水稻卷叶基因RL14和叶绿体发育基因TLC1的图位克隆与功能分析
|
摘要
1.RL14基因的图位克隆与功能分析
叶片是植物接受和转化太阳能的主要器官。水稻等高密度栽培的农作物,适度卷叶对改善中下部叶片受光条件、延缓叶片衰老、延长叶片功能期,从而提高产量具有一定的作用。袁隆平等育种家也提出,叶片适度卷曲是水稻理想株型要素之一。在长期的育种实践和基础研究过程中,也积累一部分性状优良的卷叶材料和突变体,但是对其卷叶形成的生理和分子遗传机理的研究还相对滞后。本研究在EMS(甲基磺酸乙酯)诱变缙恢10号,所得突变体库中筛选获得2个卷叶等位突变体,命名为rolling leaf14-1(rll4-1)、rolling leaf14-2(rl14-2)。因其卷叶形态相似,所以本研究以缙恢10号为野生型对照,对突变体rl14-1农艺性状、株型特征进行了分析。利用扫描电镜、组织切片等仪器和技术,对rl14-1突变体进行了细胞学、生理学特征研究。以分子标记为基础完成了RL14基因的图位克隆,并结合qRTPCR技术、mRNA组织原位杂交技术对RL14基因的时空表达特征进行了分析。主要结果如下：
1.1 rl14突变体特征
rl14-1突变体全生育期表现叶片卷曲性状。抽穗期功能叶卷曲度介于40%-50%之间,突变体功能叶叶基角显著小于野生型对照,表现叶片卷曲、挺直。突变体株高低于野生型,而千粒重显著高于野生型对照。突变体叶片蒸腾速率、气孔导度均显著低于野生型对照,而水分利用效率显著高于野生型对照。突变体叶片气孔复合体面积显著低于野生型。对不同时期突变体叶片石蜡切片分析表明,突变体叶片泡状细胞形态异常呈萎缩失水状。
1.2图位克隆
rl14突变体突变性状受隐性单基因控制,初步定位将RL14定位在第10染色体SSR标记RM3123和RM1162之间遗传距离分别为7.5cM和9.6cM。精细定位将RL14定位在标记SID2与SW24之间,物理距离24.5kb区域内。对定位区间内的注释基因测序分析发现,突变体r114-1为启动子序列突变,突变导致基因表达量显著下降。突变体r114-2为基因编码序列突变,突变导致RL14蛋白保守区域氨基酸序列发生异亮氨酸(I)到苏氨酸(T)的替换。转基因功能互补验证试验表明转基因植株叶片平展,泡状细胞形态正常。蛋白质序列分析发现RL14基因编码2OG-Fe(II)氧化酶蛋白,属2OG-Fe(II)氧化酶基因家族。RL14蛋白在细胞核、细胞质中均有分布。组织特异性分析表明RL14基因在根、全展叶、叶鞘中表达量较高,在未抽叶、茎及幼穗中微量表达。mRNA组织原位杂交分析表明在尚未抽出的幼叶中RL14基因仅在维管束两侧厚壁细胞中表达,而在全展叶片中RL14基因的表达扩展到整个叶肉细胞中,表达时期与细胞次生壁的形成时期相符。
1.3相关基因表达分析及纤维素木质素含量测定
细胞次生壁形成相关转录因子、纤维素和木质素合成关键基因表达量在rl14-1叶片中均显著变化；突变体叶片纤维素含量显著上升,木质素含量显著下降,进一步证明RL14基因影响厚壁细胞及叶肉细胞次生壁的形成。结合rl14-1突变体所表现的生理和细胞学特征,我们推测细胞次生壁组成和结构的变化影响从叶片维管束到泡状细胞的水分运输导致叶片卷曲。
2温敏性黄绿叶突变体tlc1的基因克隆和功能分析
叶绿体是植物特有的、称为质体的细胞器家族中的一员。叶绿体也像线粒体,有自己的DNA、RNA和核糖体,表现出相当程度的自主性。但是许多关键的叶绿体组分蛋白仍由细胞核基因编码,所以叶绿体的发育和功能发挥,需要核基因和叶绿体编码基因相协调。叶色突变常直接或间接与叶绿体发育相关,因此是研究叶绿体发育的重要材料。本研究所在水稻EMS突变体库中,发现一个温度敏感型黄叶突变体,命名为temperature-impressible leaf color1(tlcl)。在不同栽培条件下,对其表型特征进行了跟踪观察,对突变体光合色素含量,叶绿体特征等进行了观测分析。同时对突变基因进行了遗传分析和图位克隆。主要结果如下
2.1突变体tlc1表型及生理特征
大田栽培条件下tlc1突变体叶色表现为黄、绿相间。20℃、30℃恒温条件下,突变体叶片分别表现为黄色和淡绿色。20℃突变体叶绿素含量急剧下降,H202大量累积,叶绿体分化受阻,呈质体状态。PSⅡ(光系统11)各项参数,类囊体膜蛋白含量均显著下降。
2.2基因精细定位及候选基因分析
精细定位将TLC1基因定位于第3染色体SSR标记RM15330与Y10之间,物理距离68.4Kb范围内,与SSR标记Y7共分离。对定位区间内所包含的13个编码基因测序分析,未在突变体与野生型间发现编码序列差异。对13个基因在不同温度下表达量进行qRTPCR分析,发现突变体中TLC1基因的表达量在低温下显著低于野生型。结合TLC1基因表达模式和突变体叶绿体发育特征将候选基因确定为TLC1。
2.3叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成、PSⅠ、PSⅡ相关基因表达分析
对不同栽培条件下叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成、PSⅠ、PSⅡ相关基因表达分析发现,TLC1基因突变显著影响叶绿体编码基因的表达。特别是在20℃条件下,叶绿体编码基因表达量不足野生型50%。综上所述,我们认为TLC1基因具有调控叶绿体编码基因表达,促进叶绿体分化的功能。突变导致TLC1基因自身表达量降低,是造成tlc1突变体,温度敏感表型的主要原因。但是TLC1基因突变的遗传机理,和对叶绿体编码基因的调控途径,有待更深入的研究。
1. RL14 gene map base clone and functional research
As an important agronomic trait, leaf rolling in rice(Oryza sativa L.) has attracted much attention from plant biologists and breeders. However, the relevant molecular mechanism for some kind of leaf rolling mutant remains unclear. Here, we use histological analysis, SEM and other basic method to research rl14-1 mutants various characteristic and map-based cloning of the gene RL14, and through qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization analysis RL14 genes expression pattern.
1.1. Phenotypic characterization of rl14-1 mutants
Histological analysis found that rl14-1 mutant plants had incurved leaves due to the shrinkage of bulliform cells on the adaxial side. Moreover, rl14-1 mutant plants displayed smaller stomatal complexes and decreased transpiration rates, compared with the wild type.
1.2. Map-based cloning and expression pattern analysis of RL14
The RL14 locus was localized further to a 24.5-kb region between markers SID2 and SW24. Amplification of relevant DNA fragments and sequence comparison revealed that rl14-1 and rl14-2 resulted from a single base deletion in the 517 bp upstream of the start codon and a single nucleotide mutation at codon 190 (T/C) in the second exon, respectively. The identity of rl14 was subsequently confirmed by genetic complementation experiments. The shape of leaves and bulliform were all restored to levels of wild-type plants upon transformation with the RL14 gene.Our results reveal RL14 was transcribed in sclerenchymatous cells in leaves that remained wrapped inside the sheath. In mature leaves, RL14 accumulated mainly in the mesophyll cells that surround the vasculature.
1.3. RL14 affected formation of the secondary cell wall
Expression of genes related to secondary cell wall formation was affected in rl14-1 mutants, cellulose and lignin content was altered in rl14-1 leaves. These results reveal that the RL14 gene affects water transport in leaves by affecting the composition of the secondary cell wall. This change in water transport results to water deficiency, which is the major reason for the abnormal shape of the bulliform cells.
2. TLC1 gene map base clone and functional research
Chloroplasts are essential for the unique photoautotrophic and sessile existence of higher plants. Chloroplasts account for 50% of the total soluble protein in leaves, and these proteins are encoded by both nuclear and chloroplast genomes. Plastid development from proplastids to photosynthetically active chloroplasts is one of the most important metabolic processes during plant growth and is coordinately regulated by both plastid and nuclear genes. A number of chlorophyll (Ch1) and chloroplast associated mutations that affect leaf coloration have been identified and are referred to as virescent (v), stripe (st), albino, chlorina, zebra, and yellow variegated depending on their diverse phenotypes. In this study, we describe a leaf color mutant temperature-impressible leaf color1 (tlcl)(tlc1) from the EMS mutant library. The mutant plant exhibits a yellow-green leaf phenotype, decreased level of Chl, and delayed chloroplast development at 20℃. Fine mapped tlcl locus and identified tlcl gene by its expression pattern.
2.1. Phenotypic characterization of tlcl mutants
under paddy field conditions, tlcl plants largely exhibit a yellow and pale green leaves, while it displayed yellow at 20℃and pale at 30℃.The chlorophyll content decreased but the H2O2 content increased in tlcl mutant leaves. TEM observation found the development of chloroplast in mutant leaves was delayed. Photosynthetic capacity was significantly lower in tlcl mutant leaves; assembly of photosynthetic complexes was impaired in tlcl mutant.
2.2. Fine map of tlcl locus and tlcl mutation analysis.
Fine mapped the tlcl locus between RM1533O and Y10 from a segregating population of 560 recessive individuals. The tlcl gene was narrowed down to a 68.4kb genomic DNA region between the SSR markers RM15330 and Y10, and cosegregated with Y7. There were 13 hypothetical and expressed genes in this region that were already annotated and we identified tlcl candidate gene by its expression trait.
2.3. Transcription analysis of chloroplast development-related genes in mutant plants.
We analyze the expression of genes associated with Chl biosynthesis, photosynthesis, or chloroplast development by qRTPCR. The result show transcript levels of chloroplast code gene were down regulated in mutant.Together we conclude TLC1 gene functioned for chloroplast code gene expression and chloroplast differentiation and development.
