南林895杨转抗旱耐盐基因研究
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摘要
杨树在我国分布广泛,生长较快,适应性强,繁殖容易,并且其基因组小,在传统和分子操作上要比大多数树种简单,是林木育种研究的模式树种。DREB1C转录因子(Dehydration Responsive Element Binding)是一类与逆境胁迫相关的转录因子,它能够识别与干旱、高盐及低温等胁迫应答相关基因启动子区域中的DRE(dehydration responsive element)顺式作用元件并与之结合,从而启动下游抗逆基因的表达,提高植物的抗逆性。开展杨树抗干旱耐盐碱转DREB1C基因研究对于我国干旱、盐碱地区的造林绿化、扩大杨树的栽培区、改善生态环境等方面均具有重要的现实意义。
本研究以南林895杨(美洲黑杨I-69×欧美杨I-45杂种F1中选育出的优良无性系)为受体材料,采用农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导法转化抗逆转录因子DREB1C基因;同时,同源克隆拟南芥逆境胁迫诱导性启动子rd29A,构建植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A并转化杨树,主要试验结果如下:
1.根据NCBI上报道的rd29A启动子序列设计引物,从拟南芥中同源克隆rd29A启动子,构建植物表达载体pBrd,并转化烟草进行活性验证。转基因烟草的GUS组织化学染色及PCR分析结果表明,在低温、干旱及高盐等胁迫诱导下,rd29A启动子可增强GUS基因表达,表明rd29A启动子可应用于植物抗逆基因工程研究。
2.构建由逆境胁迫诱导型启动子rd29A启动目的基因DREB1C表达的植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A,双酶切鉴定结果表明,rd29A启动子成功地插入载体pDR2中;采用液氮冻融法将载体pDR2-rd29A导入农杆菌LB4404中,菌液PCR扩增出目的条带,证明该植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A已转入农杆菌LB4404中。
3.进行选择性抗生素潮霉素的敏感性试验,分别对叶片分化及生根本底浓度进行敏感性试验,结果表明,3mg/L潮霉素(Hyg)可作为芽再生的临界筛选浓度;1.5mg/L Hyg可作为芽生根的筛选浓度。
4.用农杆菌介导法将由两种启动子(组成型启动子35S和逆境胁迫诱导型启动子rd29A)启动的目的基因DREB1C导入南林895杨中。经过潮霉素筛选,得到潮霉素抗性的转35S::DREB1C基因的杨树80株,转rd29A::DREB1C基因的杨树40株。抗性植株的PCR与实时定量PCR分子检测结果,转35S::DREB1C基因杨树有30株呈阳性,转rd29A::DREB1C基因杨树有15株呈阳性,初步证明外源目的基因DREB1C已经整合到南林895杨基因组中。
5.对转基因杨树植株的形态学观察表明,两类转基因植株形态正常,没有发生畸形突变,即没有引起植株的矮化现象。在干旱和高盐胁迫下,两类转基因植株均能正常生长,其生长势优于未转基因植株。这表明两类转基因植株的抗旱耐盐能力均强于对照植株。
Poplar has been recognized as a model tree species by Forest Genetists due to its fast growth, easy propagation, wide adaptation, and its small genome size. DREB1C transcription factor (Dehydration Responsive Element Binding) is correlated with stress and it can distinguish DRE (dehydration responsive element) cis-acting element in the promoter region of stress response genes about drought, high salt, low temperature and so on. Moreover, it can regulate downstream resistance gene’s expression in combination with DRE cis-acting element, sequentially enhance stress resistance of plant. In order to broaden cultivation of poplar, especially in drought and salt area, it is very important to develop transgenic polpar resistant to drought and salt.
In this study, leaf disc of Polulus×euramericana cv.‘Nanlin89’was used as experiment material, adapting to Agrobacterium-mediated to introduce DREB1C gene. Meantime, stress-induced promoter rd29A was homologous cloned from Arabidopsis, and new expression vector was constructed and transferred into Nanlin895 in the same way. The main conclusions of this study were as following:
1. Primers were designed according to sequence reported in NCBI, and then stress-induced promoter rd29A was cloned from Arobdopsis. Plant expression vector pBrd-GUS was constructed and transferred into tobacco in order to test the activity of rd29A promoter. PCR and GUS histochemical stain of transgenic tobacco showed that rd29A promoter was induced by low temperature, dehydration and high salt stress to increase expression of gene GUS. Therefore, rd29A promoter could be used in plant gene engineering for stress resistance improvement.
2. The expression vector pDR2-rd29A was constructed by fusing DREB1C gene with the stress-induced promoter rd29A. The expression vectors were then introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 by freeze-thaw method and proved by enzyme digestion and PCR methods.
3. Antibiotic sensitivity experiment of leaf regeneration and radication were made separatly. Result showed Hyg 3mg/L was critical concentration of leaf regeneration, and Hyg 1.5mg/L was critical concentration of radication.
4. Leaf disc of Nanlin895 was used as experiment material. The expression vectors pDR2 and pDR2-rd29A containing the DREB1C gene under the control of the constitutive promoter CaMV 35S and the stress-induced promoter rd29A respectively were transferred into Nanlin895 by Agrobacterium-mediated method. 80 Hyg resistant plants with 35S::DREB1C gene and 40 resistant plants with rd29A::DREB1C gene were gained via strictly selection by Hyg. PCR and real-time PCR analysis of resistant plants proved 30 plants positive to 35S::DREB1C gene and 15 plants positive to rd29A::DREB1C gene. It could be concluded that DREB1C gene was probably integrated into genome of Nanlin895.
