环保型缓蚀剂的制备及其在金属防腐中的应用研究
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摘要
通过大量的实验,研究了天然环保型缓蚀剂植酸(肌醇六磷酸酯)的提取工艺。结果发现,植酸提取的最佳酸浓度为:盐酸0.06mol/L、硫酸0.03 mol/L。植酸的最佳萃取时间为2小时;在无机酸类萃取剂中添加了乙醇或丙酮,可大大提高植酸酸式盐的一次萃取率和原料利用率;提取实验中氨水、离子交换树脂可以减少植酸中的杂质,提高产品的纯度。用稳态极化曲线、交流阻抗、塔菲曲线及开路电位等电化学方法和SEM分别考察了分别考察了植酸和改性钠盐两性咪唑啉(B)在模拟海水(3.5%NaCl溶液)中对A3钢的缓蚀作用和在模拟混凝土孔隙液中对16号建筑用钢筋的缓蚀性能,得出以下结论:植酸能有效减缓A3钢和钢筋的腐蚀,是一种优良的阳极型缓蚀剂。临界氯离子浓度与混凝土模拟孔隙液中的pH值存在着半对数线性关系。改性咪唑啉(B)对海水循环冷却水系统中A3钢具有良好的缓蚀性能,是一种阳极型缓蚀剂。在pH值为9.5的碳化混凝土体系中,改性两性钠盐咪唑啉(B)具有良好的缓蚀性能,是一种阳极缓蚀剂;在pH值为10.5的碳化混凝土模拟孔隙液中不具备缓蚀作用。
This study inspected the abstraction way of corrosion inhibitor, Phytic acid, which benefits the environment around us, by a lot of experiment. The result shows that the best acid concentration of Phytic acid abstraction is that hydrochloric acid is 0.06 mol/L and sulpHuric acid is 0.03mol/L. The optimal extraction time of the Phytic acid is two hours. The addition of the absolute alcohol and acetone will remarkably improve the rate of the Phytic acid abstraction and also improve the availability of the material. The process of the Phytic acid abstraction used ammonia water and the ion exchange resin avoid the invasion of the foreign matter. As a result, the cost of the abstraction is decreased. The experiment also studied the inhibition effect of the Phytic acid and the imidazoline derivate (B) on A3 steel and the concrete steel of 16 in simulative sea water (3.5%NaCl solution) and simulative pore solution of the concrete by steady polarization curves, A.C impedance, Tafel curves and open potential. The result shows that the Phytic acid can remarkably inhibit the corrosion of the A3 steel and concrete steel and it is an anodic inhibitor. And the critical chloride iron concentration and the simulative pore solution of the concrete have an half logarithm linear relationship.The imidazoline derivate (B) has the eminent inhibition on the corrosion of the A3 steel in simulative sea water (3.5%NaCl solution) and it is a typical kind of anodic inhibitor. And B has the same inhibition in the simulative pore solution environment of carbon concrete which pH value is 9.5. It is an anodic inhibitor in this environment. But the B could not inhibit the corrosion of the concrete steel in the simulative pore solution environment of carbon concrete which pH value is 10.5.
This study inspected the abstraction way of corrosion inhibitor, Phytic acid, which benefits the environment around us, by a lot of experiment. The result shows that the best acid concentration of Phytic acid abstraction is that hydrochloric acid is 0.06 mol/L and sulpHuric acid is 0.03mol/L. The optimal extraction time of the Phytic acid is two hours. The addition of the absolute alcohol and acetone will remarkably improve the rate of the Phytic acid abstraction and also improve the availability of the material. The process of the Phytic acid abstraction used ammonia water and the ion exchange resin avoid the invasion of the foreign matter. As a result, the cost of the abstraction is decreased. The experiment also studied the inhibition effect of the Phytic acid and the imidazoline derivate (B) on A3 steel and the concrete steel of 16 in simulative sea water (3.5%NaCl solution) and simulative pore solution of the concrete by steady polarization curves, A.C impedance, Tafel curves and open potential. The result shows that the Phytic acid can remarkably inhibit the corrosion of the A3 steel and concrete steel and it is an anodic inhibitor. And the critical chloride iron concentration and the simulative pore solution of the concrete have an half logarithm linear relationship.The imidazoline derivate (B) has the eminent inhibition on the corrosion of the A3 steel in simulative sea water (3.5%NaCl solution) and it is a typical kind of anodic inhibitor. And B has the same inhibition in the simulative pore solution environment of carbon concrete which pH value is 9.5. It is an anodic inhibitor in this environment. But the B could not inhibit the corrosion of the concrete steel in the simulative pore solution environment of carbon concrete which pH value is 10.5.
引文
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[25]Mussato B T,Gep raegsO K,Farnden G.Relative effects of sodium chloride and magnesium chloride on reinforced concrete state of the art[J].Maintenance and Management of Pavement and Structures,2004,(1866):59-66.
[26]尚辉 赵睿敏 沿海地区混凝土结构的腐蚀及腐蚀防护
[27]MorrisW,Vazquez V M.Corrosion of reinforced concrete exposed to marine environment[J].Corrosion Reviews,2002,20(6):469-508.
[28]Glass G K,Buenfeld N R.The influence of chloride binding on the chloride induced corrosion risk in reinforced concrete[J].Corrosion Science,2000,42(2):329-344.
[29]Hussain S E,A12GahtaniA S,Rasheeduzzafar.Chloride threshold for corrosion of reinforcement in concrete[J].ACIMaterials Journal,1996,94(6):534-538.
[30]OSMAN BURKAN ISGOR,AdurabilityModel for Chloride and Carbonation Induced Steel Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete Members,[PHd].Ottawa,Canada,2001.
[31]李伟华,裴长岭.混凝土中钢筋腐蚀与钢筋阻锈剂[J].材料开发与应用,2007,22(5):57-60.
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[33]洪乃丰.混凝土中氯盐与钢筋腐蚀的几个相关问题[J].工业建筑,2003,33(11):39-42.
[34]ChatterjiS.On the applicability of Fick's second law to Chloride ion migrationthrough Portland cement concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1995,25(2)299-303.
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