高速DPSK与相干光通信系统研究
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摘要
为了满足人们日益增长的带宽需求,在现代高速大容量光传输技术中普遍采用多进制调制方式以提高光谱利用率。研究表明DPSK调制方式表现出远优于OOK调制方式的传输性能以及更好的抗非线性性能。RZ-DPSK被认为是下一代高速传输系统优先选择的调制方式。
在多进制调制信号的处理方面相干光接收技术和线性光采样的测量技术也成为光通信领域研究发展的热点。相干光通信系统的接收机灵敏度高,传输的中继距离长,更有利于充分利用光纤的宽带,提高通信质量。而线性光采样技术是一种适合于高速PSK、DPSK光信号的测量技术,可以利用基于相干检测的线性光采样技术在高比特速率测量PSK、DPSK信号的波形和眼图。
因此有必要对DPSK调制方式和PSK、DPSK信号的相干光检测通信系统进行深入的探索。本论文对利用双臂MZM实现DPSK信号调制,新型数字相干光接收机系统以及线性光采样技术做了大量的研究,主要工作为以下几点:
(1)研究了利用双臂MZM相位调制器调制DPSK光信号和DPSK光信号的
MZDI平衡检测接收的原理。利用Optisystem光仿真软件仿真了DPSK光信号的MZM调制和MZDI平衡检测接收。
(2)研究了相干光检测的基本原理,设计了基于零差检测和DSP电路的数字相干接收机的原理图,并推导了相关公式。
(3)研究了线性光采样的原理和实现线性光采样的条件以及线性光采样中的噪声分析,推导了相关公式。
(4)设计了线性光采样的实验图,根据实验原理图实现了基于Hybrid的线性光采样仿真。
In order to meet the growing bandwidth needs of people ,M-ary modulation is widely used to enhance the spectrum utilization in the modern high-speed and large-capacity optical transmission technology. It is reported that the performance of the DPSK modulation is far superior to OOK modulation on transmission and resistance to non-linear. RZ-DPSK is considered as the preferred modulation of the next generation high-speed transmission system.
The development of coherent optical receiver technique and linear optical sampling technique has attracted more and more interesting in the field of M-ary signal processing. Coherent optical communication system has high sensitivity and long transmission distance. So it is more conducive to take full advantage of fiber-optic broadband and improve the communication quality. And Linear optical sampling technique is suitable for the measurement of high-speed PSK, DPSK optical signal. We can make use of the linear optical sampling technique based on coherent detection to measure the waveform and eye diagram of PSK or DPSK signal at high-bit-rate. So it is necessary to do in-depth study on the DPSK modulation and coherent optical detection systems of PSK or DPSK signal. The main Research of this dissertation is on the topic of the implemention of the DPSK signal modulation using Dual-arm MZM, new digital coherent receiver and linear opticl sampling technique. The research works are listed as the following.
(1) Research on the implemention of the DPSK signal modulation using Dual-arm MZM and the MZDI balance detection receiver of the DPSK signal. Simulate the MZM modulation and MZDI balanced detection receiver of the DPSK signal using optical simulation software—Optisystem.
(2) Study the basic principles of Coherent optical detection. Design the schematic diagram of the digital coherent receiver based on homodyne detection and DSP circuit. The expression including the principles is deduced.
(3) Study the principles of linear optical sampling, the conditions to do optical sampling and the analysis of the sampling noise The relevant formula is deduced.
(4) Design the schematic diagram of the linear optical sampling and make the Simulation of the linear optical sampling based on the Hybrid.
在多进制调制信号的处理方面相干光接收技术和线性光采样的测量技术也成为光通信领域研究发展的热点。相干光通信系统的接收机灵敏度高,传输的中继距离长,更有利于充分利用光纤的宽带,提高通信质量。而线性光采样技术是一种适合于高速PSK、DPSK光信号的测量技术,可以利用基于相干检测的线性光采样技术在高比特速率测量PSK、DPSK信号的波形和眼图。
因此有必要对DPSK调制方式和PSK、DPSK信号的相干光检测通信系统进行深入的探索。本论文对利用双臂MZM实现DPSK信号调制,新型数字相干光接收机系统以及线性光采样技术做了大量的研究,主要工作为以下几点:
(1)研究了利用双臂MZM相位调制器调制DPSK光信号和DPSK光信号的
MZDI平衡检测接收的原理。利用Optisystem光仿真软件仿真了DPSK光信号的MZM调制和MZDI平衡检测接收。
(2)研究了相干光检测的基本原理,设计了基于零差检测和DSP电路的数字相干接收机的原理图,并推导了相关公式。
(3)研究了线性光采样的原理和实现线性光采样的条件以及线性光采样中的噪声分析,推导了相关公式。
(4)设计了线性光采样的实验图,根据实验原理图实现了基于Hybrid的线性光采样仿真。
In order to meet the growing bandwidth needs of people ,M-ary modulation is widely used to enhance the spectrum utilization in the modern high-speed and large-capacity optical transmission technology. It is reported that the performance of the DPSK modulation is far superior to OOK modulation on transmission and resistance to non-linear. RZ-DPSK is considered as the preferred modulation of the next generation high-speed transmission system.