叶片是植物接受和转化太阳能的主要器官。水稻等高密度栽培的农作物,适度卷叶对改善中下部叶片受光条件、延缓叶片衰老、延长叶片功能期,从而提高产量具有一定的作用。袁隆平等育种家也提出,叶片适度卷曲是水稻理想株型要素之一。在长期的育种实践和基础研究过程中,也积累一部分性状优良的卷叶材料和突变体,但是对其卷叶形成的生理和分子遗传机理的研究还相对滞后。本研究在EMS(甲基磺酸乙酯)诱变缙恢10号,所得突变体库中筛选获得2个卷叶等位突变体,命名为rolling leaf14-1(rll4-1)、rolling leaf14-2(rl14-2)。因其卷叶形态相似,所以本研究以缙恢10号为野生型对照,对突变体rl14-1农艺性状、株型特征进行了分析。利用扫描电镜、组织切片等仪器和技术,对rl14-1突变体进行了细胞学、生理学特征研究。以分子标记为基础完成了RL14基因的图位克隆,并结合qRTPCR技术、mRNA组织原位杂交技术对RL14基因的时空表达特征进行了分析。主要结果如下：
1.1 rl14突变体特征
rl14-1突变体全生育期表现叶片卷曲性状。抽穗期功能叶卷曲度介于40%-50%之间,突变体功能叶叶基角显著小于野生型对照,表现叶片卷曲、挺直。突变体株高低于野生型,而千粒重显著高于野生型对照。突变体叶片蒸腾速率、气孔导度均显著低于野生型对照,而水分利用效率显著高于野生型对照。突变体叶片气孔复合体面积显著低于野生型。对不同时期突变体叶片石蜡切片分析表明,突变体叶片泡状细胞形态异常呈萎缩失水状。
1.2图位克隆
rl14突变体突变性状受隐性单基因控制,初步定位将RL14定位在第10染色体SSR标记RM3123和RM1162之间遗传距离分别为7.5cM和9.6cM。精细定位将RL14定位在标记SID2与SW24之间,物理距离24.5kb区域内。对定位区间内的注释基因测序分析发现,突变体r114-1为启动子序列突变,突变导致基因表达量显著下降。突变体r114-2为基因编码序列突变,突变导致RL14蛋白保守区域氨基酸序列发生异亮氨酸(I)到苏氨酸(T)的替换。转基因功能互补验证试验表明转基因植株叶片平展,泡状细胞形态正常。蛋白质序列分析发现RL14基因编码2OG-Fe(II)氧化酶蛋白,属2OG-Fe(II)氧化酶基因家族。RL14蛋白在细胞核、细胞质中均有分布。组织特异性分析表明RL14基因在根、全展叶、叶鞘中表达量较高,在未抽叶、茎及幼穗中微量表达。mRNA组织原位杂交分析表明在尚未抽出的幼叶中RL14基因仅在维管束两侧厚壁细胞中表达,而在全展叶片中RL14基因的表达扩展到整个叶肉细胞中,表达时期与细胞次生壁的形成时期相符。
1.3相关基因表达分析及纤维素木质素含量测定
细胞次生壁形成相关转录因子、纤维素和木质素合成关键基因表达量在rl14-1叶片中均显著变化；突变体叶片纤维素含量显著上升,木质素含量显著下降,进一步证明RL14基因影响厚壁细胞及叶肉细胞次生壁的形成。结合rl14-1突变体所表现的生理和细胞学特征,我们推测细胞次生壁组成和结构的变化影响从叶片维管束到泡状细胞的水分运输导致叶片卷曲。
2温敏性黄绿叶突变体tlc1的基因克隆和功能分析
叶绿体是植物特有的、称为质体的细胞器家族中的一员。叶绿体也像线粒体,有自己的DNA、RNA和核糖体,表现出相当程度的自主性。但是许多关键的叶绿体组分蛋白仍由细胞核基因编码,所以叶绿体的发育和功能发挥,需要核基因和叶绿体编码基因相协调。叶色突变常直接或间接与叶绿体发育相关,因此是研究叶绿体发育的重要材料。本研究所在水稻EMS突变体库中,发现一个温度敏感型黄叶突变体,命名为temperature-impressible leaf color1(tlcl)。在不同栽培条件下,对其表型特征进行了跟踪观察,对突变体光合色素含量,叶绿体特征等进行了观测分析。同时对突变基因进行了遗传分析和图位克隆。主要结果如下
2.1突变体tlc1表型及生理特征
大田栽培条件下tlc1突变体叶色表现为黄、绿相间。20℃、30℃恒温条件下,突变体叶片分别表现为黄色和淡绿色。20℃突变体叶绿素含量急剧下降,H202大量累积,叶绿体分化受阻,呈质体状态。PSⅡ(光系统11)各项参数,类囊体膜蛋白含量均显著下降。
2.2基因精细定位及候选基因分析
精细定位将TLC1基因定位于第3染色体SSR标记RM15330与Y10之间,物理距离68.4Kb范围内,与SSR标记Y7共分离。对定位区间内所包含的13个编码基因测序分析,未在突变体与野生型间发现编码序列差异。对13个基因在不同温度下表达量进行qRTPCR分析,发现突变体中TLC1基因的表达量在低温下显著低于野生型。结合TLC1基因表达模式和突变体叶绿体发育特征将候选基因确定为TLC1。
2.3叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成、PSⅠ、PSⅡ相关基因表达分析
对不同栽培条件下叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成、PSⅠ、PSⅡ相关基因表达分析发现,TLC1基因突变显著影响叶绿体编码基因的表达。特别是在20℃条件下,叶绿体编码基因表达量不足野生型50%。综上所述,我们认为TLC1基因具有调控叶绿体编码基因表达,促进叶绿体分化的功能。突变导致TLC1基因自身表达量降低,是造成tlc1突变体,温度敏感表型的主要原因。但是TLC1基因突变的遗传机理,和对叶绿体编码基因的调控途径,有待更深入的研究。
1. RL14 gene map base clone and functional research
As an important agronomic trait, leaf rolling in rice(Oryza sativa L.) has attracted much attention from plant biologists and breeders. However, the relevant molecular mechanism for some kind of leaf rolling mutant remains unclear. Here, we use histological analysis, SEM and other basic method to research rl14-1 mutants various characteristic and map-based cloning of the gene RL14, and through qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization analysis RL14 genes expression pattern.
1.1. Phenotypic characterization of rl14-1 mutants
Histological analysis found that rl14-1 mutant plants had incurved leaves due to the shrinkage of bulliform cells on the adaxial side. Moreover, rl14-1 mutant plants displayed smaller stomatal complexes and decreased transpiration rates, compared with the wild type.
1.2. Map-based cloning and expression pattern analysis of RL14
The RL14 locus was localized further to a 24.5-kb region between markers SID2 and SW24. Amplification of relevant DNA fragments and sequence comparison revealed that rl14-1 and rl14-2 resulted from a single base deletion in the 517 bp upstream of the start codon and a single nucleotide mutation at codon 190 (T/C) in the second exon, respectively. The identity of rl14 was subsequently confirmed by genetic complementation experiments. The shape of leaves and bulliform were all restored to levels of wild-type plants upon transformation with the RL14 gene.Our results reveal RL14 was transcribed in sclerenchymatous cells in leaves that remained wrapped inside the sheath. In mature leaves, RL14 accumulated mainly in the mesophyll cells that surround the vasculature.
1.3. RL14 affected formation of the secondary cell wall
Expression of genes related to secondary cell wall formation was affected in rl14-1 mutants, cellulose and lignin content was altered in rl14-1 leaves. These results reveal that the RL14 gene affects water transport in leaves by affecting the composition of the secondary cell wall. This change in water transport results to water deficiency, which is the major reason for the abnormal shape of the bulliform cells.
2. TLC1 gene map base clone and functional research
Chloroplasts are essential for the unique photoautotrophic and sessile existence of higher plants. Chloroplasts account for 50% of the total soluble protein in leaves, and these proteins are encoded by both nuclear and chloroplast genomes. Plastid development from proplastids to photosynthetically active chloroplasts is one of the most important metabolic processes during plant growth and is coordinately regulated by both plastid and nuclear genes. A number of chlorophyll (Ch1) and chloroplast associated mutations that affect leaf coloration have been identified and are referred to as virescent (v), stripe (st), albino, chlorina, zebra, and yellow variegated depending on their diverse phenotypes. In this study, we describe a leaf color mutant temperature-impressible leaf color1 (tlcl)(tlc1) from the EMS mutant library. The mutant plant exhibits a yellow-green leaf phenotype, decreased level of Chl, and delayed chloroplast development at 20℃. Fine mapped tlcl locus and identified tlcl gene by its expression pattern.
2.1. Phenotypic characterization of tlcl mutants
under paddy field conditions, tlcl plants largely exhibit a yellow and pale green leaves, while it displayed yellow at 20℃and pale at 30℃.The chlorophyll content decreased but the H2O2 content increased in tlcl mutant leaves. TEM observation found the development of chloroplast in mutant leaves was delayed. Photosynthetic capacity was significantly lower in tlcl mutant leaves; assembly of photosynthetic complexes was impaired in tlcl mutant.
2.2. Fine map of tlcl locus and tlcl mutation analysis.
Fine mapped the tlcl locus between RM1533O and Y10 from a segregating population of 560 recessive individuals. The tlcl gene was narrowed down to a 68.4kb genomic DNA region between the SSR markers RM15330 and Y10, and cosegregated with Y7. There were 13 hypothetical and expressed genes in this region that were already annotated and we identified tlcl candidate gene by its expression trait.
2.3. Transcription analysis of chloroplast development-related genes in mutant plants.
We analyze the expression of genes associated with Chl biosynthesis, photosynthesis, or chloroplast development by qRTPCR. The result show transcript levels of chloroplast code gene were down regulated in mutant.Together we conclude TLC1 gene functioned for chloroplast code gene expression and chloroplast differentiation and development.
引文
1. Adenot X, Elmayan T, Lauressergues D, Boutet S, Bouch., Gasciolli V, Vaucheret H (2006) DRB4-dependent TAS3 trans-acting siRNAs control leaf morphology through AGO7. Current Biology 16:927-932
2. Aeong Oh S, Park JH, In Lee G, Hee Paek K, Ki Park S, Gil Nam H (1997) Identification of three genetic loci controlling leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 12: 527-535
3. Agrawal GK, Yamazaki M, Kobayashi M, Hirochika R, Miyao A, Hirochika H (2001) Screening of the Rice Viviparous Mutants Generated by Endogenous Retrotransposon Tos17 Insertion. Tagging of a Zeaxanthin Epoxidase Gene and a Novel OsTATCGene. Plant Physiology 125:1248-1257
4. Albrecht V, imkov(?) K, Carrie C, Delannoy E, Giraud E, Whelan J, Small ID, Apel K, Badger MR, Pogson BJ (2010) The cytoskeleton and the peroxisomal-targeted snowy cotyledon3 protein are required for chloroplast development in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 22: 3423-3438
5. Albrecht V, Ingenfeld A, Apel K (2006) Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana:The impact of chloroplast elongation factor G on chloroplast development and plant vitality. Plant Molecular Biology 60:507-518
6. Albrecht V, Ingenfeld A, Apel K (2008) Snowy cotyledon 2:the identification of a zinc finger domain protein essential for chloroplast development in cotyledons but not in true leaves. Plant Molecular Biology 66:599-608
7. Allen E, Xie Z, Gustafson AM, Carrington JC (2005) microRNA-directed phasing during trans-acting siRNA biogenesis in plants. Cell 121:207-221
8. Alvarez JM, Rocha JF, Machado SR (2008) Bulliform Cells in Loudetiopsis chrysothrix (Nees) Conert and Tristachya leiostachya Nees (Poaceae):Structure in Relation to Function. Braz. arch. biol. technol.55:113-119
9. An S-J, Pandeya D, Park S-W, Li J, Kwon J-K, Koeda S, Hosokawa M, Paek N-C, Choi D, Kang B-C (2010) Characterization and genetic analysis of a low-temperature-sensitive mutant, sy-2, in Capsicum chinense. Theor Appl Genet 122:459-470
10. Ambavaram MMR, Krishnan A, Trijatmiko KR and Pereira A (2011) Coordinated activation of cellulose and repression of lignin biosynthesis pathways in rice. Plant Physiology 155:916-931.
11. Barkan A, Prikryl J, Watkins KP, Friso G, van Wijk KJ (2008) A member of the Whirly family is a multifunctional RNA-and DNA-binding protein that is essential for chloroplast biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Research 36:5152-5165
12. Barry CS (2009) The stay-green revolution:Recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms of chlorophyll degradation in higher plants. Plant Science 176:325-333
13. Bartel B, Rhoades MW, Reinhart BJ, Lim LP, Burge CB, Bartel DP (2002) Prediction of plant microRNA targets. Cell 110:513-520
14. Barton MK, Jurkuta RJ, Kaplinsky NJ, Spindel JE (2009) Partitioning the Apical Domain of the Arabidopsis Embryo Requires the BOBBER1 NudC Domain Protein. Plant Cell 21: 1957-1971
15. Beale SI (2005) Green genes gleaned. Trends in Plant Science 10:309-312
16. Beick S, Schmitz-Linneweber C, Williams-Carrier R, Jensen B, Barkan A (2008) The pentatricopeptide repeat protein PPR5 stabilizes a specific tRNA precursor in maize chloroplasts. Molecular and Cellular Biology 28:5337-5347
17. Benedict CR, Kohel RJ (1968) Characteristics of a Virescent Cotton Mutant. Plant Physiol 43: 1611-1616
18. Benning C (2009) Mechanisms of lipid transport involved in organelle biogenesis in plant cells. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental 25:71-91
19. Blein T, Hasson A, Laufs P (2010) Leaf development:What it needs to be complex. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 13:75-82
20. Boerjan W, Ralph J, Baucher M (2003) Lignin biosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Biology 54:519-546
21. Bolduc N, Hake S (2009) The maize transcription factor KNOTTED 1 directly regulates the gibberellin catabolism gene ga2oxl. The Plant Cell Online 21:1647-1658
22. Braybrook SA, Kuhlemeier C (2010) How a Plant Builds Leaves. Plant Cell 22:1006-1018
23. Brett C, Waldron K (1990) Physiology and Biochemistry of Plant Cell Walls. London:Unwin Hyman Lld:194
24. Brown DE, Rashotte AM, Murphy AS, Normanly J, Tague BW, Peer WA, Taiz L, Muday GK (2001) Flavonoids act as negative regulators of auxin transport in vivo in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 126:524-535
25. Buer CS, Imin N, Djordjevic MA (2010) Flavonoids:new roles for old molecules. Journal of integrative plant biology 52:98-111
26. Byrne ME (2005) Shoot development-genetic interactions in the meristem. Biochemical Society Transactions 33:1499-1501
27. Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA (2000) Asymmetric leavesl mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis. Nature 408:967-971
28. Berthet S, Demont-Caulet N, Pollet B, Bidzinski P, Cezard L, Le Bris P, Borrega N, Herve J, Blondet E and Balzergue S (2011) Disruption of LACCASE4 and 17 results in tissue-specific alterations to lignification of Arabidopsis thaliana stems. The Plant Cell 23:1124-1137.