5. Morphological observation of the transgenic plants showed that the growth characteristics of them were normal and Dwarf growth was not observed in this study. Two kinds of transgenic plant growed normally under drought and salt stress, and its growth was much better than the control plant, indicating that the tolerance of transgenic plants to drought and salt was better than that of the control plant.
本研究以南林895杨(美洲黑杨I-69×欧美杨I-45杂种F1中选育出的优良无性系)为受体材料,采用农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导法转化抗逆转录因子DREB1C基因;同时,同源克隆拟南芥逆境胁迫诱导性启动子rd29A,构建植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A并转化杨树,主要试验结果如下:
1.根据NCBI上报道的rd29A启动子序列设计引物,从拟南芥中同源克隆rd29A启动子,构建植物表达载体pBrd,并转化烟草进行活性验证。转基因烟草的GUS组织化学染色及PCR分析结果表明,在低温、干旱及高盐等胁迫诱导下,rd29A启动子可增强GUS基因表达,表明rd29A启动子可应用于植物抗逆基因工程研究。
2.构建由逆境胁迫诱导型启动子rd29A启动目的基因DREB1C表达的植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A,双酶切鉴定结果表明,rd29A启动子成功地插入载体pDR2中;采用液氮冻融法将载体pDR2-rd29A导入农杆菌LB4404中,菌液PCR扩增出目的条带,证明该植物表达载体pDR2-rd29A已转入农杆菌LB4404中。
3.进行选择性抗生素潮霉素的敏感性试验,分别对叶片分化及生根本底浓度进行敏感性试验,结果表明,3mg/L潮霉素(Hyg)可作为芽再生的临界筛选浓度;1.5mg/L Hyg可作为芽生根的筛选浓度。
4.用农杆菌介导法将由两种启动子(组成型启动子35S和逆境胁迫诱导型启动子rd29A)启动的目的基因DREB1C导入南林895杨中。经过潮霉素筛选,得到潮霉素抗性的转35S::DREB1C基因的杨树80株,转rd29A::DREB1C基因的杨树40株。抗性植株的PCR与实时定量PCR分子检测结果,转35S::DREB1C基因杨树有30株呈阳性,转rd29A::DREB1C基因杨树有15株呈阳性,初步证明外源目的基因DREB1C已经整合到南林895杨基因组中。
5.对转基因杨树植株的形态学观察表明,两类转基因植株形态正常,没有发生畸形突变,即没有引起植株的矮化现象。在干旱和高盐胁迫下,两类转基因植株均能正常生长,其生长势优于未转基因植株。这表明两类转基因植株的抗旱耐盐能力均强于对照植株。
Poplar has been recognized as a model tree species by Forest Genetists due to its fast growth, easy propagation, wide adaptation, and its small genome size. DREB1C transcription factor (Dehydration Responsive Element Binding) is correlated with stress and it can distinguish DRE (dehydration responsive element) cis-acting element in the promoter region of stress response genes about drought, high salt, low temperature and so on. Moreover, it can regulate downstream resistance gene’s expression in combination with DRE cis-acting element, sequentially enhance stress resistance of plant. In order to broaden cultivation of poplar, especially in drought and salt area, it is very important to develop transgenic polpar resistant to drought and salt.
In this study, leaf disc of Polulus×euramericana cv.‘Nanlin89’was used as experiment material, adapting to Agrobacterium-mediated to introduce DREB1C gene. Meantime, stress-induced promoter rd29A was homologous cloned from Arabidopsis, and new expression vector was constructed and transferred into Nanlin895 in the same way. The main conclusions of this study were as following:
1. Primers were designed according to sequence reported in NCBI, and then stress-induced promoter rd29A was cloned from Arobdopsis. Plant expression vector pBrd-GUS was constructed and transferred into tobacco in order to test the activity of rd29A promoter. PCR and GUS histochemical stain of transgenic tobacco showed that rd29A promoter was induced by low temperature, dehydration and high salt stress to increase expression of gene GUS. Therefore, rd29A promoter could be used in plant gene engineering for stress resistance improvement.
2. The expression vector pDR2-rd29A was constructed by fusing DREB1C gene with the stress-induced promoter rd29A. The expression vectors were then introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 by freeze-thaw method and proved by enzyme digestion and PCR methods.
3. Antibiotic sensitivity experiment of leaf regeneration and radication were made separatly. Result showed Hyg 3mg/L was critical concentration of leaf regeneration, and Hyg 1.5mg/L was critical concentration of radication.
4. Leaf disc of Nanlin895 was used as experiment material. The expression vectors pDR2 and pDR2-rd29A containing the DREB1C gene under the control of the constitutive promoter CaMV 35S and the stress-induced promoter rd29A respectively were transferred into Nanlin895 by Agrobacterium-mediated method. 80 Hyg resistant plants with 35S::DREB1C gene and 40 resistant plants with rd29A::DREB1C gene were gained via strictly selection by Hyg. PCR and real-time PCR analysis of resistant plants proved 30 plants positive to 35S::DREB1C gene and 15 plants positive to rd29A::DREB1C gene. It could be concluded that DREB1C gene was probably integrated into genome of Nanlin895.
5. Morphological observation of the transgenic plants showed that the growth characteristics of them were normal and Dwarf growth was not observed in this study. Two kinds of transgenic plant growed normally under drought and salt stress, and its growth was much better than the control plant, indicating that the tolerance of transgenic plants to drought and salt was better than that of the control plant.
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