GPS载波相位时间频率传递研究
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摘要
论文的主要目标是研究基于Ashtech Z12T的GPS载波相位时间频率传递(以下简称GPSCPTT)。论文通过研究GPSCPTT基本原理、Ashtech接收机的校准及其他误差改正、周跳检测与修复、整周模糊度解算方法等关键技术,初步实现了UTC(k)-UTC(j)之间的GPSCPTT,开发了GPSCPTT时间传递计算软件。论文主要内容包括:
研究了GPSCPTT的基本原理;利用Matlab Simulink仿真了GPS接收机中载波相位测量的方法和原理,利用实测数据实现了载波相位测量。
为了提高GPSCPTT的精度,对对流层等几种误差改正提出新的方法。主要包括:IGS观测数据应用于对流层改正;双频P码和双频载波测量电离层实测改正的精度比较,认为在τ< 5 ~ 6d时,双频载波实测改正精度更高;固体潮对天线坐标的影响改正;IGS精密星历和钟产品数据在GPSCPTT中的应用;Ashtech Z12T接收机的校准。
研究了多项式拟合和双频电离层残差组合法的周跳解算方法在GPSCPTT中的应用,该方法能够检测到0.5周的周跳;同时讨论了一种基于小波变换的周跳检测与修复方法。
对经典的LAMBDA(the Least-Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment)方法方作了改进,经典的LAMBDA方法能同时解算接收机坐标和整周模糊度,改进后的方法只解算整周模糊度,因此提高了解算的速度;另外研究了利用双频P码伪距约束条件来解算GPSCPTT中的整周模糊度。
分别利用数据交迭方法和连续滤波方法消除了GPS时间传递中的不连续现象。NTSC-NICT之间的GPSCPTT实验表明,比对结果在取τ< 5d时,其TDEV和MDEV较GPSCV和GPS P3都有明显的提高。
开发了GPSCPTT数据处理软件,利用该软件对NTSC、USNO、PTB等实验室的观测数据进行了处理,结果和参考文献中的处理结果接近,证实了该软件设计正确。和IGS的处理结果相比,GPSCPTT时间稳定度优于0.1ns/d。
最后,研究了GPSCP平滑码伪距测量,平滑方法缩短了码测量的数据采样率,提高了时间传递的短期稳定度。
The objective of this dissertation is to cover the time and frequency transfer using GPS carrier phase based on Ashtech Z12T receiver. The research provide an introduction to the GPSCPTT principle with an emphasis on, Ashtech receiver calibration and other error sources correction, cycle slip detecting and repairing and ambiguity resolution algorithm, et al. Based on these researches, the GPSCPTT between UTC(k) and UTC(j) is primarily realized, and the time transfer software package of GPSCPTT is developed. The major contents include:
A detailed principle of GPSCPTT is developed. The principle of the GPS carrier phase measurement is simulated using the Matlab Simulink and the carrier phase measurement is achieved by real observation data.
In order to improve the GPSCPTT precise, several new mitigation techniques for several errors correction are proposed, mainly include: the application of the IGS observation data to the troposphere correction, the comparison of correctional precise between dual frequency P code and dual carrier measurement, the results indicate that the later has higher precise than the former whenτ< 5 ~ 6d, the correction of the solid tide effect on the antenna coordinate perturbation, the application of the IGS precise ephemeredes and clock products to the GPSCPTT, the Ashtech Z12T receiver calibration.
The cycle slip detection by combining polynomial fit and dual frequency ionosphere residual which can detect the small cycle slips equals to 0.5 cycles is also investigated, meanwhile, a method based on wavelet transform to detect and repair cycle slip is discussed.
The classical LAMBDA method which can resolve both the coordinate of the receiver and the ambiguity resolution is improved. And the improved method only can reckon the ambiguity resolution, so the reckon speed is slow down. In addition, the algorithm for the ambiguity resolution by dual frequency P code pseudo-range constraint is presented.
The methods of continuous filtering and the data overlapping are used respectively to achieve the continuous time and frequency transfer. Time transfer experiments are conducted, for the link of NTSC-NICT, the TDEV and MDEV is obviously hither than that of GPSCV and GPS P3 respectively whenτ<5d.
The software has been developed for GPSCPTT processing, using the software package, through processing the comparison data from the laboratories of NTSC, USNO, PTB, et al, the results indicate that our results are at the same level as several references which based on GIPSY software. These results show that this software design is correct,the difference of our results between IGS’s shows that the time stability is less than 0.1ns/d.