29. Candela H, Johnston R, Gerhold A, Foster T, Hake S (2008) The milkweed podl gene encodes a KANADI protein that is required for abaxial/adaxial patterning in maize leaves. Plant Cell 20:2073-2087
30. Cazzonelli CI, Cuttriss AJ, Cossetto SB, Pye W, Crisp P, Whelan J, Finnegan EJ, Turnbull C, Pogson BJ (2009) Regulation of carotenoid composition and shoot branching in Arabidopsis by a chromatin modifying histone methyltransferase, SDG8. Plant Cell 21:39-53
31. Cazzonelli CI, Pogson BJ (2010) Source to sink:regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants. Trends in Plant Science 15:266-274
32. Chateigner-Boutin AL, Ramos-Vega M, Guevara-Garcia A, Andres C, Gutierrez-Nava MD, Cantero A, Delannoy E, Jimenez LF, Lurin C, Small I, Leon P (2008) CLB19, a pentatricopeptide repeat protein required for editing of rpoA and clpP chloroplast transcripts. Plant Journal 56:590-602
33. Chen G, Bi YR, Li N (2005) EGY1 encodes a membrane-associated and ATP-independent metalloprotease that is required for chloroplast development. Plant Journal 41:364-375
34. Chen JP, Burke JJ, Velten J, Xin ZU (2006) FtsHll protease plays a critical role in Arabidopsis thermotolerance. Plant Journal 48:73-84
35. Chen M, Galvao RM, Li MN, Burger B, Bugea J, Bolado J, Chory J (2010) Arabidopsis HEMERA/pTAC12 Initiates Photomorphogenesis by Phytochromes. Cell 141:1230-U1237
36. Chen XM (2004) A microRNA as a translational repressor of APETALA2 in Arabidopsis flower development. Science 303:2022-2025
37. Chi W, Ma JF, Zhang DY, Guo JK, Chen F, Lu CM, Zhang L (2008) The pentratricopeptide repeat protein delayed greening1 is involved in the regulation of early chloroplast development and chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 573-584
38. Cline K, Dabney-Smith C (2008) Plastid protein import and sorting:different paths to the same compartments. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 11:585-592
39. Coschigano KT, Melo-Oliveira R, Lim J, Coruzzi GM (1998) Arabidopsis gls Mutants and Distinct Fd-GOGAT Genes:Implications for Photorespiration and Primar y Nitrogen Assimilation. The Plant Cell 10:741-752
40. Dai MQ, Zhao Y, Ma QF, Hu Y, Hedden PF, Zhang Q, Zhou DX (2007) The rice YABBY1 gene is involved in the feedback regulation of gibberellin metabolism. Plant Physiology 144: 121-133
41. Demura T, Fukuda H (1994) Novel Vascular Cell-Specific Genes Whose Expression Is Regulated Temporally and Spatially during Vascular System Development. Plant Cell 6: 967-981
42. Efroni I, Eshed Y, Lifschitz E (2010) Morphogenesis of simple and compound leaves:A critical review. The Plant Cell 22:1019-1032
43. Eshed Y, Baum SF. Perea JV, Bowman JL (2001) Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants. Current Biology 11:1251-1260
44. Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL (2004) Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities. Development 131:2997-3006
45. Fahlgren N, Montgomery TA, Howell MD, Allen E, Dvorak SK, Alexander AL, Carrington JC (2006) Regulation of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR3 by TAS3 ta-siRNA affects developmental timing and patterning in Arabidopsis. Current Biology 16:939-944
46. Foster T, Johnston R, Candela H, Hake S (2010) The Maize milkweed pod1 Mutant Reveals a Mechanism to Modify Organ Morphology. Genesis 48:416-423
47. Fu Y, Xu L, Xu B, Yang L, Ling Q, Wang H, Huang H (2007) Genetic interactions between leaf polarity-controlling genes and ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 and 2 in Arabidopsis leaf patterning. Plant and Cell Physiology 48:724-735
48. Fujino K, Matsuda Y, Ozawa K, Nishimura T, Koshiba T, Fraaije MW, Sekiguchi H (2008) NARROW LEAF 7 controls leaf shape mediated by auxin in rice. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 279:499-507
49. Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA (2006) Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway. Current Biology 16:933-938
50. Golz JF, Stahle MI, Kuehlich J, Staron L, von Arnim AG (2009) YABBYs and the Transcriptional Corepressors LEUNIG and LEUNIG_HOMOLOG Maintain Leaf Polarity and Meristem Activity in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 21:3105-3118
51. Gualberto JM, Delannoy E, Le Ret M, Faivre-Nitschke E, Estavillo GM, Bergdoll M, Taylor NL, Pogson BJ, Small I, Imbault P (2009) Arabidopsis tRNA Adenosine Deaminase Arginine Edits the Wobble Nucleotide of Chloroplast tRNA(Arg)(ACG) and Is Essential for Efficient Chloroplast Translation. Plant Cell 21:2058-2071
52. Guevara-Garcia A, San Roman C, Arroyo A, Cortes ME, de la Luz Gutierrez-Nava M, Leon P (2005) Characterization of the Arabidopsis clb6 mutant illustrates the importance of posttranscriptional regulation of the methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway. Plant Cell 17: 628-643
53. H rtensteiner S (2009) Stay-green regulates chlorophyll and chlorophyll-binding protein degradation during senescence. Trends in Plant Science 14:155-162
54. Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC (2004) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology 45:1361-1370
55. Hay A, Kaur H, Phillips A, Hedden P, Hake S, Tsiantis M (2002) The gibberellin pathway mediates KNOTTED1-type homeobox function in plants with different body plans. Current Biology 12:1557-1565
56. Heisler MG, Ohno C, Das P, Sieber P, Reddy GV, Long JA, Meyerowitz EM (2005) Patterns of auxin transport and gene expression during primordium development revealed by live imaging of the Arabidopsis inflorescence meristem. Current Biology 15:1899-1911
57. Henderson DC, Muehlbauer GJ, Scanlon MJ (2005) Radial leaves of the maize mutant ragged seedling2 retain dorsiventral anatomy. Developmental Biology 282:455-466
58. Hibara K, Obara M. Hayashida E. Abe M. Ishimaru T, Satoh H. Itoh J, Nagato Y (2009) The ADAXIALIZED LEAF1 gene functions in leaf and embryonic pattern formation in rice. Developmental Biology 334:345-354
59. HsIAo TC, OTOOLE JC, YAMBAO EB, TURNER ANC (1984) Influence of Osmotic Adjustment on Leaf Rolling and Tissue Death in Rice. Plant Physiol 75:338-341
60. Hu J, Zhu L, Zeng DL, Gao ZY, Guo LB, Fang YX, Zhang GH, Dong GJ, Yan MX, Liu J, Qian Q (2010) Identification and characterization of NARROW AND ROLLED LEAF 1, a novel gene regulating leaf morphology and plant architecture in rice. Plant Molecular Biology 73:283-292
61. Inoue H, Rounds C, Schnell DJ (2010) The molecular basis for distinct pathways for protein import into Arabidopsis chloroplasts. The Plant Cell Online 22:1947
62. Jasinski S, Piazza P, Craft J, Hay A, Woolley L, Rieu I, Phillips A, Hedden P, Tsiantis M (2005) KNOX action in Arabidopsis is mediated by coordinate regulation of cytokinin and gibberellin activities. Current Biology 15:1560-1565
63. Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC (2010) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2. The Plant Cell Online 22:62-76
64. Jung KH, Hur J, Ryu CH, Choi Y, Chung YY, Miyao A, Hirochika H, An GH (2003) Characterization of a rice chlorophyll-deficient mutant using the T-DNA gene-trap system. Plant and Cell Physiology 44:463-472
65. Kawakatsu T, Itoh J-I, Miyoshi K, Kurata N, Alvarez N, Veit B, Nagatoa Y (2006) PLASTOCHRON2 Regulates Leaf Initiation and Maturation in Rice. The Plant Cell 18: 612-625
66. Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS (2001) KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis. Nature 411:706-709
67. Kessler F, Schnell D (2009) Chloroplast biogenesis:diversity and regulation of the protein import apparatus. Current opinion in cell biology 21:494-500
68. Khush GS, Kinoshita T (1991) Rice karyotype, marker genes, and linkage groups. Rice biotechnology:83-108
69. Kim YK, Lee JY, Cho HS, Lee SS, Ha HJ, Kim S, Choi D, Pai HS (2005) Inactivation of organellar glutamyl-and seryl-tRNA synthetases leads to developmental arrest of chloroplasts and mitochondria in higher plants. Journal of Biological Chemistry 280:37098-37106
70. Kinoshita T (1984) Gene analysis and linkage map. Biology of rice. JSSP/Elsevier, Tokyo: 187-274
71. Koussevitzky S (2007) Signals from chloroplasts converge to regulate nuclear gene expression. Science 316:1698-1698
72. Kurata N, Miyoshi K, Ito Y, Serizawa A (2003) OsHAP3 genes regulate chloroplast biogenesis in rice. Plant Journal 36:532-540
73. Kurowski MA, Bhagwat AS, Papaj G. Bujnicki JM (2003) Phylogenomic identification of five new human homologs of the DNA repair enzyme AlkB. Bmc Genomics 4:48
74. Kusaba M, Ito H. Morita R, Iida S, Sato Y, Fujimoto M, Kawasaki S, Tanaka R, Hirochika H, Nishimura M, Tanaka A (2007) Rice NON-YELLOW COLORING1 is involved in light-harvesting complex II and grana degradation during leaf senescence. Plant Cell 19:1362-1375
75. Kusumi K, Chono Y, Shimada H, Gotoh E, Tsuyama M, Iba K (2010) Chloroplast biogenesis during the early stage of leaf development in rice. Plant Biotechnology 27:85-90
76. Last RL, Lu Y, Hall DA (2011) A Small Zinc Finger Thylakoid Protein Plays a Role in Maintenance of Photosystem Ⅱ in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 23:1861-1875
77. Latijnhouwers M, Xu XM, M Iler SG (2010) Arabidopsis stromal 70-kDa heat shock proteins are essential for chloroplast development. Planta 232:567-578
78. Lee CH, Li J, Pandeya D, Nath K, Zulfugarov IS, Yoo SC, Zhang HT, Yoo JH, Cho SH, Koh HJ, Kim DS, Seo HS, Kang BC, Paek NC (2010) ZEBRA-NECROSIS, a thylakoid-bound protein, is critical for the photoprotection of developing chloroplasts during early leaf development. Plant Journal 62:713-725
79. Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V (1993) The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 75:843-854
80. Leister D (2003) Chloroplast research in the genomic age. Trends in Genetics 19:47-56
81. Lerbs-Mache S, Azevedo J, Courtois F, Hakimi MA, Demarsy E, Lagrange T, Alcaraz JP, Jaiswal P, Marechal-Drouard L (2008) Intraplastidial trafficking of a phage-type RNA polymerase is mediated by a thylakoid RING-H2 protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:9123-9128
82. Lewis DR, Ramirez MV, Miller ND, Vallabhaneni P, W. Keith Ray, Helm RF, Winkel BSJ, Muday GK (2011) Auxin and Ethylene Induce Flavonol Accumulation through Distinct Transcriptional Networks. Plant Physiology 156:144-164
83. Li H, Xu L, Wang H, Yuan Z, Cao X, Yang Z, Zhang D, Xu Y, Huang H (2005) The putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RDR6 acts synergistically with ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and 2 to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS and microRNA165/166 in Arabidopsis leaf development. The Plant Cell 17:2157-2171
84. Li L, Shi ZY, Li L, Shen GZ, Wang XQ, An LS, Zhang JL (2010) Overexpression of ACL1 (abaxially curled leaf 1) Increased Bulliform Cells and Induced Abaxial Curling of Leaf Blades in Rice. Molecular Plant 3:807-817
85. Li WQ, Wu JG, Weng SL, Zhang YJ, Zhang DP, Shi CH (2010) Identification and characterization of dwarf 62, a loss-of-function mutation in DLT/OsGRAS-32 affecting gibberellin metabolism in rice. Planta 232:1383-1396
86. Liang YK, Xie XD, Lindsay SE, Wang YB, Masle J, Williamson L, Leyser O, Hetherington AM (2010) Cell wall composition contributes to the control of transpiration efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Journal 64:679-686
87. Lin W, Shuai B, Springer PS (2003) The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES Cdomain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning. The Plant Cell 15:2241-2252
88. Liu QH, Paroo Z (2010) Biochemical Principles of Small RNA Pathways. Annual Review of Biochemistry. Vol 79 79:295-319
89. Liu WZ, Fu YP, Hu GC, Si HM, Zhu L, Wu C, Sun ZX (2007) Identification and fine mapping of a thermo-sensitive chlorophyll deficient mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Planta 226: 785-795
90. Liu X, Yu F, Rodermel S (2010) Arabidopsis chloroplast FtsH, var2 and suppressors of var2 leaf variegation:a review. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 52:750-761
91. Long JA, Moan EI, Medford JI, Barton MK (1996) A member of the KNOTTED class of homeodomain proteins encoded by the STM gene of Arabidopsis. Nature 379:66-69
92. Luo ZK, Yang ZL, Zhong BQ, Li YF, Xie R, Zhao FM, Ling YH, He GH (2007) Genetic analysis and fine mapping of a dynamic rolled leaf gene, RL10(t), in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genome 50:811-817
93. Mallory AC, Reinhart BJ, Jones-Rhoades MW, Tang GL, Zamore PD, Barton MK, Bartel DP (2004) MicroRNA control of PHABULOSA in leaf development:importance of pairing to the microRNA 5'region. Embo Journal 23:3356-3364
94. Marja C, Hudson A, Becraft PW, Nelson T (1999) ROUGH SHEATH2:a Myb protein that represses knox homeobox genes in maize lateral organ primordia. Science 284:151-153
95. McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK (2001) Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots. Nature 411: 709-713
96. McCouch S, Kochert G, Yu Z, Wang Z, Khush G, Coffman W, Tanksley S (1988) Molecular mapping of rice chromosomes. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics 76:815-829
97. Michelmore R, Paran I, Kesseli R (1991) Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis:a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 88:9828-9832
98. Moon J, Hake S (2010) How a leaf gets its shape. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 14:1-7
