印鉴识别系统的研究
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摘要
尽管生物测定学已经在许多领域中得以广泛应用,但是印鉴识别作为一种个人身份认证被广泛应用于日本等一些亚洲国家,印鉴应用于多种类型的文档。随着信息化的普及和办公自动化程度的不断提高,传统的印鉴管理手段已经无法满足现代业务的需求,包括印鉴的存档和鉴别,特别是在公安、金融领域,更加迫切地需要利用信息技术进行印鉴识别的系统。因此,本文以印鉴图像为研究对象,阐述了目前印鉴识别系统的需求和国內外的研究现状,介绍了当前印鉴识别系统的基本结构,各部分的主要任务以及面临的问题,接着详细介绍印章图像颜色特征的提取、二值化、图像去噪等预处理方法,最后介绍了基于纹理的频谱度量特征的印鉴识别方法。具体如下:
(1)分析了国内外印鉴识别技术研究现状和发展趋势,研究了国内支票特点和业务发展方向,指出了现有印鉴识别存在的问题以及选题的目的和意义;
(2)印鉴预处理部分研究了基于HSI色彩空间的印鉴分割、二值化以及印鉴图像的去噪和填充;
(3)通过各种配准算法的比较后,选择基于几何参数的配准方法,对待验印鉴进行平移变换使得二者的形心重合后,根据参数计算中得出的印鉴偏转角进行印鉴的旋转匹配,从而达到对印鉴图像的配准;
(4)运用基于纹理的频谱度量特性和SVM分类器的识别方法,该方法改进了上述方法由于旋转等问题所引起的识别误差,有效地解决了实际应用中遇到的一系列困难,如印鉴由于人为用力不均及油墨质量等因素的影响等;
实验结果表明,文中提出的基于印鉴纹理的频谱特性的印鉴识别算法,采用支持向量机能够有效的在特征空间对不同类对象的特征进行分类,并且对于有噪声的不理想印鉴图像能较好的分类,从而提高了识别率。
Although biometrics has been used in many areas, seal imprint as a kind of personal identification is widely used in Japan and some other Asian countries. Seal imprint is used in many types of text and most of seal identified by human eyes. With the popularity of information technology and office automation, the traditional means of seal management has been unable to meet modern needs, especially in the public security and financial fields that need to use information technology to identify more urgently. Therefore, this paper introduce the demand in home and the current research abroad of seal imprint, and then particularly discuss identification such as the extraction of seal color, binary, image denoising, at the end of the paper we introduce the identification based on texture features. As follows:
(1) Analyses the cheque's current research and development and then study the cheque's characteristics and the development direction at home. This paper pointed out the existing problems of cheque identification and the purpose and significance of topics;
(2)In the part of preprocess we studied seal segmentation, binary and seal denoising based on HSI color space;
(3)Base on the two seals' deflexion angle gained in parameters calculating to rotation matching after making translation transform the two heart-shaped coincidence;
(4)Put forward an identification method based on the texture of the spectrum and SVM, this method improved the other methods' identification error caused by rotation, effectively solved series difficulties in practical application such as the influence due to chop forced uneven of human factors and the quality of ink.
The experimental results show that, the identification method based on the text in the texture and SVM can effectively classify the different types of objects in characteristics space and can classification correctly in the reasonless seal images, improve the recognition rate.