The development of coherent optical receiver technique and linear optical sampling technique has attracted more and more interesting in the field of M-ary signal processing. Coherent optical communication system has high sensitivity and long transmission distance. So it is more conducive to take full advantage of fiber-optic broadband and improve the communication quality. And Linear optical sampling technique is suitable for the measurement of high-speed PSK, DPSK optical signal. We can make use of the linear optical sampling technique based on coherent detection to measure the waveform and eye diagram of PSK or DPSK signal at high-bit-rate. So it is necessary to do in-depth study on the DPSK modulation and coherent optical detection systems of PSK or DPSK signal. The main Research of this dissertation is on the topic of the implemention of the DPSK signal modulation using Dual-arm MZM, new digital coherent receiver and linear opticl sampling technique. The research works are listed as the following.
(1) Research on the implemention of the DPSK signal modulation using Dual-arm MZM and the MZDI balance detection receiver of the DPSK signal. Simulate the MZM modulation and MZDI balanced detection receiver of the DPSK signal using optical simulation software—Optisystem.
(2) Study the basic principles of Coherent optical detection. Design the schematic diagram of the digital coherent receiver based on homodyne detection and DSP circuit. The expression including the principles is deduced.
(3) Study the principles of linear optical sampling, the conditions to do optical sampling and the analysis of the sampling noise The relevant formula is deduced.
(4) Design the schematic diagram of the linear optical sampling and make the Simulation of the linear optical sampling based on the Hybrid.
引文
[1] Kazuro Kikuchi, Coherent transmission systems, ECOC 2008:21-25
[2] Christophe Dorrer, Monitoring of Optical Signals From Constellation Diagrams Measured With Linear Optical Sampling, JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL 24, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006.
[3]胡浩,高速光传输与全光信号处理技术的研究,博士,天津大学,2008
[4] C. A. Brackett,“Dense wavelength division multiplexing networks: principles and applications,”IEEE J. Select. Area Commun., 1990, vol.8: 373-380.
[5] Weber, H.G.; Ferber, S.; Kroh, M.; Schmidt-Langhorst, C.; Ludwig, R.; Marembert, V.; Boerner, C.; Futami, F.; Watanabe, S.; Schubert, C.;“Single channel 1.28 Tbit/s and 2.56 Tbit/s DQPSK transmission”, Electronics Letters, Vol. 42, No. 3, Feb. 2006, pp:178-179
[6] Gnauck, A.H.; Charlet, G.; Tran, P.; Winzer, P.J.; Doerr, C.R.; Centanni, J.C.; Burrows, E.C.; Kawanishi, T.; Sakamoto, T.; Higuma, K.;“25.6-Tb/s WDM Transmission of Polarization-Multiplexed RZ-DQPSK Signals”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 2008, pp:79-84
[7] G. Charlet et al.“Transmission of 16.4Tbit/s Capacity over 2,550km using PDM QPSK Modulation Format and Coherent Receiver,”OFC2008, PDP3, 2008.
[8] Xiang Zhou et al.“8×114 Gb/s, 25-GHz-spaced, PolMux-RZ-8PSK transmission over 640 km of SSMF employing digital coherent detection and EDFA-only amplification,”OFC2008, PDP1, 2008.
[9] Xu, C., Liu,X.,and Wei, X., Differential Phase-Shift Keying for High Spectral Efficiency Optical Transmissions, IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUA NTUM ELECTRONICS,VOL.10,NO.2,MARCH/APRIRL 2004.
[10]武晓霞.基于DPSK的新型调制格式在高速光纤传输系统中的应用[D].北京:邮电大学, 2006.
[11] R. Ludwig, W. S. Lee, C. Schubert, S. Ferber, C. B?rner, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, H.G. Weber,”80 Gbit/s DPSK Transmission over 480 km Dispersion-managed Fiber with Balanced Detection ETDM Receiver”, Proc. ECOC’05, paper We2.2.3, Glasgow, UK.
[12] R. Ludwig, S. Ferber, C. Boerner, C. Schubert, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, E. Hilliger, M. Kroh, V. Marembert, H.G. Weber,“160 Gbit/s DPSK-Transmission - Technologies and System Impact”, Proc. ECOC’05, inv. paper Tu1.1.3, Stockholm, Sweden.