99. Moon J, Zhu L, Shen H, Huq E (2008) PIF1 directly and indirectly regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis to optimize the greening process in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:9433
100. Morita R, Kusaba M, Yamaguchi H, Amano E, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Nishimura M (2005) Characterization of Chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) in rice. Breeding Science 55: 361-364
101. Nagata N, Tanaka R, Satoh S, Tanaka A (2005) Identification of a vinyl reductase gene for chlorophyll synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and implications for the evolution of Prochlorococcus species. The Plant Cell Online 17:233-240
102. Nagato Y, Itoh J, Nonomura K, Ikeda K, Yamaki S, Inukai Y, Yamagishi H, Kitano H (2005) Rice plant development:from zygote to spikelet. Plant and Cell Physiology 46:23-47
103. Nakagawara E, Sakuraba Y, Yamasato A, Tanaka R, Tanaka A (2007) Clp protease controls chlorophyll b synthesis by regulating the level of chlorophyllide a oxygenase. Plant Journal 49:800-809
104. Nakanishi H, Nozue H, Suzuki K, Kaneko Y, Taguchi G, Hayashida N (2005) Characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant pcb2 which accumulates divinyl chlorophylls. Plant and Cell Physiology 46:467-473
105. Nelson JC (1997) QGENE:software for marker-based genomic analysis and breeding. Molecular Breeding 3:239-245
106. Nelson JM, Lane B, Freeling M (2002) Expression of a mutant maize gene in the ventral leaf epidermis is sufficient to signal a switch of the leafs dorsoventral axis. Development 129: 4581-4589
107. Nogueira FTS, Madi S, Chitwood DH, Juarez MT, Timmermans MCP (2007) Two small regulatory RNAs establish opposing fates of a developmental axis. Genes & Development 21: 750-755
108. Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O (2005) The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs. Development 132: 2203-2213
109. Okuda K, Hammani K, Tanz SK, Peng LW, Fukao Y, Myouga F, Motohashi R, Shinozaki K, Small I, Shikanai T (2010) The pentatricopeptide repeat protein OTP82 is required for RNA editing of plastid ndhB and ndhG transcripts. Plant Journal 61:339-349
110. Okuda K, Nakamura T, Sugita M, Shimizu T, Shikanai T (2006) A pentatricopeptide repeat protein is a site recognition factor in chloroplast RNA editing. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281:37661-37667
111. Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rdiger W (2000) Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 21:305-310
112. Otsuga D, DeGuzman B, Prigge MJ, Drews GN, Clark SE (2001) REVOLUTA regulates meristem initiation at lateral positions. The Plant Journal 25:223-236
113.Panaud O, Chen X, McCouch S (1996) Development of microsatellite markers and characterization of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Molecular and General Genetics MGG 252:597-607
114. Park SY, Yu JW, Park JS, Li J, Yoo SC, Lee NY, Lee SK, Jeong SW, Seo HS, Koh HJ (2007) The senescence-induced staygreen protein regulates chlorophyll degradation. The Plant Cell 19:1649-1664
115.Pekker I, Alvarez JP, Eshed Y (2005) Auxin response factors mediate Arabidopsis organ asymmetry via modulation of KANADI activity. The Plant Cell 17:2899-2910
116. Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS (2004) SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis. Genes & Development 18:2368-2379
117. Pogson BJ, Albrecht V (2011) Genetic dissection of chloroplast biogenesis and development: an overview. Plant Physiol 155:1545-1551
118. Price AH, Young EM. Tomos AD (1997) Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Stomatal Conductance. Leaf Rolling and Heading Date Mapped in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa). New Phytologist 137:83-91
119. Qu LH, Wang JF, Zhou H, Chen YQ, Luo QJ (2004) Identification of 20 microRNAs from Oryza sativa. Nucleic Acids Research 32:1688-1695
120. Ramirez J, Bolduc N, Lisch D, Hake S (2009) Distal expression of knotted1 in maize leaves leads to reestablishment of proximal/distal patterning and leaf dissection. Plant Physiology 151: 1878-1888
121. Reinbothe C, Bartsch S, Eggink LL, Hoober JK, Brusslan J, Andrade-Paz R, Monnet J, Reinbothe S (2006) A role for chlorophyllide a oxygenase in the regulated import and stabilization of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103:4777-4782
122. Sakamoto T, Kamiya N, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Iwahori S, Matsuoka M (2001) KNOX homeodomain protein directly suppresses the expression of a gibberellin biosynthetic gene in the tobacco shoot apical meristem. Genes & Development 15:581-590
123. Sakamoto W, Kato Y, Miura E, Matsushima R (2007) White leaf sectors in yellow variegated2 are formed by viable cells with undifferentiated plastids. Plant Physiology 144: 952-960
124. Sakamoto W, Miura E, Kato Y, Matsushima R, Albrecht V, Laalami S (2007) The balance between protein synthesis and degradation in chloroplasts determines leaf variegation in Arabidopsis yellow variegated mutants. Plant Cell 19:1313-1328
125. Sakamoto W, Zhang D, Kato Y, Zhang LG, Fujimoto M, Tsutsumi N, Sodmergen (2010) The FtsH Protease Heterocomplex in Arabidopsis:Dispensability of Type-B Protease Activity for Proper Chloroplast Development. Plant Cell 22:3710-3725
126. Sato Y, Morita R, Katsuma S, Nishimura M, Tanaka A, Kusaba M (2009) Two short(?)\chain dehydrogenase/reductases, NON(?)\YELLOW COLORING 1 and NYC1(?)\LIKE, are required for chlorophyll b and light(?)\harvesting complex II degradation during senescence in rice. The Plant Journal 57:120-131
127. Scanlon MJ (2003) The polar auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid disrupts leaf initiation, KNOX protein regulation, and formation of leaf margins in maize. Plant Physiology 133:597-605
128. Schneeberger RG, Becraft PW, Hake S, Freeling M (1995) Ectopic expression of the knox homeo box gene rough sheathl alters cell fate in the maize leaf. Genes & Development 9: 2292-2304
129. Schofield CJ, Zhang Z (1999) Structural and mechanistic studies on 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases and related enzymes. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 9:722-731
130. Shi LX, Theg SM (2010) A stromal heat shock protein 70 system functions in protein import into chloroplasts in the moss Physcomitrella patens. The Plant Cell 22:205-220
131. Shi YF, Chen J, Liu WQ, Huang QN, Shen B, Leung H, Wu JL (2009) Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a new rolled-leaf mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.) Science in China Series C: Life Sciences 52:885-890
132. Shi ZY, Wang J, Wan XS, Shen GZ, Wang XQ, Zhang JL (2007) Over-expression of rice OsAGO7 gene induces upward curling of the leaf blade that enhanced erect-leaf habit. Planta 226:99-108
133. Shiina T, Ishizaki Y, Tsunoyama Y, Hatano K, Ando K, Kato K, Shinmyo A, Kobori M, Takeba G, Nakahira Y (2005) A nuclear-encoded sigma factor, Arabidopsis SIG6, recognizes sigma-70 type chloroplast promoters and regulates early chloroplast development in cotyledons. Plant Journal 42:133-144
134. Shimada H, Mochizuki M, Ogura K, Froehlich JE, Osteryoung KW, Shirano Y, Shibata D, Masuda S, Mori K, Takamiya K (2007) Arabidopsis cotyledon-specific chloroplast biogenesis factor CYO1 is a protein disulfide isomerase. The Plant Cell 19:3157-3169
135. Shipman-Roston RL, Ruppel NJ, Damoc C, Phinney BS, Inoue K (2010) The Significance of Protein Maturation by Plastidic Type Ⅰ Signal Peptidase 1 for Thylakoid Development in Arabidopsis Chloroplasts (vol 152, pg 1297,2010). Plant Physiology 154:2008-2008
136. Sinning I, Falk S (2010) cpSRP43 Is a Novel Chaperone Specific for Light-harvesting Chlorophyll a,b-binding Proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285:21655-21661
137. Sugimoto H, Kusumi K, Noguchi K, Yano M, Yoshimura A, Iba K (2007) The rice nuclear gene, VIRESCENT 2, is essential for chloroplast development and encodes a novel type of guanylate kinase targeted to plastids and mitochondria. Plant Journal 52:512-527
138. Sunkar R, Girke T, Jain PK, Zhu JK (2005) Cloning and characterization of microRNAs from rice. The Plant Cell Online 17:1397-1411
139. Surpin M, Larkin RM, Chory J (2002) Signal transduction between the chloroplast and the nucleus. Plant Cell 14:S327-S338
140. Suzuki JY, Bollivar DW, Bauer CE (1997) Genetic analysis of chlorophyll biosynthesis. Annual review of genetics 31:61-89
141. Terry M (1997) Phytochrome chromophore(?)\deficient mutants. Plant, Cell & Environment 20: 740-745
142. Terry MJ, Kendrick RE (1999) Feedback Inhibition of Chlorophyll Synthesis in the Phytochrome Chromophore-Deficient aurea andyellow-green-2 Mutants of Tomato. Plant Physiology 119:143-152
143. Tillich M, Hardel SL, Kupsch C, Armbruster U, Delannoy E, Gualberto JM, Lehwark P, Leister D, Small ID, Schmitz-Linneweber C (2009) Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:6002-6007
144. Timmermans MCP, Chitwood DH, Nogueira FTS, Howell MD, Montgomery TA, Carrington JC (2009) Pattern formation via small RNA mobility. Genes & Development 23:549-554
145. Timmermans MCP, Guo MJ, Thomas J, Collins G (2008) Direct repression of KNOX loci by the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 complex of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20:48-58
146. Timmermans MCP, Phelps-Durr TL, Thomas J, Vahab P (2005) Maize rough sheath2 and its Arabidopsis orthologue ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 interact with HIRA, a predicted histone chaperone, to maintain knox gene silencing and determinacy during organogenesis. Plant Cell 17:2886-2898
147. Tsiantis M, Hay A, Barkoulas M (2006) ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 and auxin activities converge to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS expression and promote leaf development in Arabidopsis. Development 133:3955-3961
148. Tsiantis M, Schneeberger R, Golz JF, Freeling M, Langdale JA (1999) The maize rough sheath2 gene and leaf development programs in monocot and dicot plants. Science 284: 154-156
149. Updegraff DM (1969) Semimicro determination of cellulose inbiological materials. Analytical Biochemistry 32:420-424
150. van Wijk KJ, Kim J, Rudella A, Rodriguez VR, Zybailov B, Olinares PDB (2009) Subunits of the Plastid ClpPR Protease Complex Have Differential Contributions to Embryogenesis, Plastid Biogenesis, and Plant Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 21:1669-1692
151. Vollbrecht E, Reiser L, Hake S (2000) Shoot meristem size is dependent on inbred background and presence of the maize homeobox gene, knottedl. Development 127: 3161-3172
152. Waites R, Hudson A (1995) Phantastica:a gene required for dorsoventrality of leaves in Antirrhinum majus. Development 121:2143-2154
153. Waites R, Selvadurai H, Oliver IR, Hudson A (1998) The PHANTASTICA gene encodes a MYB transcription factor involved in growth and dorsoventrality of lateral organs in Antirrhinum. Cell 93:779-789
154. Wang DK, Liu HQ, Li KL, Li SJ, Tao YZ (2009) Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a narrow leaf mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Chinese Science Bulletin 54:752-758
155. Wang P, Gao J, Wan C, Zhang F, Xu Z, Huang X, Sun X, Deng X (2010) Divinyl chlorophyll(ide) a can be converted to monovinyl chlorophyll(ide) a by a divinyl reductase in rice. Plant Physiol 153:994-1003
156. Waters MT, Wang P, Korkaric M, Capper RG, Saunders NJ, Langdale JA (2009) GLK transcription factors coordinate expression of the photosynthetic apparatus in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 21:1109-1128
157. Wellburn AR (1994) The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. Plant Physiol 144:307-313
158. Wilmouth RC, Turnbull JJ, Welford RWD, Clifton IJ, Prescott AG, Schofield CJ (2002) Structure and mechanism of anthocyanidin synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Structure 10: 93-103
159.Winkel-Shirley B (2001) Flavonoid Biosynthesis. A Colorful Model for Genetics,Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Biotechnology. Plant Physiology 126:485-493
160. Woo YM, Park HJ, Su'udi M, Yang JI, Park JJ, Back K, Park YM, An G (2007) Constitutively wilted 1, a member of the rice YUCCA gene family, is required for maintaining water homeostasis and an appropriate root to shoot ratio. Plant Molecular Biology 65:125-136
161. Wu D, Shu Q, Xia Y (2002) In vitro mutagenesis induced novel thermo/photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile indica rice with green-revertible xanthan leaf color marker. Euphytica 123: 195-202
162.Wu G, Lin W, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA (2008) KANADI1 regulates adaxial Cabaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:16392
163. Wu ZM, Zhang X, He B, Diao LP, Sheng SL, Wang JL, Guo XP, Su N, Wang LF, Jiang L, Wang CM, Zhai HQ, Wan JM (2007) A chlorophyll-deficient rice mutant with impaired chlorophyllide esterification in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Plant Physiology 145:29-40
164. Xia L, Chen L, Guo CM, Hong Xin ZHANG, Zhao Z, Shen MS, Chen L (2007) Genetic Analysis and Mapping of Rice(Or yza sativa.L) sd2sl Mutant. Journal of Xiamen University (Nat ural Science) 46:847-851
165. Xiong G, Li R, Qian Q, Song X, Liu X, Yu Y, Zeng D, Wan J, Li J and Zhou Y (2010) The rice dynamin-related protein DRP2B mediates membrane trafficking, and thereby plays a critical role in secondary cell wall cellulose biosynthesis. The Plant Journal 64:56-70.