(1)分析了国内外印鉴识别技术研究现状和发展趋势,研究了国内支票特点和业务发展方向,指出了现有印鉴识别存在的问题以及选题的目的和意义;
(2)印鉴预处理部分研究了基于HSI色彩空间的印鉴分割、二值化以及印鉴图像的去噪和填充;
(3)通过各种配准算法的比较后,选择基于几何参数的配准方法,对待验印鉴进行平移变换使得二者的形心重合后,根据参数计算中得出的印鉴偏转角进行印鉴的旋转匹配,从而达到对印鉴图像的配准;
(4)运用基于纹理的频谱度量特性和SVM分类器的识别方法,该方法改进了上述方法由于旋转等问题所引起的识别误差,有效地解决了实际应用中遇到的一系列困难,如印鉴由于人为用力不均及油墨质量等因素的影响等;
实验结果表明,文中提出的基于印鉴纹理的频谱特性的印鉴识别算法,采用支持向量机能够有效的在特征空间对不同类对象的特征进行分类,并且对于有噪声的不理想印鉴图像能较好的分类,从而提高了识别率。
Although biometrics has been used in many areas, seal imprint as a kind of personal identification is widely used in Japan and some other Asian countries. Seal imprint is used in many types of text and most of seal identified by human eyes. With the popularity of information technology and office automation, the traditional means of seal management has been unable to meet modern needs, especially in the public security and financial fields that need to use information technology to identify more urgently. Therefore, this paper introduce the demand in home and the current research abroad of seal imprint, and then particularly discuss identification such as the extraction of seal color, binary, image denoising, at the end of the paper we introduce the identification based on texture features. As follows:
(1) Analyses the cheque's current research and development and then study the cheque's characteristics and the development direction at home. This paper pointed out the existing problems of cheque identification and the purpose and significance of topics;
(2)In the part of preprocess we studied seal segmentation, binary and seal denoising based on HSI color space;
(3)Base on the two seals' deflexion angle gained in parameters calculating to rotation matching after making translation transform the two heart-shaped coincidence;
(4)Put forward an identification method based on the texture of the spectrum and SVM, this method improved the other methods' identification error caused by rotation, effectively solved series difficulties in practical application such as the influence due to chop forced uneven of human factors and the quality of ink.
The experimental results show that, the identification method based on the text in the texture and SVM can effectively classify the different types of objects in characteristics space and can classification correctly in the reasonless seal images, improve the recognition rate.
引文
[1]张先萌,罗安玉等,用矩不变量实现印鉴自动识别,电子学报,1995(4),100-103
[2]Takenobu Matsuura,Kenta Yamazaki.A Robust Seal Imprint Verification Method with Rotation Invariance[J]Eusipco 2005,272-280
[3]赵永涛,印鉴识别算法研究,重庆大学硕士学位论文,2005年4月,1-2
[4]曾锐,印章特征提取算法研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007年5月,1-2
[5]胡学龙,数字图像处理,电子工业出版社,2006年9月,1-97
[6]Rafael C.Gonzalez,Richard E.Woods,Steven L.Eddins,《数字图像处理》,电子工业出版社,2005.9,46-370
[7]黄良礼,《支票信息提取与印鉴识别方法研究》,湖南大学硕士学位论文,2007年4月,7-8
[8]周琨 张大力 印章鉴定系统中的图像处理研究 计算机工程与应用 2002年第20期
[9]Rafael C.Gonzalez and Richard E.Woods,Digital Image Processing Second Edition,Publishing House of Electronics Industry,BeiJing,2002
[10]Wen Gao,Shenfu Dong,Xilin Chen.A system for automatic Chinese seal imprint verification.Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition,1995,2:660-666
[11]艾武,彭磊等,用于支票印鉴鉴别的图像预处理及配准算法,计算机工程与应用,2003(3)
[12]孔健,唐毅.印鉴提取在票据自动处理中的应用研究.微型电脑应用,2002,18(08):13-15.
[13]Ueda,K.Extraction of signature and seal imprint from bankchecks by using color information.Proceedings of the Third International Conference,1995,vol.2:665-668.
[14]Chia-Ling Tsai,Anna Majerovics,Charles V.Stewart,Badrinath Roysam.Disease-Oriented Evaluation of Dual-Bootstrap Retinal Image Registration.Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention-MIggAI 2003,Volume 2878
[15]J.A.van Dalen,H.J.Huisman,A.Welmers,J.O.Barentsz.Semi-automatic Image Registration of MRI to CT Data of the Prostate Using Gold Markers as Fiducials.Lecture Notes in Computer Science.Volume 2717,2003.311-320.
[16]B Gatos,N Papamarkos,C Chamzas.Skew detection and text line position determination in digitized documents.Pattern Recognition,1997,30(9):1505-1519
[17]张玲,张永军等.鉴印系统中印章几何参数的计算.信息与电子工程.2006,4(3):197-199.
[18]T Horiuchi.Automatic seal verification by evaluating positive cost[C].In:Proc 6~(th)International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition,2001:572-576.
[19]Yung-sheng Chen Computer Processing on the Identification of a Chinese Seal Image 0-8186-7128-9/95 1995 IEEE
[20]M Chen,X Ding.A robust skew detection algorithm for gray scale document image.In:Proceedings of International Conference of Document Analysis and Recognition,Bangalore,India,1999.617-620
[21]Gonzalez R.C,Woods R.E.Digital Image Processing.New Jersey:prentice Hall,2002
[22]田自君,刘艺.基于LOG算子边缘检测的图像二值化处理.中国测试技术.2007年(6)
[23]王彤.基于形态学的彩色图像分割算法研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文.2005年3月
[24]Chou Ju-Pei,Chen Hu-Sheng,Dhinese Seal Identification,CH2892-8/91990 IEEE.
