145-149vol.1.
[39]Yilmaz,A.Furuskar,J.Pettersson,A.Simonsson,Access Seleetion in WCDMA and WLAN Mult-Access Networks, IEEE VTC Spring,2005.
[40]张长钢,孙保红,WCDMA无线网络规划原理与实践,人民邮电出版社,2005
[41]Baraev, L.Jorguseski,R.Litjens. Performance Evaluation of Radio Access Selection Procedures in Multi-Radio Access Systems,Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC) conference 2005.
[42]R.Mukerjee,J.Luo,M.Dillinger,E.Mohyeldin. Joint Scheduling Algorithms over Heterogeneous networks in a Reconfigurable Environment,5th European Personal Mobile Communications Conference,April,2003,pp.591-596.
[43]HoChan,Pingyi Fan,Zhigang Cao.A Utility-Based Network Selection Scheme for Multiple Services in Heterogeneous Networks,2005 International Conference on Wireless Networks,Communications and Mobile Computing.
[44]D. G. Jeong and W. S.Jeon, "CDMA/TDD system for wireless multimedia services with traffic unbalance between uplink and downlink", IEEE J. Sel.Areas Commun.,vol.17, no.5,pp.939-946, May 1999.
[45]W. S.Jeon and D. G. Jeong, "Call admission control for mobile multimedia communications with traffic asymmetry between uplink and downlink", IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.50, no.1,pp.59-66,Jan.2001.
[46]Wha Sook Jeon, Dong Guen Jeong,"Call Admission Control for Mobile Multimedia Communications with Traffic Asymmetry between Uplink and Downlink",IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL.50, NO.1,JANUARY 2001
[47]Yang Xun, Feng Gang,"Call Admission Control for Multi-service Mobile Networks with Bandwidth Asymmetry between Uplink and Downlink", Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/GLOCOM.2004.1378957
[48]Wei Song and Weihua Zhuang,"Load Balancing for Cellular/WLAN Integrated Networks"
[49]Ning Guoqin, Zhu Guangxi, Peng Liexin Lu Xiaofeng,"Load Balancing Based on Traffic Selection in Heterogeneous Overlapping Cellular Networks",Internet,2005.The First IEEE and IFIP International Conference
[50]Shah, S.I, "UMTS:High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Technology", Networking and Communications Conference,2008.INCC 2008.IEEE International 1-3 May 2008 Page(s):2-2
[51]Mobile WiMAX-Part Ⅰ:A Technical Overview and Performance Evaluation Prepared on Behalf of the WiMAX Forum March,2006
[52]Jin Di, Tan Haifeng, Li Jingchun, "WiMAX System Coverage and Thoughput Reserch", China Radio,2009(1)
[53]Yuan Changji, "Service Model in 3G Wireless Network Plan", Communication & Information Technology,2007(06)
[2]彭木根,王文博,TD-SCDMA移动通信系统[第2版],机械工业出版社,2007
[3]李世鹤编著,TD-SCDMA第三代移动通信系统标准[M],人民邮电出版社,2003
[4]吴伟陵,牛凯,移动通信原理,电子工业出版社,2006
[5]谢显中,基于TDD的第四代移动通信技术,电子工业出版社,2006
[6]王莹,张平编著,无线资源管理,北京邮电大学出版社,2005
[7]李军,异构无线网络融合理论与技术实现,电子工业出版社,2005
[8]贺昕,李斌,异构无线网络切换技术,北京邮电大学出版社,2008
[9]彭木根,王文博,协同无线通信原理与应用,机械工业出版社,2009
[10]陈泽强,周华,WCDMA技术与系统设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[11]Farhan Siddiqui, Sherali Zeadally. Mobility management across hybrid wireless networks: Trends and challenges, IEEE Computer Communications.2005.
[12]C.Wen-Tsuen,L.Jen-Chu,H.Hsieh.Kuan. An adaptive scheme for vertical handoffs in wireless overlay networks. Proceedings of the First Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems:Networking and Services,2004, PP.111-112
[13]Broadband Radio Access Network (BRAN);HIPERLAN TyPe2;Requirements and Architectures for Interworking between HIPERLAN/2 and 3rd Generation Cellular systems. ETSI Tech.rep.101957,Aug.2001
[14]G.M.Koien and T.Haslestad. Security aspects of 3G-WLAN interworking. IEEE Communications Magazines,41(11):82-88,Nov.2003
[15]Shiao-Li TSao and Chia-Ching Lin, Design and evaluation of UMTS-WLAN interworking strategies, In Proceedings of IEEE VTC'2002 Fall, volume 2, Pages777-781,Vancouver,Canada,Sept,2002.
[16]Chunming Liu and ChiZhou. An improved interworking architecture for UMTS-WLAN tight coupling. In Proceedings of IEEE WCNC'2005,volume3,Pages1690-1695, New Orleans, USA, March 2005.
[17]P.Vidales,G.Mapp,F.Stajano,and J.Crowcroft. A practical approach for 4G systems: deployment of overlay networks. In proceedings of TRIDENTCOM2005,pages172-181, Trento,Italy,Feb.2005.
[18]A.K.Salkitzis. Interworking between WLANs and third-generation cellular data networks. In proceedings of IEEE VTC'2003 Spring,voltume3,Pages 1802-1806,Jeju,Korea,April 2003.