166. Yan C, Yan S, Zhang Z, Liang G, Lu J, Gu M (2006) Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping for a rice novel mutant (rl 9 (t)) with rolling leaf character. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:63-69
167. Yan S, Yan CJ, Zeng XH, Yang YC, Fang YW, Tian CY, Sun YW, Cheng ZK, Gu MH (2008) ROLLED LEAF 9, encoding a GARP protein, regulates the leaf abaxial cell fate in rice. Plant Molecular Biology 68:239-250
168. Yanai O, Shani E, Dolezal K, Tarkowski P, Sablowski R, Sandberg G, Samach A, Ori N (2005) Arabidopsis KNOXI proteins activate cytokinin biosynthesis. Current Biology 15: 1566-1571
169. Yang QS, He H, Li HY, Tian H, Zhang JJ, Zhai LG, Chen JD, Wu H, Yi GJ, He ZH, Peng XX (2011) NOA1 Functions in a Temperature-Dependent Manner to Regulate Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Rubisco Formation in Rice. Plos One 6
170. Yang SH, Huang XZ, Li JY, Bao F, Zhang XY (2010) A Gain-of-Function Mutation in the Arabidopsis Disease Resistance Gene RPP4 Confers Sensitivity to Low Temperature. Plant Physiology 154:796-809
171. Yoo SC, Cho SH, Sugimoto H, Li JJ, Kusumi K, Koh HJ, Iba K, Paek NC (2009) Rice Virescent3 and Stripe1 Encoding the Large and Small Subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase Are Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis during Early Leaf Development. Plant Physiology 150: 388-401
172. Yu QB, Jiang Y, Chong K, Yang ZN (2009) AtECB2, a pentatricopeptide repeat protein, is required for chloroplast transcript accD RNA editing and early chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Journal 59:1011-1023
173. Yuan LP (1997) Super-high yield hybrid rice breeding. Hybrid Rice 12:1-6
174. Zamore PD, Tang GL, Reinhart BJ, Bartel DP (2003) A biochemical framework for RNA silencing in plants. Genes & Development 17:49-63
175. Zhang GH, Xu Q, Zhu XD, Qian Q, Xue HW (2009) SHALLOT-LIKE1 Is a KANADI Transcription Factor That Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating Leaf Abaxial Cell Development. Plant Cell 21:719-735
176. Zhang HT, Li JJ, Yoo JH, Yoo SC, Cho SH, Koh HJ, Seo HS, Paek NC (2006) Rice chlorina-1 and chlorina-9 encode Ch1D and Chll subunits of Mg-chelatase, a key enzyme for chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development. Plant Molecular Biology 62:325-337
177. Zhang JR, Yue GD, Hu XR, He Y, Yang AF (2010) Identification and characterization of two members of the FtsH gene family in maize (Zea mays L.). Molecular Biology Reports 37: 855-863
178. Zhang LX, Chi W, Mao JA, Li QA, Ji DL, Zou MJ, Lu CM (2010) Interaction of the pentatricopeptide-repeat protein DELAYED GREENING 1 with sigma factor SIG6 in the regulation of chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis cotyledons. Plant Journal 64:14-25
179. Zheng B, MacDonald TM, Sutinen S, Hurry V, Clarke AK (2006) A nuclear-encoded ClpP subunit of the chloroplast ATP-dependent Clp protease is essential for early development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 224:1103-1115
180. Zhou W, Cheng Y, Yap A, Chateigner-Boutin A-L, Delannoy E, Kamel Hammani, Small I, Huang J (2009) The Arabidopsis gene YS1 encoding a DYW protein is required for editing of rpoB transcripts and the rapid development of chloroplasts during early growth. The Plant Journal 58:82-96
181. Zhu DF, Lin XQ, Cao WX (2001) Compar ison of Leaf Photosynthetic Character istics among Rice Hybrids with Different Leaf Rolling Index. ACTA AGRONOM ICA SIN ICA 27: 329-333
182. Zwiazek JJ (1991) Cell wall changes in white spruce (Picea glauca) needles subjected to repeated drought stress. Physiologia Plantarum 82:513-518
183. Zhong R, Lee C, Zhou J, McCarthy RL and Ye ZH (2008) A battery of transcription factors involved in the regulation of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 20:2763-2782.
184.成浩,李素芳,陈明,虞富莲,晏静,刘益民,陈龙安(1999)安吉白茶特异性状的生理生化本质.茶叶科学：87-92
185.何冰,刘玲珑,张文伟,万建民(2006)植物叶色突变体.植物生理学通讯42：1-9
186.余东,吴海滨,杨文韬,巩鹏涛,李有志,赵德刚(2008)水稻单侧卷叶突变体b157遗传分析及基因初步定位.分子植物育种6：220-226
187.李仕贵,马玉清,何平,黎汉云,陈英,周开达,朱立煌(1998)一个未知的卷叶基因的识别和定位.四川农业大学学报16：391-393
188.李贝贝,郭进魁,周云,张珠珠,张立新(2003)一种分析叶绿体类囊体膜色素蛋白复合物的蓝绿温和胶电泳系统.生物化学与生物物理进展30：639-643
189.沈年伟,钱前,张光恒(2009)水稻卷叶性状的研究进展及在育种中的应用.分子植物育种7：852-860
190.沈福成(1983)水稻卷叶性状遗传初探.贵州农业科学
191.邢才,王贵学,黄俊丽,吴金钟(2008)植物叶绿素突变体及其分子机理的研究进展.生物技术通报：10-12
192.周勇,方云霞,朱金燕,李生强,顾飞,顾铭洪,梁国华(2010)一个水稻卷叶突变体rl_(11(t))的遗传分析和基因定位.科学通报55：1240-1246
193.易俊良,陈立云(2006)水稻超高产育种研究进展.湖南农业科学：20-23
194.邵元健,潘存红,陈宗祥,左示敏,张亚芳,潘学彪(2005)水稻不完全隐性卷叶主基因rl_(t)的精细定位.科学通报50：2466-2472
195.邵元健,陈宗祥,张亚芳,陈恩会,祁顶成,缪进,潘学彪(2005)一个水稻卷叶主效qtl的定位及其物理图谱的构建.遗传学报32：501-506
196.郎有忠,张祖建,顾兴友,杨建昌.朱庆森(2004)水稻卷叶性状生理生态效应的研究Ⅱ.光合特性、物质生产与产量形成.作物学报30：883-887
197.桑贤春,何光华,张毅,杨正林,裴炎(2003)水稻pcr扩增模板的快速制备.遗传25：705-707
198.崔海瑞,夏英武,高明尉(2001)温度对水稻突变体w1叶色及叶绿素生物合成的影响.核农学报15：269-273
199.严长杰,严松,张正球,梁国华,陆驹飞,顾铭洪(2005)一个新的水稻卷叶突变体r1_9(t)的遗传分析和基因定位.科学通报50：2757-2762
200.刘巧珍,孙克增,刘金波,徐福海(2009)水稻超高产育种研究进展.现代农业科技：163-165
201.刘肖飞,梁卫红(2009)根癌农杆菌介导的gfp在洋葱表皮细胞定位研究.河南师范大学学报(自然科学版)37：123-150
202.张三元,李彻,石玉海,张俊国,杨桂兰,赵劲松(1999)吉林省水稻超高产育种研究Ⅰ.不同类型水稻品种产量构成与超高产育种目标.吉林农业科学24：4-7
203.罗伟(2009)水稻反卷叶基因和褐壳基因的遗传分析与基因定位.
204.罗远章,赵芳明,桑贤春,凌英华,杨正林,何光华(2009)水稻新型卷叶突变体rl12(t)的遗传分析和基因定位.作物学报35：1967-1972
205.谢华安,张建福,王乌齐,郑家团,黄庭旭(2006)超级稻育种实践与前景.分子植物育种4：4-10
206.陈宗祥,左示敏,张亚芳,李磊,潘学彪,马玉银(2010)水稻卷叶性状遗传及育种应用研究进展.扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)31：22-27
207.陈宗祥,陈刚,胡俊,戴留春,陶国英,潘学彪(2002)R1_((t))卷叶基因在杂交水稻中的遗传表达及效应研究.作物学报28：847-851
208.陈英之,刘丕庆,白德朗,李容柏(2010)水稻卷叶突变新基因的遗传分析和初步定位.广西农业科学41：403-407
209.顾兴友,顾铭洪(1995)一种水稻卷叶性状的遗传分析.遗传17：20-23
210.马志虎,颜素芳,罗秀龙,郝华忠(2001)辣椒黄绿苗突变体对良种繁育及纯度鉴定作用.北方园艺：13-14
2. Aeong Oh S, Park JH, In Lee G, Hee Paek K, Ki Park S, Gil Nam H (1997) Identification of three genetic loci controlling leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 12: 527-535
3. Agrawal GK, Yamazaki M, Kobayashi M, Hirochika R, Miyao A, Hirochika H (2001) Screening of the Rice Viviparous Mutants Generated by Endogenous Retrotransposon Tos17 Insertion. Tagging of a Zeaxanthin Epoxidase Gene and a Novel OsTATCGene. Plant Physiology 125:1248-1257
4. Albrecht V, imkov(?) K, Carrie C, Delannoy E, Giraud E, Whelan J, Small ID, Apel K, Badger MR, Pogson BJ (2010) The cytoskeleton and the peroxisomal-targeted snowy cotyledon3 protein are required for chloroplast development in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 22: 3423-3438
5. Albrecht V, Ingenfeld A, Apel K (2006) Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana:The impact of chloroplast elongation factor G on chloroplast development and plant vitality. Plant Molecular Biology 60:507-518
6. Albrecht V, Ingenfeld A, Apel K (2008) Snowy cotyledon 2:the identification of a zinc finger domain protein essential for chloroplast development in cotyledons but not in true leaves. Plant Molecular Biology 66:599-608
7. Allen E, Xie Z, Gustafson AM, Carrington JC (2005) microRNA-directed phasing during trans-acting siRNA biogenesis in plants. Cell 121:207-221
8. Alvarez JM, Rocha JF, Machado SR (2008) Bulliform Cells in Loudetiopsis chrysothrix (Nees) Conert and Tristachya leiostachya Nees (Poaceae):Structure in Relation to Function. Braz. arch. biol. technol.55:113-119
9. An S-J, Pandeya D, Park S-W, Li J, Kwon J-K, Koeda S, Hosokawa M, Paek N-C, Choi D, Kang B-C (2010) Characterization and genetic analysis of a low-temperature-sensitive mutant, sy-2, in Capsicum chinense. Theor Appl Genet 122:459-470
10. Ambavaram MMR, Krishnan A, Trijatmiko KR and Pereira A (2011) Coordinated activation of cellulose and repression of lignin biosynthesis pathways in rice. Plant Physiology 155:916-931.