Finally, the result of GPSCP smoothing pseudo-range observation is investigated. The smoothing method reduces the data sampling rate of the pseudo-range measurement and improves the short term stability of the time transfer.
研究了GPSCPTT的基本原理;利用Matlab Simulink仿真了GPS接收机中载波相位测量的方法和原理,利用实测数据实现了载波相位测量。
为了提高GPSCPTT的精度,对对流层等几种误差改正提出新的方法。主要包括:IGS观测数据应用于对流层改正;双频P码和双频载波测量电离层实测改正的精度比较,认为在τ< 5 ~ 6d时,双频载波实测改正精度更高;固体潮对天线坐标的影响改正;IGS精密星历和钟产品数据在GPSCPTT中的应用;Ashtech Z12T接收机的校准。
研究了多项式拟合和双频电离层残差组合法的周跳解算方法在GPSCPTT中的应用,该方法能够检测到0.5周的周跳;同时讨论了一种基于小波变换的周跳检测与修复方法。
对经典的LAMBDA(the Least-Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment)方法方作了改进,经典的LAMBDA方法能同时解算接收机坐标和整周模糊度,改进后的方法只解算整周模糊度,因此提高了解算的速度;另外研究了利用双频P码伪距约束条件来解算GPSCPTT中的整周模糊度。
分别利用数据交迭方法和连续滤波方法消除了GPS时间传递中的不连续现象。NTSC-NICT之间的GPSCPTT实验表明,比对结果在取τ< 5d时,其TDEV和MDEV较GPSCV和GPS P3都有明显的提高。
开发了GPSCPTT数据处理软件,利用该软件对NTSC、USNO、PTB等实验室的观测数据进行了处理,结果和参考文献中的处理结果接近,证实了该软件设计正确。和IGS的处理结果相比,GPSCPTT时间稳定度优于0.1ns/d。
最后,研究了GPSCP平滑码伪距测量,平滑方法缩短了码测量的数据采样率,提高了时间传递的短期稳定度。
The objective of this dissertation is to cover the time and frequency transfer using GPS carrier phase based on Ashtech Z12T receiver. The research provide an introduction to the GPSCPTT principle with an emphasis on, Ashtech receiver calibration and other error sources correction, cycle slip detecting and repairing and ambiguity resolution algorithm, et al. Based on these researches, the GPSCPTT between UTC(k) and UTC(j) is primarily realized, and the time transfer software package of GPSCPTT is developed. The major contents include:
A detailed principle of GPSCPTT is developed. The principle of the GPS carrier phase measurement is simulated using the Matlab Simulink and the carrier phase measurement is achieved by real observation data.
In order to improve the GPSCPTT precise, several new mitigation techniques for several errors correction are proposed, mainly include: the application of the IGS observation data to the troposphere correction, the comparison of correctional precise between dual frequency P code and dual carrier measurement, the results indicate that the later has higher precise than the former whenτ< 5 ~ 6d, the correction of the solid tide effect on the antenna coordinate perturbation, the application of the IGS precise ephemeredes and clock products to the GPSCPTT, the Ashtech Z12T receiver calibration.
The cycle slip detection by combining polynomial fit and dual frequency ionosphere residual which can detect the small cycle slips equals to 0.5 cycles is also investigated, meanwhile, a method based on wavelet transform to detect and repair cycle slip is discussed.
The classical LAMBDA method which can resolve both the coordinate of the receiver and the ambiguity resolution is improved. And the improved method only can reckon the ambiguity resolution, so the reckon speed is slow down. In addition, the algorithm for the ambiguity resolution by dual frequency P code pseudo-range constraint is presented.
The methods of continuous filtering and the data overlapping are used respectively to achieve the continuous time and frequency transfer. Time transfer experiments are conducted, for the link of NTSC-NICT, the TDEV and MDEV is obviously hither than that of GPSCV and GPS P3 respectively whenτ<5d.
The software has been developed for GPSCPTT processing, using the software package, through processing the comparison data from the laboratories of NTSC, USNO, PTB, et al, the results indicate that our results are at the same level as several references which based on GIPSY software. These results show that this software design is correct,the difference of our results between IGS’s shows that the time stability is less than 0.1ns/d.
Finally, the result of GPSCP smoothing pseudo-range observation is investigated. The smoothing method reduces the data sampling rate of the pseudo-range measurement and improves the short term stability of the time transfer.
引文
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