摘要
交通雷达测速抓拍系统具有良好的应用前景,然而,目前交通雷达测速抓拍系统在实际应用方面还存在种种不足,尤其是当有多个车辆目标并行行驶时,测速准确度难以保证。本论文围绕上述问题,对多普勒测速雷达的理论、算法和抓拍系统的设计展开研究。
详细阐述了多普勒雷达的测速原理,并在分析了雷达回波信号的特性后建立了运动目标回波信号的数学模型。以提高交通雷达测速抓拍系统的测速准确度,抓拍率和对目标速度的分辨率为目的,从测速雷达的工作原理出发,对目前雷达测速抓拍系统进行探讨,对影响雷达测速准确度的主要因素进行了详细的分析,并归纳性地总结目前系统存在的问题,并根据这些问题,探讨其对应的改进方案。
研究基于雷达测速的抓拍系统的设计方法,提出系统的设计目标;并据此基于模块化思想进行了软、硬件的设计;介绍了系统实现的流程。
针对目前雷达测速准确度不高以及在多车辆目标辨析技术方面的不足,进行了讨论。首先,为了提高单车道目标测速的准确度,建议选取合适的系统工作频段,用基于FFT频谱分析实现速度测量,以及针对非匀速运动车辆采用基于加速度补偿的雷达测速方法;为提高抓拍率,采用定位准确的窄波束平板雷达。然后,针对多个车辆目标并行行驶的问题,采用基于幅度比较的方法进行目标分辨,并利用时频分析技术来提高对目标速度的分辨能力。同时,选用高性能工业相机,提高抓拍图片的质量。
论文最后对全文工作进行总结,并且展望了进一步的工作。
Traffic radar speed measurement snapshot system has a good prospect of application, however, practical deficiencies are still existed in the current system, especially when multiple targeted vehicles run parallel to each other, the speed measuring accuracy is hard to guarantee. This paper, concentrating these problems above, aims at studying on the Doppler radar theory, algorithm and snapshot system design.
The main focuses of this paper are: firstly, the Doppler radar speed measurement theory is elaborately discussed and the moving target echo signal mathematical model is established through analysis of radar echo signal characteristics. In order to improve accuracy of traffic radar speed measurement snapshot system in speed measurement, snapshot rate, and target speed resolution, based on radar’s working principles, the current system is discussed and main effects on radar accuracy are also analyzed in detail. As a result, a set of corresponding improvements are explored.
Secondly, according to the radar measurement snapshot system design method, the design target is proposed, soft and hardware is designed based on the idea of modularization.
Thirdly, In view of the low accuracy of current radar speed measurement and lack of techniques in target vehicles discrimination, some measures must be taken. Such as in order to improve the accuracy of single lane target velocity, an appropriate system working frequency band and compensated acceleration method for the non uniform motion of vehicles are recommended; speed can be measured by FFT spectrum analysis. Furthermore, high snapshot rate can benefit from the accurate positioning of the narrow beam plate radar. Then, aiming at the multiple target vehicles parallel running problems, the amplitude comparison method for target identification, and time-frequency analysis technology are employed to improve the velocity of the target resolution. At the same time, the high performance industrial cameras can improve the quality of snapshot images.
Finally, the paper gets a summary and gives a outlook on further study.
引文
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