[25]姜珊,王跃存.基于中值滤波和形态学的去噪算法.仪器仪表用户.Vol.142007 No.4
[26]冯星奎,肖兴明,尹洪君.方向加权中值滤波算法.中国图象图形学报.Vol 5(A),No.7,July 2000
[27]王兴伟,沈兰荪等.基于改进的K-均值聚类和数学形态学的彩色眼科图像病灶分割.2002年10月,第21卷第5期
[28]祁大勇,韩月秋.一种快速图象中值滤波算法.北京理工大学学报,1996,16(04):454-456
[29]崔屹.图像处理与分析-数学形态学方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,2000.20-40
[30]李朝锋,王士同.基于形态学Top-Hat算子和知识处理的目标识别方法.微电子学与计算机.2005年第22卷第12期
[31]姜立军,李哲林.基于形态学Top-Hat算子实现运动图像的分割与识别.工程图学学报.2006年第6期
[32]边肇祺,张学工等,模式识别(第二版),清华大学出版社,1999.12
[33]刘重庆 曾东武等 在印鉴识别中的配准方法 上海交通大学学报 1998年9月 第32卷 第9期
[34]李俊 杨新等 基于对称Hough变换的印章倾斜校正方法 模式识别与人工智能第50卷第1期2001年3月
[35]Maher Ahmed and Rabab Ward A Rotation Invariant Rule-Based Thinning Algorithm for Character Recognition,IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence,vol24,No.12,December 2002
[36]Lei Y W,Wong k C.Ellipse detection based on Symmetry.Pattern Recognition Letter,1999,20(1):41-47.[31]
[37]傅德胜,刘珍丽.印鉴图像配准与特征提取.模式识别与人工智能,2002,15(3):382-384.
[38]李俊山,沈绪榜.图象匹配技术研究.微电子学与计算机,2000,2:10-14
[39]廖闻剑,成瑜.基于多分类器决策融合的印鉴真伪鉴别方法.南京航空航天大学学报.2002,34(04):368-370
[40]孙即祥.现代模式识别.长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2001
[41]沈庭芝,方子文.数字图像处理与模式识别.北京理工大学出版社,1998:150.160
[42]C.T.Zach and R.T.Posdies.Fourier Descriptors for Plane Closed Curves.IEEE Trans on Computers,1972.21:269-281.
[43]E.Persoon and K.S.Fu.Shape Discrimination Using Fourier Descriptors.IEEE Trans on Syst Man Cybem,1977.7(3):388-397
[44]金伟波.基于支持向量机方法和植物miRNA预测及小麦miRNA的克隆.西北农林科技大学.2007年4月:12-18
[2]Takenobu Matsuura,Kenta Yamazaki.A Robust Seal Imprint Verification Method with Rotation Invariance[J]Eusipco 2005,272-280
[3]赵永涛,印鉴识别算法研究,重庆大学硕士学位论文,2005年4月,1-2
[4]曾锐,印章特征提取算法研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007年5月,1-2
[5]胡学龙,数字图像处理,电子工业出版社,2006年9月,1-97
[6]Rafael C.Gonzalez,Richard E.Woods,Steven L.Eddins,《数字图像处理》,电子工业出版社,2005.9,46-370
[7]黄良礼,《支票信息提取与印鉴识别方法研究》,湖南大学硕士学位论文,2007年4月,7-8
[8]周琨 张大力 印章鉴定系统中的图像处理研究 计算机工程与应用 2002年第20期
[9]Rafael C.Gonzalez and Richard E.Woods,Digital Image Processing Second Edition,Publishing House of Electronics Industry,BeiJing,2002
[10]Wen Gao,Shenfu Dong,Xilin Chen.A system for automatic Chinese seal imprint verification.Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition,1995,2:660-666
[11]艾武,彭磊等,用于支票印鉴鉴别的图像预处理及配准算法,计算机工程与应用,2003(3)
[12]孔健,唐毅.印鉴提取在票据自动处理中的应用研究.微型电脑应用,2002,18(08):13-15.
[13]Ueda,K.Extraction of signature and seal imprint from bankchecks by using color information.Proceedings of the Third International Conference,1995,vol.2:665-668.