11. Barkan A, Prikryl J, Watkins KP, Friso G, van Wijk KJ (2008) A member of the Whirly family is a multifunctional RNA-and DNA-binding protein that is essential for chloroplast biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Research 36:5152-5165
12. Barry CS (2009) The stay-green revolution:Recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms of chlorophyll degradation in higher plants. Plant Science 176:325-333
13. Bartel B, Rhoades MW, Reinhart BJ, Lim LP, Burge CB, Bartel DP (2002) Prediction of plant microRNA targets. Cell 110:513-520
14. Barton MK, Jurkuta RJ, Kaplinsky NJ, Spindel JE (2009) Partitioning the Apical Domain of the Arabidopsis Embryo Requires the BOBBER1 NudC Domain Protein. Plant Cell 21: 1957-1971
15. Beale SI (2005) Green genes gleaned. Trends in Plant Science 10:309-312
16. Beick S, Schmitz-Linneweber C, Williams-Carrier R, Jensen B, Barkan A (2008) The pentatricopeptide repeat protein PPR5 stabilizes a specific tRNA precursor in maize chloroplasts. Molecular and Cellular Biology 28:5337-5347
17. Benedict CR, Kohel RJ (1968) Characteristics of a Virescent Cotton Mutant. Plant Physiol 43: 1611-1616
18. Benning C (2009) Mechanisms of lipid transport involved in organelle biogenesis in plant cells. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental 25:71-91
19. Blein T, Hasson A, Laufs P (2010) Leaf development:What it needs to be complex. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 13:75-82
20. Boerjan W, Ralph J, Baucher M (2003) Lignin biosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Biology 54:519-546
21. Bolduc N, Hake S (2009) The maize transcription factor KNOTTED 1 directly regulates the gibberellin catabolism gene ga2oxl. The Plant Cell Online 21:1647-1658
22. Braybrook SA, Kuhlemeier C (2010) How a Plant Builds Leaves. Plant Cell 22:1006-1018
23. Brett C, Waldron K (1990) Physiology and Biochemistry of Plant Cell Walls. London:Unwin Hyman Lld:194
24. Brown DE, Rashotte AM, Murphy AS, Normanly J, Tague BW, Peer WA, Taiz L, Muday GK (2001) Flavonoids act as negative regulators of auxin transport in vivo in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 126:524-535
25. Buer CS, Imin N, Djordjevic MA (2010) Flavonoids:new roles for old molecules. Journal of integrative plant biology 52:98-111
26. Byrne ME (2005) Shoot development-genetic interactions in the meristem. Biochemical Society Transactions 33:1499-1501
27. Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA (2000) Asymmetric leavesl mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis. Nature 408:967-971
28. Berthet S, Demont-Caulet N, Pollet B, Bidzinski P, Cezard L, Le Bris P, Borrega N, Herve J, Blondet E and Balzergue S (2011) Disruption of LACCASE4 and 17 results in tissue-specific alterations to lignification of Arabidopsis thaliana stems. The Plant Cell 23:1124-1137.
29. Candela H, Johnston R, Gerhold A, Foster T, Hake S (2008) The milkweed podl gene encodes a KANADI protein that is required for abaxial/adaxial patterning in maize leaves. Plant Cell 20:2073-2087
30. Cazzonelli CI, Cuttriss AJ, Cossetto SB, Pye W, Crisp P, Whelan J, Finnegan EJ, Turnbull C, Pogson BJ (2009) Regulation of carotenoid composition and shoot branching in Arabidopsis by a chromatin modifying histone methyltransferase, SDG8. Plant Cell 21:39-53
31. Cazzonelli CI, Pogson BJ (2010) Source to sink:regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants. Trends in Plant Science 15:266-274
32. Chateigner-Boutin AL, Ramos-Vega M, Guevara-Garcia A, Andres C, Gutierrez-Nava MD, Cantero A, Delannoy E, Jimenez LF, Lurin C, Small I, Leon P (2008) CLB19, a pentatricopeptide repeat protein required for editing of rpoA and clpP chloroplast transcripts. Plant Journal 56:590-602
33. Chen G, Bi YR, Li N (2005) EGY1 encodes a membrane-associated and ATP-independent metalloprotease that is required for chloroplast development. Plant Journal 41:364-375
34. Chen JP, Burke JJ, Velten J, Xin ZU (2006) FtsHll protease plays a critical role in Arabidopsis thermotolerance. Plant Journal 48:73-84
35. Chen M, Galvao RM, Li MN, Burger B, Bugea J, Bolado J, Chory J (2010) Arabidopsis HEMERA/pTAC12 Initiates Photomorphogenesis by Phytochromes. Cell 141:1230-U1237
36. Chen XM (2004) A microRNA as a translational repressor of APETALA2 in Arabidopsis flower development. Science 303:2022-2025
37. Chi W, Ma JF, Zhang DY, Guo JK, Chen F, Lu CM, Zhang L (2008) The pentratricopeptide repeat protein delayed greening1 is involved in the regulation of early chloroplast development and chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 573-584
38. Cline K, Dabney-Smith C (2008) Plastid protein import and sorting:different paths to the same compartments. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 11:585-592
39. Coschigano KT, Melo-Oliveira R, Lim J, Coruzzi GM (1998) Arabidopsis gls Mutants and Distinct Fd-GOGAT Genes:Implications for Photorespiration and Primar y Nitrogen Assimilation. The Plant Cell 10:741-752
40. Dai MQ, Zhao Y, Ma QF, Hu Y, Hedden PF, Zhang Q, Zhou DX (2007) The rice YABBY1 gene is involved in the feedback regulation of gibberellin metabolism. Plant Physiology 144: 121-133
41. Demura T, Fukuda H (1994) Novel Vascular Cell-Specific Genes Whose Expression Is Regulated Temporally and Spatially during Vascular System Development. Plant Cell 6: 967-981
42. Efroni I, Eshed Y, Lifschitz E (2010) Morphogenesis of simple and compound leaves:A critical review. The Plant Cell 22:1019-1032
43. Eshed Y, Baum SF. Perea JV, Bowman JL (2001) Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants. Current Biology 11:1251-1260
44. Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL (2004) Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities. Development 131:2997-3006
45. Fahlgren N, Montgomery TA, Howell MD, Allen E, Dvorak SK, Alexander AL, Carrington JC (2006) Regulation of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR3 by TAS3 ta-siRNA affects developmental timing and patterning in Arabidopsis. Current Biology 16:939-944
46. Foster T, Johnston R, Candela H, Hake S (2010) The Maize milkweed pod1 Mutant Reveals a Mechanism to Modify Organ Morphology. Genesis 48:416-423
47. Fu Y, Xu L, Xu B, Yang L, Ling Q, Wang H, Huang H (2007) Genetic interactions between leaf polarity-controlling genes and ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 and 2 in Arabidopsis leaf patterning. Plant and Cell Physiology 48:724-735
48. Fujino K, Matsuda Y, Ozawa K, Nishimura T, Koshiba T, Fraaije MW, Sekiguchi H (2008) NARROW LEAF 7 controls leaf shape mediated by auxin in rice. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 279:499-507
49. Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA (2006) Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway. Current Biology 16:933-938
50. Golz JF, Stahle MI, Kuehlich J, Staron L, von Arnim AG (2009) YABBYs and the Transcriptional Corepressors LEUNIG and LEUNIG_HOMOLOG Maintain Leaf Polarity and Meristem Activity in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 21:3105-3118
51. Gualberto JM, Delannoy E, Le Ret M, Faivre-Nitschke E, Estavillo GM, Bergdoll M, Taylor NL, Pogson BJ, Small I, Imbault P (2009) Arabidopsis tRNA Adenosine Deaminase Arginine Edits the Wobble Nucleotide of Chloroplast tRNA(Arg)(ACG) and Is Essential for Efficient Chloroplast Translation. Plant Cell 21:2058-2071
52. Guevara-Garcia A, San Roman C, Arroyo A, Cortes ME, de la Luz Gutierrez-Nava M, Leon P (2005) Characterization of the Arabidopsis clb6 mutant illustrates the importance of posttranscriptional regulation of the methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway. Plant Cell 17: 628-643
53. H rtensteiner S (2009) Stay-green regulates chlorophyll and chlorophyll-binding protein degradation during senescence. Trends in Plant Science 14:155-162
54. Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC (2004) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology 45:1361-1370
55. Hay A, Kaur H, Phillips A, Hedden P, Hake S, Tsiantis M (2002) The gibberellin pathway mediates KNOTTED1-type homeobox function in plants with different body plans. Current Biology 12:1557-1565
56. Heisler MG, Ohno C, Das P, Sieber P, Reddy GV, Long JA, Meyerowitz EM (2005) Patterns of auxin transport and gene expression during primordium development revealed by live imaging of the Arabidopsis inflorescence meristem. Current Biology 15:1899-1911
57. Henderson DC, Muehlbauer GJ, Scanlon MJ (2005) Radial leaves of the maize mutant ragged seedling2 retain dorsiventral anatomy. Developmental Biology 282:455-466
58. Hibara K, Obara M. Hayashida E. Abe M. Ishimaru T, Satoh H. Itoh J, Nagato Y (2009) The ADAXIALIZED LEAF1 gene functions in leaf and embryonic pattern formation in rice. Developmental Biology 334:345-354
59. HsIAo TC, OTOOLE JC, YAMBAO EB, TURNER ANC (1984) Influence of Osmotic Adjustment on Leaf Rolling and Tissue Death in Rice. Plant Physiol 75:338-341
60. Hu J, Zhu L, Zeng DL, Gao ZY, Guo LB, Fang YX, Zhang GH, Dong GJ, Yan MX, Liu J, Qian Q (2010) Identification and characterization of NARROW AND ROLLED LEAF 1, a novel gene regulating leaf morphology and plant architecture in rice. Plant Molecular Biology 73:283-292
61. Inoue H, Rounds C, Schnell DJ (2010) The molecular basis for distinct pathways for protein import into Arabidopsis chloroplasts. The Plant Cell Online 22:1947
62. Jasinski S, Piazza P, Craft J, Hay A, Woolley L, Rieu I, Phillips A, Hedden P, Tsiantis M (2005) KNOX action in Arabidopsis is mediated by coordinate regulation of cytokinin and gibberellin activities. Current Biology 15:1560-1565
63. Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC (2010) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2. The Plant Cell Online 22:62-76
64. Jung KH, Hur J, Ryu CH, Choi Y, Chung YY, Miyao A, Hirochika H, An GH (2003) Characterization of a rice chlorophyll-deficient mutant using the T-DNA gene-trap system. Plant and Cell Physiology 44:463-472
65. Kawakatsu T, Itoh J-I, Miyoshi K, Kurata N, Alvarez N, Veit B, Nagatoa Y (2006) PLASTOCHRON2 Regulates Leaf Initiation and Maturation in Rice. The Plant Cell 18: 612-625
66. Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS (2001) KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis. Nature 411:706-709
67. Kessler F, Schnell D (2009) Chloroplast biogenesis:diversity and regulation of the protein import apparatus. Current opinion in cell biology 21:494-500
68. Khush GS, Kinoshita T (1991) Rice karyotype, marker genes, and linkage groups. Rice biotechnology:83-108
69. Kim YK, Lee JY, Cho HS, Lee SS, Ha HJ, Kim S, Choi D, Pai HS (2005) Inactivation of organellar glutamyl-and seryl-tRNA synthetases leads to developmental arrest of chloroplasts and mitochondria in higher plants. Journal of Biological Chemistry 280:37098-37106
70. Kinoshita T (1984) Gene analysis and linkage map. Biology of rice. JSSP/Elsevier, Tokyo: 187-274
71. Koussevitzky S (2007) Signals from chloroplasts converge to regulate nuclear gene expression. Science 316:1698-1698
72. Kurata N, Miyoshi K, Ito Y, Serizawa A (2003) OsHAP3 genes regulate chloroplast biogenesis in rice. Plant Journal 36:532-540
73. Kurowski MA, Bhagwat AS, Papaj G. Bujnicki JM (2003) Phylogenomic identification of five new human homologs of the DNA repair enzyme AlkB. Bmc Genomics 4:48
74. Kusaba M, Ito H. Morita R, Iida S, Sato Y, Fujimoto M, Kawasaki S, Tanaka R, Hirochika H, Nishimura M, Tanaka A (2007) Rice NON-YELLOW COLORING1 is involved in light-harvesting complex II and grana degradation during leaf senescence. Plant Cell 19:1362-1375
75. Kusumi K, Chono Y, Shimada H, Gotoh E, Tsuyama M, Iba K (2010) Chloroplast biogenesis during the early stage of leaf development in rice. Plant Biotechnology 27:85-90
