千米沥青碳纤维收丝系统的控制与试验研究
摘要
碳纤维是一种性能优异的新材料,广泛的应用于航空航天等高技术领域,是当今世界上材料综合性能的高峰,被喻为21世纪的黑色革命。因此,对碳纤维的研究具有重大的意义。
我国碳纤维的研制和生产虽然取得了一定的成绩,但总的来说,研制和生产水平还较低,目前仅相当于国外20世纪70年代中、末期水平。沥青基碳纤维的生产能力小,虽然研究和开发较早,但在开发、生产及应用方面与国外相比有较大的差距。
沥青碳纤维研制要经过原料沥青的精制,沥青的调制,而后形成沥青碳纤维原丝,沥青碳纤维原丝必须经过预氧化和碳化处理,才能成为工业可用的碳纤维丝。本文就沥青碳纤维收丝系统部分进行讨论,设计并研制生产出一套能够对千米沥青碳纤维长丝进行收丝处理,并且能够稳定运行的收丝控制装置。
沥青碳纤维收丝系统采用闭环控制方案,以PLC为控制核心的控制系统,并且设计了人性化的人机界面。
该系统通过实验运行,达到了预期目标,收出了千米沥青碳纤维丝,整个系统工作稳定。目前,所研制生产的沥青碳纤维丝已经开始了实际应用。
千米沥青碳纤维丝的研制,填补了国内空白,对我国碳纤维的研制和生产具有重大的推动意义。
Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent properties applied to the aviation and other high-tech field. It is praised as the summit of the materials comprehensive properties all over the world and called the black revolution in the 21st century. Therefore, the research on carbon fiber has great significance.
Though the development and the production of carbon fiber has obtained certain achievement, conclusively, it is still at a low level which is equal to the level of 1970 ' s abroad. The production capacity of the pitch carbon fiber is on a small scale, though the research in out country is carried out for a long time from the beginning, there are great gap compared with the foreign countries in the research and production application.
The development of the pitch carbon fiber precursors can be made by refining and modulating asphalt, it must be carbonized, and then it can become the pitch carbon fiber. This paper discussed the part of the silk collection, a device for accepting silk, it not only can accept the kilometer pitch carbon fiber, but also can run stably.
The silk collection control system used closed loop control scheme. PLC had become the kernel of the new control system and humanistic man-machine interface was designed as well.
The system had achieved the expected target after the experiment, the kilometer pitch carbon fiber was developed and the system ran stably. At present, the carbon fiber had been used to practical application.
The development of the kilometer pitch carbon fiber filled a domestic gap in this field and had a great significance to the research and production of the carbon fiber.
我国碳纤维的研制和生产虽然取得了一定的成绩,但总的来说,研制和生产水平还较低,目前仅相当于国外20世纪70年代中、末期水平。沥青基碳纤维的生产能力小,虽然研究和开发较早,但在开发、生产及应用方面与国外相比有较大的差距。
沥青碳纤维研制要经过原料沥青的精制,沥青的调制,而后形成沥青碳纤维原丝,沥青碳纤维原丝必须经过预氧化和碳化处理,才能成为工业可用的碳纤维丝。本文就沥青碳纤维收丝系统部分进行讨论,设计并研制生产出一套能够对千米沥青碳纤维长丝进行收丝处理,并且能够稳定运行的收丝控制装置。
沥青碳纤维收丝系统采用闭环控制方案,以PLC为控制核心的控制系统,并且设计了人性化的人机界面。
该系统通过实验运行,达到了预期目标,收出了千米沥青碳纤维丝,整个系统工作稳定。目前,所研制生产的沥青碳纤维丝已经开始了实际应用。
千米沥青碳纤维丝的研制,填补了国内空白,对我国碳纤维的研制和生产具有重大的推动意义。
Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent properties applied to the aviation and other high-tech field. It is praised as the summit of the materials comprehensive properties all over the world and called the black revolution in the 21st century. Therefore, the research on carbon fiber has great significance.
Though the development and the production of carbon fiber has obtained certain achievement, conclusively, it is still at a low level which is equal to the level of 1970 ' s abroad. The production capacity of the pitch carbon fiber is on a small scale, though the research in out country is carried out for a long time from the beginning, there are great gap compared with the foreign countries in the research and production application.
The development of the pitch carbon fiber precursors can be made by refining and modulating asphalt, it must be carbonized, and then it can become the pitch carbon fiber. This paper discussed the part of the silk collection, a device for accepting silk, it not only can accept the kilometer pitch carbon fiber, but also can run stably.
The silk collection control system used closed loop control scheme. PLC had become the kernel of the new control system and humanistic man-machine interface was designed as well.
The system had achieved the expected target after the experiment, the kilometer pitch carbon fiber was developed and the system ran stably. At present, the carbon fiber had been used to practical application.
The development of the kilometer pitch carbon fiber filled a domestic gap in this field and had a great significance to the research and production of the carbon fiber.
引文
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[2]贺福.碳纤维及其应用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.1-12,26-60
[3]罗益锋.新型碳材料.化工技术经济,2005,(4):12-15.
[4]WEN GW,Study on fused quartz glass reinforced by particles and short fibers[J].PhD thesis,Harbin institute of technology,Harbin,1996:89-1 20.
[5]HOUTZ R C,Orlon acrylic fiber:chemistry and properties[J].Textile Research Journal,1950,20(11):786 801.
[6]GUPTA A,HARRISON I R.New aspects in the oxidative stabilization of PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon,1996,34(11):1427-1445.