[13] Gagliardi R M,Karp S.Optical Communication.John W iley Sons Inc.1995
[14]杨祥林.光纤通信系统.北京:国防工业出版社,2000年
[15] Winzer, P.J.; Essiambre, R.-J,“Advanced Optical Modulation Formats”IEEE JNL, Volume 94, May 2006 Page(s):952 - 985 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JPROC.2006.873438
[16] Chikama, T.; Watanabe, S.; Naito, T.; Onaka, H.; Kiyonaga, T.; Onoda, Y.; Miyata, H.; Suyama, M.; Seino, M.; Kuwahara, H,“Modulation and Demodulation Techniques in Optical Heterodyne PSK Transmission Systems”IEEE JNL, Volume 8, Issue 3, March 1990 Page(s):309 - 322Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/50.50728
[17] Gnauck, A.H.; Winzer, P.J.,“Optical Phase-Shift-Keyed Transmission”IEEE JNL, Volume 23, Issue 1, Jan. 2005 Page(s):115– 130.
[18]肖石林曾庆济,光相干探测的应用技术研究,光通信技术,2003年第11期
[19]陈楚黄春晖,改进型相干光检测系统的设计,光电技术与系统,2008年第6期
[20] Dany-Sebastien Ly-Gagnon, Satoshi Tsukamoto, Kazuhiro Katoh,etc,Coherent Detection of Optical Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying Signals With Carrier Phase Estimation, JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 24, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
[21] Leif A. Johansson, Hsu-Feng Chou, Anand Ramaswamy,etc,Coherent Optical Receiver for Linear Optical Phase Demodulation, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California,Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
[22] J. M. Gené, M. Soler, R. I. Killey, and J. Prat,“Investigation of 10 Gb/soptical DQPSK systems in presence of chromatic dispersion, fiber nonlinearitiesand phase noise,”IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 16, no. 3,pp. 924–926, Mar. 2004.
[23]T. Tokle, C. R. Davidson, M. Nissov, J.-X. Cai, D. Foursa, andA. Pilipetskii,“6500 km transmission of RZ-DQPSK WDM signals,”Electron. Lett., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 444–445, Apr. 2004.
[24] A. H. Gnauck, P. Winzer, S. Chandrasekhar, and C. Dorrer,“Spectrally efficient(0.8 b/s/Hz) 1-Tb/s (25×42.7 Gb/s) RZ-DQPSK transmissionover 28 100-km SSMF spans with 7 optical add/drops,”presented at theEur. Conf. Optical Communications (ECOC), Stockholm, Sweden, 2004,Th4.4.1
[25]C. Dorrer, C. R. Doerr, I. Kang, R. Ryf, J. Leuthold, and P. Winzer,“Measurement of eye diagrams and constellation diagrams of opticalsources using linear optics and waveguide technology,”J. Lightw.Technol., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 178–186, Jan. 2005.
[26] C. Dorrer, D. C. Kilper, H. R. StuartLinear ,etc, Linear Optical Sampling, IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL. 15, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2003
[27] A. Ramaswamy, L.A. Johansson, J. Klamkin,etc,Coherent Receiver Based on a Broadband Optical Phase-Lock Loop, 2007 OSA/NFOEC 2007
[28]M. J. Fice and A. J. Seeds, Frequency-Selective Homodyne Coherent Receiverwith an Optical Injection Phase Lock Loop, OFC/NFOEC 2008
[29] P. S. Cho, G. Harston, A. Greenblatt, and A. Kaplan,Integrated Optical Coherent Balanced Receiver,2006 OSA/COTA 2006
[2] Christophe Dorrer, Monitoring of Optical Signals From Constellation Diagrams Measured With Linear Optical Sampling, JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL 24, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006.
[3]胡浩,高速光传输与全光信号处理技术的研究,博士,天津大学,2008
[4] C. A. Brackett,“Dense wavelength division multiplexing networks: principles and applications,”IEEE J. Select. Area Commun., 1990, vol.8: 373-380.
[5] Weber, H.G.; Ferber, S.; Kroh, M.; Schmidt-Langhorst, C.; Ludwig, R.; Marembert, V.; Boerner, C.; Futami, F.; Watanabe, S.; Schubert, C.;“Single channel 1.28 Tbit/s and 2.56 Tbit/s DQPSK transmission”, Electronics Letters, Vol. 42, No. 3, Feb. 2006, pp:178-179
[6] Gnauck, A.H.; Charlet, G.; Tran, P.; Winzer, P.J.; Doerr, C.R.; Centanni, J.C.; Burrows, E.C.; Kawanishi, T.; Sakamoto, T.; Higuma, K.;“25.6-Tb/s WDM Transmission of Polarization-Multiplexed RZ-DQPSK Signals”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 2008, pp:79-84
[7] G. Charlet et al.“Transmission of 16.4Tbit/s Capacity over 2,550km using PDM QPSK Modulation Format and Coherent Receiver,”OFC2008, PDP3, 2008.