76. Last RL, Lu Y, Hall DA (2011) A Small Zinc Finger Thylakoid Protein Plays a Role in Maintenance of Photosystem Ⅱ in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 23:1861-1875
77. Latijnhouwers M, Xu XM, M Iler SG (2010) Arabidopsis stromal 70-kDa heat shock proteins are essential for chloroplast development. Planta 232:567-578
78. Lee CH, Li J, Pandeya D, Nath K, Zulfugarov IS, Yoo SC, Zhang HT, Yoo JH, Cho SH, Koh HJ, Kim DS, Seo HS, Kang BC, Paek NC (2010) ZEBRA-NECROSIS, a thylakoid-bound protein, is critical for the photoprotection of developing chloroplasts during early leaf development. Plant Journal 62:713-725
79. Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V (1993) The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 75:843-854
80. Leister D (2003) Chloroplast research in the genomic age. Trends in Genetics 19:47-56
81. Lerbs-Mache S, Azevedo J, Courtois F, Hakimi MA, Demarsy E, Lagrange T, Alcaraz JP, Jaiswal P, Marechal-Drouard L (2008) Intraplastidial trafficking of a phage-type RNA polymerase is mediated by a thylakoid RING-H2 protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:9123-9128
82. Lewis DR, Ramirez MV, Miller ND, Vallabhaneni P, W. Keith Ray, Helm RF, Winkel BSJ, Muday GK (2011) Auxin and Ethylene Induce Flavonol Accumulation through Distinct Transcriptional Networks. Plant Physiology 156:144-164
83. Li H, Xu L, Wang H, Yuan Z, Cao X, Yang Z, Zhang D, Xu Y, Huang H (2005) The putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RDR6 acts synergistically with ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and 2 to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS and microRNA165/166 in Arabidopsis leaf development. The Plant Cell 17:2157-2171
84. Li L, Shi ZY, Li L, Shen GZ, Wang XQ, An LS, Zhang JL (2010) Overexpression of ACL1 (abaxially curled leaf 1) Increased Bulliform Cells and Induced Abaxial Curling of Leaf Blades in Rice. Molecular Plant 3:807-817
85. Li WQ, Wu JG, Weng SL, Zhang YJ, Zhang DP, Shi CH (2010) Identification and characterization of dwarf 62, a loss-of-function mutation in DLT/OsGRAS-32 affecting gibberellin metabolism in rice. Planta 232:1383-1396
86. Liang YK, Xie XD, Lindsay SE, Wang YB, Masle J, Williamson L, Leyser O, Hetherington AM (2010) Cell wall composition contributes to the control of transpiration efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Journal 64:679-686
87. Lin W, Shuai B, Springer PS (2003) The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES Cdomain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning. The Plant Cell 15:2241-2252
88. Liu QH, Paroo Z (2010) Biochemical Principles of Small RNA Pathways. Annual Review of Biochemistry. Vol 79 79:295-319
89. Liu WZ, Fu YP, Hu GC, Si HM, Zhu L, Wu C, Sun ZX (2007) Identification and fine mapping of a thermo-sensitive chlorophyll deficient mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Planta 226: 785-795
90. Liu X, Yu F, Rodermel S (2010) Arabidopsis chloroplast FtsH, var2 and suppressors of var2 leaf variegation:a review. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 52:750-761
91. Long JA, Moan EI, Medford JI, Barton MK (1996) A member of the KNOTTED class of homeodomain proteins encoded by the STM gene of Arabidopsis. Nature 379:66-69
92. Luo ZK, Yang ZL, Zhong BQ, Li YF, Xie R, Zhao FM, Ling YH, He GH (2007) Genetic analysis and fine mapping of a dynamic rolled leaf gene, RL10(t), in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genome 50:811-817
93. Mallory AC, Reinhart BJ, Jones-Rhoades MW, Tang GL, Zamore PD, Barton MK, Bartel DP (2004) MicroRNA control of PHABULOSA in leaf development:importance of pairing to the microRNA 5'region. Embo Journal 23:3356-3364
94. Marja C, Hudson A, Becraft PW, Nelson T (1999) ROUGH SHEATH2:a Myb protein that represses knox homeobox genes in maize lateral organ primordia. Science 284:151-153
95. McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK (2001) Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots. Nature 411: 709-713
96. McCouch S, Kochert G, Yu Z, Wang Z, Khush G, Coffman W, Tanksley S (1988) Molecular mapping of rice chromosomes. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics 76:815-829
97. Michelmore R, Paran I, Kesseli R (1991) Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis:a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 88:9828-9832
98. Moon J, Hake S (2010) How a leaf gets its shape. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 14:1-7
99. Moon J, Zhu L, Shen H, Huq E (2008) PIF1 directly and indirectly regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis to optimize the greening process in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:9433
100. Morita R, Kusaba M, Yamaguchi H, Amano E, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Nishimura M (2005) Characterization of Chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) in rice. Breeding Science 55: 361-364
101. Nagata N, Tanaka R, Satoh S, Tanaka A (2005) Identification of a vinyl reductase gene for chlorophyll synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and implications for the evolution of Prochlorococcus species. The Plant Cell Online 17:233-240
102. Nagato Y, Itoh J, Nonomura K, Ikeda K, Yamaki S, Inukai Y, Yamagishi H, Kitano H (2005) Rice plant development:from zygote to spikelet. Plant and Cell Physiology 46:23-47
103. Nakagawara E, Sakuraba Y, Yamasato A, Tanaka R, Tanaka A (2007) Clp protease controls chlorophyll b synthesis by regulating the level of chlorophyllide a oxygenase. Plant Journal 49:800-809
104. Nakanishi H, Nozue H, Suzuki K, Kaneko Y, Taguchi G, Hayashida N (2005) Characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant pcb2 which accumulates divinyl chlorophylls. Plant and Cell Physiology 46:467-473
105. Nelson JC (1997) QGENE:software for marker-based genomic analysis and breeding. Molecular Breeding 3:239-245
106. Nelson JM, Lane B, Freeling M (2002) Expression of a mutant maize gene in the ventral leaf epidermis is sufficient to signal a switch of the leafs dorsoventral axis. Development 129: 4581-4589
107. Nogueira FTS, Madi S, Chitwood DH, Juarez MT, Timmermans MCP (2007) Two small regulatory RNAs establish opposing fates of a developmental axis. Genes & Development 21: 750-755
108. Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O (2005) The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs. Development 132: 2203-2213
109. Okuda K, Hammani K, Tanz SK, Peng LW, Fukao Y, Myouga F, Motohashi R, Shinozaki K, Small I, Shikanai T (2010) The pentatricopeptide repeat protein OTP82 is required for RNA editing of plastid ndhB and ndhG transcripts. Plant Journal 61:339-349
110. Okuda K, Nakamura T, Sugita M, Shimizu T, Shikanai T (2006) A pentatricopeptide repeat protein is a site recognition factor in chloroplast RNA editing. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281:37661-37667
111. Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rdiger W (2000) Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 21:305-310
112. Otsuga D, DeGuzman B, Prigge MJ, Drews GN, Clark SE (2001) REVOLUTA regulates meristem initiation at lateral positions. The Plant Journal 25:223-236
113.Panaud O, Chen X, McCouch S (1996) Development of microsatellite markers and characterization of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Molecular and General Genetics MGG 252:597-607
114. Park SY, Yu JW, Park JS, Li J, Yoo SC, Lee NY, Lee SK, Jeong SW, Seo HS, Koh HJ (2007) The senescence-induced staygreen protein regulates chlorophyll degradation. The Plant Cell 19:1649-1664
115.Pekker I, Alvarez JP, Eshed Y (2005) Auxin response factors mediate Arabidopsis organ asymmetry via modulation of KANADI activity. The Plant Cell 17:2899-2910
116. Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS (2004) SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis. Genes & Development 18:2368-2379
117. Pogson BJ, Albrecht V (2011) Genetic dissection of chloroplast biogenesis and development: an overview. Plant Physiol 155:1545-1551
118. Price AH, Young EM. Tomos AD (1997) Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Stomatal Conductance. Leaf Rolling and Heading Date Mapped in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa). New Phytologist 137:83-91
119. Qu LH, Wang JF, Zhou H, Chen YQ, Luo QJ (2004) Identification of 20 microRNAs from Oryza sativa. Nucleic Acids Research 32:1688-1695
120. Ramirez J, Bolduc N, Lisch D, Hake S (2009) Distal expression of knotted1 in maize leaves leads to reestablishment of proximal/distal patterning and leaf dissection. Plant Physiology 151: 1878-1888
121. Reinbothe C, Bartsch S, Eggink LL, Hoober JK, Brusslan J, Andrade-Paz R, Monnet J, Reinbothe S (2006) A role for chlorophyllide a oxygenase in the regulated import and stabilization of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103:4777-4782
122. Sakamoto T, Kamiya N, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Iwahori S, Matsuoka M (2001) KNOX homeodomain protein directly suppresses the expression of a gibberellin biosynthetic gene in the tobacco shoot apical meristem. Genes & Development 15:581-590
123. Sakamoto W, Kato Y, Miura E, Matsushima R (2007) White leaf sectors in yellow variegated2 are formed by viable cells with undifferentiated plastids. Plant Physiology 144: 952-960
124. Sakamoto W, Miura E, Kato Y, Matsushima R, Albrecht V, Laalami S (2007) The balance between protein synthesis and degradation in chloroplasts determines leaf variegation in Arabidopsis yellow variegated mutants. Plant Cell 19:1313-1328
125. Sakamoto W, Zhang D, Kato Y, Zhang LG, Fujimoto M, Tsutsumi N, Sodmergen (2010) The FtsH Protease Heterocomplex in Arabidopsis:Dispensability of Type-B Protease Activity for Proper Chloroplast Development. Plant Cell 22:3710-3725
126. Sato Y, Morita R, Katsuma S, Nishimura M, Tanaka A, Kusaba M (2009) Two short(?)\chain dehydrogenase/reductases, NON(?)\YELLOW COLORING 1 and NYC1(?)\LIKE, are required for chlorophyll b and light(?)\harvesting complex II degradation during senescence in rice. The Plant Journal 57:120-131
127. Scanlon MJ (2003) The polar auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid disrupts leaf initiation, KNOX protein regulation, and formation of leaf margins in maize. Plant Physiology 133:597-605
128. Schneeberger RG, Becraft PW, Hake S, Freeling M (1995) Ectopic expression of the knox homeo box gene rough sheathl alters cell fate in the maize leaf. Genes & Development 9: 2292-2304
129. Schofield CJ, Zhang Z (1999) Structural and mechanistic studies on 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases and related enzymes. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 9:722-731
130. Shi LX, Theg SM (2010) A stromal heat shock protein 70 system functions in protein import into chloroplasts in the moss Physcomitrella patens. The Plant Cell 22:205-220
131. Shi YF, Chen J, Liu WQ, Huang QN, Shen B, Leung H, Wu JL (2009) Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a new rolled-leaf mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.) Science in China Series C: Life Sciences 52:885-890
132. Shi ZY, Wang J, Wan XS, Shen GZ, Wang XQ, Zhang JL (2007) Over-expression of rice OsAGO7 gene induces upward curling of the leaf blade that enhanced erect-leaf habit. Planta 226:99-108
133. Shiina T, Ishizaki Y, Tsunoyama Y, Hatano K, Ando K, Kato K, Shinmyo A, Kobori M, Takeba G, Nakahira Y (2005) A nuclear-encoded sigma factor, Arabidopsis SIG6, recognizes sigma-70 type chloroplast promoters and regulates early chloroplast development in cotyledons. Plant Journal 42:133-144
134. Shimada H, Mochizuki M, Ogura K, Froehlich JE, Osteryoung KW, Shirano Y, Shibata D, Masuda S, Mori K, Takamiya K (2007) Arabidopsis cotyledon-specific chloroplast biogenesis factor CYO1 is a protein disulfide isomerase. The Plant Cell 19:3157-3169