[7]周燕.高性能碳纤维的发展现状及趋势[J].四川丝绸,2001,(1):42-44
[8]熊佳,黄英,王琦洁.高性能纤维的发展和应用[J].玻璃钢符合材料,2004,(5):49-53
[9]罗益峰.沥青碳纤维发展概况[J].高科技限位与应用,1999,24(4):21-26
[10]马运志.沥青碳纤维的发展和应用[J].山东纺织经济,2006(3):74-76
[11]赵佳森.中间相沥青碳纤维的制取、结构及性能[J],1999,16(6):40-45
[12]卢时林,贾永峰,中间相沥青碳纤维溶纺条件对其力学性能的影响[J].碳素,1992(2):37-44
[13]A.谢皮斯基.纤维成型基本原理[M].上海:上海科技出版社.1983
[14]皱汉涛,孟家光.高性能纤维的性能及其应用[J].纺织科学研究,2001.12-13
[15]王曙中,王庆瑞,刘兆峰.高科技纤维概论[M].上海:中国纺织大学出版社,1999(5):12-17
[16]赵稼祥.世界高性能碳纤维的生产市场与应用[J].新材料产业,2003.16-18
[17]赵利平,高殿斌.一种典型的张力控制系统的研究[J].机械与电子,2006(11)
[18]杜巍,肖军,文立伟等.新型纤维张力控制系统研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2006(4):35-37
[19]陈朝晖.凹印机放卷系统恒张力控制策略的研究.武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[20]王思荣.自动控制原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001
[21]赵利平.缠绕机张力控制研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2006
[22]路华,任胜乐,王永章.以交流数字伺服电机为执行件的张力控制系统[J].制造业自动化,2004,26(6):27-29
[23]罗雨.焊丝层绕机恒张力系统的研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2008
[24]刘建桥.基于DSP的恒张力控制系统研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006
[25]周云端.专用缠绕机的开发与张力系统研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2006
[26]乔勇惠.光电传感器原理及应用[J].可编程逻辑控制器与工厂自动化,2008(05):103-123
[27]ATMEL,Microcontroller Data Book[M].1995
[28]应崇实.电机及拖动基础[D].机械工业出版社,1995
[29]王鉴光.电机控制系统[M].机械工业出版社,2000
[30]程德军.直流电机驱动装置的研制[J].人民长江,1996(27):42-44
[31]ZKT-830系列光电编码盘使用手册[M].无锡瑞普科技有限公司
[32]史敬灼.电动机伺服控制技术[M]_北京:科学出版社,2006
[33]于成江,王安敏,张玉华.电机细分控制系统[J].读者园地,2003(03)
[34]肖本贤,陈荣保,李斌等.电机微步驱动技术研究[J].自动化与仪表,1997(05)
[35]MS2H09 step motor driver DataBook[M].SHAPHON.CORP.2005
[36]LiaoZhiling,JiaHongping;LiuGuohai.Comparative study on vector control and differential geometry decoupling control method of induction motor[J].Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,v2,2005,P1539-1543
[37]YANG Yi rong;ZHU Shan an.Distributed Motor Control Experiment System Based on RS-485 Bus[J].Laboratory Research and Exploration,2002(05)
[38]Comparison among the various types of copolymers as viewed from isothermal DSC thermograms and FT-IR special changes.Polymer Journal,1997,29(7):557-562.
[39]Y.Kabalan,V.Khoury.A Linear Control System Simulation Toolbox Using Spreadsheets.IEEE Control System Magazine,The American University of Beirut,2000,(12):8-14
[40]李浩,马少才,马文斐.旋转编码器在电机速度测量中的应用研究[J].冶金自动化,2008(S2):980-983
[41]史兴安,姜智忠.RS-485串行总线在实时控制中的应用[J].微电子学与计算机.2001(02)
[42]H.H.Rosenbrock.Computer-Aided Control System Design.Academic Press,1999:217-221
[43]H.K.Wook.G.C.Seong.Real-Time Distributed Software-In-the-Loop Simulation for Distributed Control Systems.IEEE International Symposium on Computer Aided Control System Design,Seoul Nat,1 University,1999,(8):115-119
[44]宋受俊,刘卫国.电机控制系统上位机程序设计[J].微特电机,2008(4):3-7
[45]文堂柳,徐艳.PLC技术及其发展研究[J].科技广场,2008(12):239-240
[46]韩明飞,王雪波.论PLC的应用和发展[J].科技信息,2008(12):60-61
[47]K.Phillips,M.Gibson,P.Little.Climb to New Hights by Controlling your PLC over the Internet.InTech.1998,45(8):50-51
[48]Rockwell Automation.PLC-5 Programmable Controller User Instruction Set Reference.Allen-Bradley Co.1996:21-28
[49]宫淑珍,王冬青,徐世许.可编程控制器原理及应用[M].北京:人民有点出版社,2000
[50]杨长能.可编程控制器基础及应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1992
[51]王鹏,阎健.基于PLC的电机转速测量[J].PLC工控机与集散控制系统,2008(3):60-61
[52]胡晓宇.用PLC控制步进电机[J].电子制作,2008(11):30-33
[53]M.Happacher.Decentralized Electronic Control in Automation Application.Electronic.1996,(5):92-100
[54]张志.PLC伺服电机和触摸屏在控制系统中的应用[J].包装与食品机械,2007(25)5
[55]王本军.深入分析串行通讯[J].电脑编程技巧与维护,2002,12
[56]庞宏刚.RS-485总线型通讯系统应用[J].现场总线与网络技术,2005(9):64-67
[57]陶峰,刘晓东.凌阳16位单片机与上位机串行通讯的实现[J].现代电子技术,2006(21):48-53
[58]刘阳.VISUAL BASIC编程指南[M].清华大学出版社,2003
[59]陈立元.VISUAL BASIC与RS-232串行通信控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
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