[14]Chia-Ling Tsai,Anna Majerovics,Charles V.Stewart,Badrinath Roysam.Disease-Oriented Evaluation of Dual-Bootstrap Retinal Image Registration.Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention-MIggAI 2003,Volume 2878
[15]J.A.van Dalen,H.J.Huisman,A.Welmers,J.O.Barentsz.Semi-automatic Image Registration of MRI to CT Data of the Prostate Using Gold Markers as Fiducials.Lecture Notes in Computer Science.Volume 2717,2003.311-320.
[16]B Gatos,N Papamarkos,C Chamzas.Skew detection and text line position determination in digitized documents.Pattern Recognition,1997,30(9):1505-1519
[17]张玲,张永军等.鉴印系统中印章几何参数的计算.信息与电子工程.2006,4(3):197-199.
[18]T Horiuchi.Automatic seal verification by evaluating positive cost[C].In:Proc 6~(th)International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition,2001:572-576.
[19]Yung-sheng Chen Computer Processing on the Identification of a Chinese Seal Image 0-8186-7128-9/95 1995 IEEE
[20]M Chen,X Ding.A robust skew detection algorithm for gray scale document image.In:Proceedings of International Conference of Document Analysis and Recognition,Bangalore,India,1999.617-620
[21]Gonzalez R.C,Woods R.E.Digital Image Processing.New Jersey:prentice Hall,2002
[22]田自君,刘艺.基于LOG算子边缘检测的图像二值化处理.中国测试技术.2007年(6)
[23]王彤.基于形态学的彩色图像分割算法研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文.2005年3月
[24]Chou Ju-Pei,Chen Hu-Sheng,Dhinese Seal Identification,CH2892-8/91990 IEEE.
[25]姜珊,王跃存.基于中值滤波和形态学的去噪算法.仪器仪表用户.Vol.142007 No.4
[26]冯星奎,肖兴明,尹洪君.方向加权中值滤波算法.中国图象图形学报.Vol 5(A),No.7,July 2000
[27]王兴伟,沈兰荪等.基于改进的K-均值聚类和数学形态学的彩色眼科图像病灶分割.2002年10月,第21卷第5期
[28]祁大勇,韩月秋.一种快速图象中值滤波算法.北京理工大学学报,1996,16(04):454-456
[29]崔屹.图像处理与分析-数学形态学方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,2000.20-40
[30]李朝锋,王士同.基于形态学Top-Hat算子和知识处理的目标识别方法.微电子学与计算机.2005年第22卷第12期
[31]姜立军,李哲林.基于形态学Top-Hat算子实现运动图像的分割与识别.工程图学学报.2006年第6期
[32]边肇祺,张学工等,模式识别(第二版),清华大学出版社,1999.12
[33]刘重庆 曾东武等 在印鉴识别中的配准方法 上海交通大学学报 1998年9月 第32卷 第9期
[34]李俊 杨新等 基于对称Hough变换的印章倾斜校正方法 模式识别与人工智能第50卷第1期2001年3月
[35]Maher Ahmed and Rabab Ward A Rotation Invariant Rule-Based Thinning Algorithm for Character Recognition,IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence,vol24,No.12,December 2002
[36]Lei Y W,Wong k C.Ellipse detection based on Symmetry.Pattern Recognition Letter,1999,20(1):41-47.[31]
[37]傅德胜,刘珍丽.印鉴图像配准与特征提取.模式识别与人工智能,2002,15(3):382-384.
[38]李俊山,沈绪榜.图象匹配技术研究.微电子学与计算机,2000,2:10-14
[39]廖闻剑,成瑜.基于多分类器决策融合的印鉴真伪鉴别方法.南京航空航天大学学报.2002,34(04):368-370
[40]孙即祥.现代模式识别.长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2001
[41]沈庭芝,方子文.数字图像处理与模式识别.北京理工大学出版社,1998:150.160
[42]C.T.Zach and R.T.Posdies.Fourier Descriptors for Plane Closed Curves.IEEE Trans on Computers,1972.21:269-281.
[43]E.Persoon and K.S.Fu.Shape Discrimination Using Fourier Descriptors.IEEE Trans on Syst Man Cybem,1977.7(3):388-397
[44]金伟波.基于支持向量机方法和植物miRNA预测及小麦miRNA的克隆.西北农林科技大学.2007年4月:12-18