135. Shipman-Roston RL, Ruppel NJ, Damoc C, Phinney BS, Inoue K (2010) The Significance of Protein Maturation by Plastidic Type Ⅰ Signal Peptidase 1 for Thylakoid Development in Arabidopsis Chloroplasts (vol 152, pg 1297,2010). Plant Physiology 154:2008-2008
136. Sinning I, Falk S (2010) cpSRP43 Is a Novel Chaperone Specific for Light-harvesting Chlorophyll a,b-binding Proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285:21655-21661
137. Sugimoto H, Kusumi K, Noguchi K, Yano M, Yoshimura A, Iba K (2007) The rice nuclear gene, VIRESCENT 2, is essential for chloroplast development and encodes a novel type of guanylate kinase targeted to plastids and mitochondria. Plant Journal 52:512-527
138. Sunkar R, Girke T, Jain PK, Zhu JK (2005) Cloning and characterization of microRNAs from rice. The Plant Cell Online 17:1397-1411
139. Surpin M, Larkin RM, Chory J (2002) Signal transduction between the chloroplast and the nucleus. Plant Cell 14:S327-S338
140. Suzuki JY, Bollivar DW, Bauer CE (1997) Genetic analysis of chlorophyll biosynthesis. Annual review of genetics 31:61-89
141. Terry M (1997) Phytochrome chromophore(?)\deficient mutants. Plant, Cell & Environment 20: 740-745
142. Terry MJ, Kendrick RE (1999) Feedback Inhibition of Chlorophyll Synthesis in the Phytochrome Chromophore-Deficient aurea andyellow-green-2 Mutants of Tomato. Plant Physiology 119:143-152
143. Tillich M, Hardel SL, Kupsch C, Armbruster U, Delannoy E, Gualberto JM, Lehwark P, Leister D, Small ID, Schmitz-Linneweber C (2009) Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:6002-6007
144. Timmermans MCP, Chitwood DH, Nogueira FTS, Howell MD, Montgomery TA, Carrington JC (2009) Pattern formation via small RNA mobility. Genes & Development 23:549-554
145. Timmermans MCP, Guo MJ, Thomas J, Collins G (2008) Direct repression of KNOX loci by the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 complex of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20:48-58
146. Timmermans MCP, Phelps-Durr TL, Thomas J, Vahab P (2005) Maize rough sheath2 and its Arabidopsis orthologue ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 interact with HIRA, a predicted histone chaperone, to maintain knox gene silencing and determinacy during organogenesis. Plant Cell 17:2886-2898
147. Tsiantis M, Hay A, Barkoulas M (2006) ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 and auxin activities converge to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS expression and promote leaf development in Arabidopsis. Development 133:3955-3961
148. Tsiantis M, Schneeberger R, Golz JF, Freeling M, Langdale JA (1999) The maize rough sheath2 gene and leaf development programs in monocot and dicot plants. Science 284: 154-156
149. Updegraff DM (1969) Semimicro determination of cellulose inbiological materials. Analytical Biochemistry 32:420-424
150. van Wijk KJ, Kim J, Rudella A, Rodriguez VR, Zybailov B, Olinares PDB (2009) Subunits of the Plastid ClpPR Protease Complex Have Differential Contributions to Embryogenesis, Plastid Biogenesis, and Plant Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 21:1669-1692
151. Vollbrecht E, Reiser L, Hake S (2000) Shoot meristem size is dependent on inbred background and presence of the maize homeobox gene, knottedl. Development 127: 3161-3172
152. Waites R, Hudson A (1995) Phantastica:a gene required for dorsoventrality of leaves in Antirrhinum majus. Development 121:2143-2154
153. Waites R, Selvadurai H, Oliver IR, Hudson A (1998) The PHANTASTICA gene encodes a MYB transcription factor involved in growth and dorsoventrality of lateral organs in Antirrhinum. Cell 93:779-789
154. Wang DK, Liu HQ, Li KL, Li SJ, Tao YZ (2009) Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a narrow leaf mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Chinese Science Bulletin 54:752-758
155. Wang P, Gao J, Wan C, Zhang F, Xu Z, Huang X, Sun X, Deng X (2010) Divinyl chlorophyll(ide) a can be converted to monovinyl chlorophyll(ide) a by a divinyl reductase in rice. Plant Physiol 153:994-1003
156. Waters MT, Wang P, Korkaric M, Capper RG, Saunders NJ, Langdale JA (2009) GLK transcription factors coordinate expression of the photosynthetic apparatus in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 21:1109-1128
157. Wellburn AR (1994) The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. Plant Physiol 144:307-313
158. Wilmouth RC, Turnbull JJ, Welford RWD, Clifton IJ, Prescott AG, Schofield CJ (2002) Structure and mechanism of anthocyanidin synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Structure 10: 93-103
159.Winkel-Shirley B (2001) Flavonoid Biosynthesis. A Colorful Model for Genetics,Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Biotechnology. Plant Physiology 126:485-493
160. Woo YM, Park HJ, Su'udi M, Yang JI, Park JJ, Back K, Park YM, An G (2007) Constitutively wilted 1, a member of the rice YUCCA gene family, is required for maintaining water homeostasis and an appropriate root to shoot ratio. Plant Molecular Biology 65:125-136
161. Wu D, Shu Q, Xia Y (2002) In vitro mutagenesis induced novel thermo/photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile indica rice with green-revertible xanthan leaf color marker. Euphytica 123: 195-202
162.Wu G, Lin W, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA (2008) KANADI1 regulates adaxial Cabaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:16392
163. Wu ZM, Zhang X, He B, Diao LP, Sheng SL, Wang JL, Guo XP, Su N, Wang LF, Jiang L, Wang CM, Zhai HQ, Wan JM (2007) A chlorophyll-deficient rice mutant with impaired chlorophyllide esterification in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Plant Physiology 145:29-40
164. Xia L, Chen L, Guo CM, Hong Xin ZHANG, Zhao Z, Shen MS, Chen L (2007) Genetic Analysis and Mapping of Rice(Or yza sativa.L) sd2sl Mutant. Journal of Xiamen University (Nat ural Science) 46:847-851
165. Xiong G, Li R, Qian Q, Song X, Liu X, Yu Y, Zeng D, Wan J, Li J and Zhou Y (2010) The rice dynamin-related protein DRP2B mediates membrane trafficking, and thereby plays a critical role in secondary cell wall cellulose biosynthesis. The Plant Journal 64:56-70.
166. Yan C, Yan S, Zhang Z, Liang G, Lu J, Gu M (2006) Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping for a rice novel mutant (rl 9 (t)) with rolling leaf character. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:63-69
167. Yan S, Yan CJ, Zeng XH, Yang YC, Fang YW, Tian CY, Sun YW, Cheng ZK, Gu MH (2008) ROLLED LEAF 9, encoding a GARP protein, regulates the leaf abaxial cell fate in rice. Plant Molecular Biology 68:239-250
168. Yanai O, Shani E, Dolezal K, Tarkowski P, Sablowski R, Sandberg G, Samach A, Ori N (2005) Arabidopsis KNOXI proteins activate cytokinin biosynthesis. Current Biology 15: 1566-1571
169. Yang QS, He H, Li HY, Tian H, Zhang JJ, Zhai LG, Chen JD, Wu H, Yi GJ, He ZH, Peng XX (2011) NOA1 Functions in a Temperature-Dependent Manner to Regulate Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Rubisco Formation in Rice. Plos One 6
170. Yang SH, Huang XZ, Li JY, Bao F, Zhang XY (2010) A Gain-of-Function Mutation in the Arabidopsis Disease Resistance Gene RPP4 Confers Sensitivity to Low Temperature. Plant Physiology 154:796-809
171. Yoo SC, Cho SH, Sugimoto H, Li JJ, Kusumi K, Koh HJ, Iba K, Paek NC (2009) Rice Virescent3 and Stripe1 Encoding the Large and Small Subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase Are Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis during Early Leaf Development. Plant Physiology 150: 388-401
172. Yu QB, Jiang Y, Chong K, Yang ZN (2009) AtECB2, a pentatricopeptide repeat protein, is required for chloroplast transcript accD RNA editing and early chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Journal 59:1011-1023
173. Yuan LP (1997) Super-high yield hybrid rice breeding. Hybrid Rice 12:1-6
174. Zamore PD, Tang GL, Reinhart BJ, Bartel DP (2003) A biochemical framework for RNA silencing in plants. Genes & Development 17:49-63
175. Zhang GH, Xu Q, Zhu XD, Qian Q, Xue HW (2009) SHALLOT-LIKE1 Is a KANADI Transcription Factor That Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating Leaf Abaxial Cell Development. Plant Cell 21:719-735
176. Zhang HT, Li JJ, Yoo JH, Yoo SC, Cho SH, Koh HJ, Seo HS, Paek NC (2006) Rice chlorina-1 and chlorina-9 encode Ch1D and Chll subunits of Mg-chelatase, a key enzyme for chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development. Plant Molecular Biology 62:325-337
177. Zhang JR, Yue GD, Hu XR, He Y, Yang AF (2010) Identification and characterization of two members of the FtsH gene family in maize (Zea mays L.). Molecular Biology Reports 37: 855-863
178. Zhang LX, Chi W, Mao JA, Li QA, Ji DL, Zou MJ, Lu CM (2010) Interaction of the pentatricopeptide-repeat protein DELAYED GREENING 1 with sigma factor SIG6 in the regulation of chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis cotyledons. Plant Journal 64:14-25
179. Zheng B, MacDonald TM, Sutinen S, Hurry V, Clarke AK (2006) A nuclear-encoded ClpP subunit of the chloroplast ATP-dependent Clp protease is essential for early development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 224:1103-1115
180. Zhou W, Cheng Y, Yap A, Chateigner-Boutin A-L, Delannoy E, Kamel Hammani, Small I, Huang J (2009) The Arabidopsis gene YS1 encoding a DYW protein is required for editing of rpoB transcripts and the rapid development of chloroplasts during early growth. The Plant Journal 58:82-96
181. Zhu DF, Lin XQ, Cao WX (2001) Compar ison of Leaf Photosynthetic Character istics among Rice Hybrids with Different Leaf Rolling Index. ACTA AGRONOM ICA SIN ICA 27: 329-333
182. Zwiazek JJ (1991) Cell wall changes in white spruce (Picea glauca) needles subjected to repeated drought stress. Physiologia Plantarum 82:513-518
183. Zhong R, Lee C, Zhou J, McCarthy RL and Ye ZH (2008) A battery of transcription factors involved in the regulation of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 20:2763-2782.
184.成浩,李素芳,陈明,虞富莲,晏静,刘益民,陈龙安(1999)安吉白茶特异性状的生理生化本质.茶叶科学：87-92
185.何冰,刘玲珑,张文伟,万建民(2006)植物叶色突变体.植物生理学通讯42：1-9
186.余东,吴海滨,杨文韬,巩鹏涛,李有志,赵德刚(2008)水稻单侧卷叶突变体b157遗传分析及基因初步定位.分子植物育种6：220-226
187.李仕贵,马玉清,何平,黎汉云,陈英,周开达,朱立煌(1998)一个未知的卷叶基因的识别和定位.四川农业大学学报16：391-393
188.李贝贝,郭进魁,周云,张珠珠,张立新(2003)一种分析叶绿体类囊体膜色素蛋白复合物的蓝绿温和胶电泳系统.生物化学与生物物理进展30：639-643
189.沈年伟,钱前,张光恒(2009)水稻卷叶性状的研究进展及在育种中的应用.分子植物育种7：852-860
190.沈福成(1983)水稻卷叶性状遗传初探.贵州农业科学
191.邢才,王贵学,黄俊丽,吴金钟(2008)植物叶绿素突变体及其分子机理的研究进展.生物技术通报：10-12
192.周勇,方云霞,朱金燕,李生强,顾飞,顾铭洪,梁国华(2010)一个水稻卷叶突变体rl_(11(t))的遗传分析和基因定位.科学通报55：1240-1246
193.易俊良,陈立云(2006)水稻超高产育种研究进展.湖南农业科学：20-23
194.邵元健,潘存红,陈宗祥,左示敏,张亚芳,潘学彪(2005)水稻不完全隐性卷叶主基因rl_(t)的精细定位.科学通报50：2466-2472
195.邵元健,陈宗祥,张亚芳,陈恩会,祁顶成,缪进,潘学彪(2005)一个水稻卷叶主效qtl的定位及其物理图谱的构建.遗传学报32：501-506
196.郎有忠,张祖建,顾兴友,杨建昌.朱庆森(2004)水稻卷叶性状生理生态效应的研究Ⅱ.光合特性、物质生产与产量形成.作物学报30：883-887
197.桑贤春,何光华,张毅,杨正林,裴炎(2003)水稻pcr扩增模板的快速制备.遗传25：705-707
198.崔海瑞,夏英武,高明尉(2001)温度对水稻突变体w1叶色及叶绿素生物合成的影响.核农学报15：269-273
199.严长杰,严松,张正球,梁国华,陆驹飞,顾铭洪(2005)一个新的水稻卷叶突变体r1_9(t)的遗传分析和基因定位.科学通报50：2757-2762
200.刘巧珍,孙克增,刘金波,徐福海(2009)水稻超高产育种研究进展.现代农业科技：163-165
201.刘肖飞,梁卫红(2009)根癌农杆菌介导的gfp在洋葱表皮细胞定位研究.河南师范大学学报(自然科学版)37：123-150
202.张三元,李彻,石玉海,张俊国,杨桂兰,赵劲松(1999)吉林省水稻超高产育种研究Ⅰ.不同类型水稻品种产量构成与超高产育种目标.吉林农业科学24：4-7
203.罗伟(2009)水稻反卷叶基因和褐壳基因的遗传分析与基因定位.
204.罗远章,赵芳明,桑贤春,凌英华,杨正林,何光华(2009)水稻新型卷叶突变体rl12(t)的遗传分析和基因定位.作物学报35：1967-1972
205.谢华安,张建福,王乌齐,郑家团,黄庭旭(2006)超级稻育种实践与前景.分子植物育种4：4-10
206.陈宗祥,左示敏,张亚芳,李磊,潘学彪,马玉银(2010)水稻卷叶性状遗传及育种应用研究进展.扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)31：22-27
207.陈宗祥,陈刚,胡俊,戴留春,陶国英,潘学彪(2002)R1_((t))卷叶基因在杂交水稻中的遗传表达及效应研究.作物学报28：847-851
208.陈英之,刘丕庆,白德朗,李容柏(2010)水稻卷叶突变新基因的遗传分析和初步定位.广西农业科学41：403-407
209.顾兴友,顾铭洪(1995)一种水稻卷叶性状的遗传分析.遗传17：20-23
210.马志虎,颜素芳,罗秀龙,郝华忠(2001)辣椒黄绿苗突变体对良种繁育及纯度鉴定作用.北方园艺：13-14