[19]Buddhikot M M, Chandranmenon G, Han Seungjae, et, at, Design and implementation of a WLAN/CDMA2000 interworking architecture[J],IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003(11):90-100
[20]程婕,冯春燕.Ambient Networks项目及其关键技术[J].中兴通讯技术,2008.3
[21]黄川,郑宝玉.多无线电协作技术与异构网络融合[J].中兴通讯技术,2008.3
[22]3GPP TR 25.881 v5.0.0.Improvement of RRM across RNS and RNS/BSS (release 5),2001
[23]3GPP TR 25.891 v0.3.0.Improvement of RRM across RNS and RNS/BSS (release 6),2003
[24]罗强,张平.B3G网络联合无线资源管理的研究[J],电信科学,2006.3
[25]彭木根,孙卓,王文博.WiMAX与3G LTE网络互连与融合技术研究[J].电信科学,2007.1
[26]李劫,张勇,王志辉.WiMAX技术、应用及网络规划.电子工业出版社,2009.6
[27]Magnusson P, Lundsjo J, Sachs J, et al.Radio resource management distribution in a beyond 3G multi-radio access architecture.In:Global Telecommunications Conference, Dec 2004
[28]李军,异构无线网络融合理论与技术实现,电子工业出版社,2005,页153-156
[29]F.Berggren et al. Multi-radio resource management for Ambient Networks. In proceedings of PIMRC'2005,volume2, Pages 942-946,Berlin,Germany,Sept.2005.
[30]J.Luo, R.Mukerjee, and M.Dillinger et al. Investigation of radio resource scheduling WLANs coupled with 3G cellular network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 41(6):108-115,June 2003.
[31]J.Luo, E.Mohyeldin, N.Motte and M.Dillinger. Performance investigations of ARMH in a reconfigurable environment. In Proceeding of SCOUT Workshop'2003 Paris, France, Sept.2003
[32]J.Luo, E.Mohyeldin, M.Dillinger, P.Demestichas, and K.Tsagkaris et al. Performance analysis of joint radio resource management for reconfigurable terminals with multi-class circuit switched serviees. In Proceedings of WWRF 12th Meeting, WG6, Toronto, Canada, Nov.,2004
[33]P.Demestichas and V.Stavroulaki.Issues in introducing resource brokerage functionality B3G composite radio environments. IEEE Wireless Communications, 11(5):32-40, Oct.2004.
[34]R.Skehill, et al.The common RRM approach to admission control for converged heterogeneous wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications,April 2007, 14(2):48-56
[35]Rights and Permissions J.Luo et al.Investigation of radio resource scheduling in WLANs coupled with 3G cellular networks. IEEE Communication Magazine,June 2003,108-115
[36]O.Yilmaz et al. Access selection in WCDMA and WLAN multi-access networks. Proc. IEEE VTC Spring 2005,pp.2240-2244
[37]EVEREST. Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms. Public Deliverable D20,18.11.2005.
[38]F.Malavasi,M.Breveglieri,L.Vignali,P.Leaves,J.Husehke. Traffic control algorithms for a multi access network scenario comprising GPRS and UMTS,VTC 2003-Spring, Vol.1,22-25 April 2003 PP.145-149vol.1.
[39]Yilmaz,A.Furuskar,J.Pettersson,A.Simonsson,Access Seleetion in WCDMA and WLAN Mult-Access Networks, IEEE VTC Spring,2005.
[40]张长钢,孙保红,WCDMA无线网络规划原理与实践,人民邮电出版社,2005
[41]Baraev, L.Jorguseski,R.Litjens. Performance Evaluation of Radio Access Selection Procedures in Multi-Radio Access Systems,Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC) conference 2005.
[42]R.Mukerjee,J.Luo,M.Dillinger,E.Mohyeldin. Joint Scheduling Algorithms over Heterogeneous networks in a Reconfigurable Environment,5th European Personal Mobile Communications Conference,April,2003,pp.591-596.
[43]HoChan,Pingyi Fan,Zhigang Cao.A Utility-Based Network Selection Scheme for Multiple Services in Heterogeneous Networks,2005 International Conference on Wireless Networks,Communications and Mobile Computing.
[44]D. G. Jeong and W. S.Jeon, "CDMA/TDD system for wireless multimedia services with traffic unbalance between uplink and downlink", IEEE J. Sel.Areas Commun.,vol.17, no.5,pp.939-946, May 1999.
[45]W. S.Jeon and D. G. Jeong, "Call admission control for mobile multimedia communications with traffic asymmetry between uplink and downlink", IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.50, no.1,pp.59-66,Jan.2001.
[46]Wha Sook Jeon, Dong Guen Jeong,"Call Admission Control for Mobile Multimedia Communications with Traffic Asymmetry between Uplink and Downlink",IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL.50, NO.1,JANUARY 2001
[47]Yang Xun, Feng Gang,"Call Admission Control for Multi-service Mobile Networks with Bandwidth Asymmetry between Uplink and Downlink", Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/GLOCOM.2004.1378957
[48]Wei Song and Weihua Zhuang,"Load Balancing for Cellular/WLAN Integrated Networks"
[49]Ning Guoqin, Zhu Guangxi, Peng Liexin Lu Xiaofeng,"Load Balancing Based on Traffic Selection in Heterogeneous Overlapping Cellular Networks",Internet,2005.The First IEEE and IFIP International Conference
[50]Shah, S.I, "UMTS:High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Technology", Networking and Communications Conference,2008.INCC 2008.IEEE International 1-3 May 2008 Page(s):2-2
[51]Mobile WiMAX-Part Ⅰ:A Technical Overview and Performance Evaluation Prepared on Behalf of the WiMAX Forum March,2006
[52]Jin Di, Tan Haifeng, Li Jingchun, "WiMAX System Coverage and Thoughput Reserch", China Radio,2009(1)
[53]Yuan Changji, "Service Model in 3G Wireless Network Plan", Communication & Information Technology,2007(06)