[8] Xiang Zhou et al.“8×114 Gb/s, 25-GHz-spaced, PolMux-RZ-8PSK transmission over 640 km of SSMF employing digital coherent detection and EDFA-only amplification,”OFC2008, PDP1, 2008.
[9] Xu, C., Liu,X.,and Wei, X., Differential Phase-Shift Keying for High Spectral Efficiency Optical Transmissions, IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUA NTUM ELECTRONICS,VOL.10,NO.2,MARCH/APRIRL 2004.
[10]武晓霞.基于DPSK的新型调制格式在高速光纤传输系统中的应用[D].北京:邮电大学, 2006.
[11] R. Ludwig, W. S. Lee, C. Schubert, S. Ferber, C. B?rner, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, H.G. Weber,”80 Gbit/s DPSK Transmission over 480 km Dispersion-managed Fiber with Balanced Detection ETDM Receiver”, Proc. ECOC’05, paper We2.2.3, Glasgow, UK.
[12] R. Ludwig, S. Ferber, C. Boerner, C. Schubert, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, E. Hilliger, M. Kroh, V. Marembert, H.G. Weber,“160 Gbit/s DPSK-Transmission - Technologies and System Impact”, Proc. ECOC’05, inv. paper Tu1.1.3, Stockholm, Sweden.
[13] Gagliardi R M,Karp S.Optical Communication.John W iley Sons Inc.1995
[14]杨祥林.光纤通信系统.北京:国防工业出版社,2000年
[15] Winzer, P.J.; Essiambre, R.-J,“Advanced Optical Modulation Formats”IEEE JNL, Volume 94, May 2006 Page(s):952 - 985 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JPROC.2006.873438
[16] Chikama, T.; Watanabe, S.; Naito, T.; Onaka, H.; Kiyonaga, T.; Onoda, Y.; Miyata, H.; Suyama, M.; Seino, M.; Kuwahara, H,“Modulation and Demodulation Techniques in Optical Heterodyne PSK Transmission Systems”IEEE JNL, Volume 8, Issue 3, March 1990 Page(s):309 - 322Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/50.50728
[17] Gnauck, A.H.; Winzer, P.J.,“Optical Phase-Shift-Keyed Transmission”IEEE JNL, Volume 23, Issue 1, Jan. 2005 Page(s):115– 130.
[18]肖石林曾庆济,光相干探测的应用技术研究,光通信技术,2003年第11期
[19]陈楚黄春晖,改进型相干光检测系统的设计,光电技术与系统,2008年第6期
[20] Dany-Sebastien Ly-Gagnon, Satoshi Tsukamoto, Kazuhiro Katoh,etc,Coherent Detection of Optical Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying Signals With Carrier Phase Estimation, JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 24, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
[21] Leif A. Johansson, Hsu-Feng Chou, Anand Ramaswamy,etc,Coherent Optical Receiver for Linear Optical Phase Demodulation, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California,Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
[22] J. M. Gené, M. Soler, R. I. Killey, and J. Prat,“Investigation of 10 Gb/soptical DQPSK systems in presence of chromatic dispersion, fiber nonlinearitiesand phase noise,”IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 16, no. 3,pp. 924–926, Mar. 2004.
[23]T. Tokle, C. R. Davidson, M. Nissov, J.-X. Cai, D. Foursa, andA. Pilipetskii,“6500 km transmission of RZ-DQPSK WDM signals,”Electron. Lett., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 444–445, Apr. 2004.
[24] A. H. Gnauck, P. Winzer, S. Chandrasekhar, and C. Dorrer,“Spectrally efficient(0.8 b/s/Hz) 1-Tb/s (25×42.7 Gb/s) RZ-DQPSK transmissionover 28 100-km SSMF spans with 7 optical add/drops,”presented at theEur. Conf. Optical Communications (ECOC), Stockholm, Sweden, 2004,Th4.4.1
[25]C. Dorrer, C. R. Doerr, I. Kang, R. Ryf, J. Leuthold, and P. Winzer,“Measurement of eye diagrams and constellation diagrams of opticalsources using linear optics and waveguide technology,”J. Lightw.Technol., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 178–186, Jan. 2005.
[26] C. Dorrer, D. C. Kilper, H. R. StuartLinear ,etc, Linear Optical Sampling, IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL. 15, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2003
[27] A. Ramaswamy, L.A. Johansson, J. Klamkin,etc,Coherent Receiver Based on a Broadband Optical Phase-Lock Loop, 2007 OSA/NFOEC 2007
[28]M. J. Fice and A. J. Seeds, Frequency-Selective Homodyne Coherent Receiverwith an Optical Injection Phase Lock Loop, OFC/NFOEC 2008
[29] P. S. Cho, G. Harston, A. Greenblatt, and A. Kaplan,Integrated Optical Coherent Balanced Receiver,2006 OSA/COTA 2006