300MW汽轮机变工况运行及安全性能的研究
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摘要
本文是以东方汽轮机厂N300-16.7/537/537-5型汽轮机为研究对象,以电算化手段进行变工况及应力分析。介绍了汽轮机组变工况特性的详细原理,采用面向对象式开发工具DELPHI编制了工况点数据分析程序,介绍了编制原理并把分析结果以附表的形式给出,为现场汽轮机的运行提供依据。同时本文将用ANSYS有限单元法对大容量汽轮机转子温度场和应力场进行模拟计算,以计算机输出的图形形式给出计算结果,通过对计算结果的分析,找出转子启动过程中的危险截面和相应的应力峰值。最后,根据计算分析结果,进一步详细的分析影响汽轮机转子热应力和寿命的因素,得出如何合理的控制汽轮机转子运行中的热应力,降低转子的寿命损耗等具有安全性参考价值的结论。
The research object of this text is N300 -16.7/537/537-5 type of steam turbine which ismade by East Steam Turbine Factory, we carry on changing the work condition by COBOLand stress analysis. We introduce the detailed principle of changing the work conditioncharacteristic of steam turbine rotor, and adopt to face to the object type development toolDELPHI to draw up the work condition point according to the analysis procedure, andintroduce to draw up principle to combine the analysis result with attach form of the form,providing the basis of circulatation for the spot. This text will use a limited unit method ofANSYS machine to imitate a calculation about the temperature field to the 300 MW steamturbine rotor and stress field, giving with the calculator output's sketch form calculation result,passing to the analysis that computes a result, find out dangerous piece noodles withcorrespond of stress value in the starting process. At last, according to the result ofcalculating and analysis , we will analyse influence factor of thermal stress and life span tosteam turbine rotor, and get how is reasonable to control thermal stress of steam turbine rotor,the life span etc. to have the conclusion of the safety reference value.
The research object of this text is N300 -16.7/537/537-5 type of steam turbine which ismade by East Steam Turbine Factory, we carry on changing the work condition by COBOLand stress analysis. We introduce the detailed principle of changing the work conditioncharacteristic of steam turbine rotor, and adopt to face to the object type development toolDELPHI to draw up the work condition point according to the analysis procedure, andintroduce to draw up principle to combine the analysis result with attach form of the form,providing the basis of circulatation for the spot. This text will use a limited unit method ofANSYS machine to imitate a calculation about the temperature field to the 300 MW steamturbine rotor and stress field, giving with the calculator output's sketch form calculation result,passing to the analysis that computes a result, find out dangerous piece noodles withcorrespond of stress value in the starting process. At last, according to the result ofcalculating and analysis , we will analyse influence factor of thermal stress and life span tosteam turbine rotor, and get how is reasonable to control thermal stress of steam turbine rotor,the life span etc. to have the conclusion of the safety reference value.
引文
[1] 张保衡 .大容量发电机组寿命管理与调峰运行.水利电力出版社,1988 年 7 月.
[2] 汽轮机运行技术问答/华东电业管理局编.-北京:中国电力出版社(1998 重印).
[3] 沈士一等.汽轮机原理.高等教育出版社.1992 年.
[4] 李维特,黄保海.汽轮机变工况热力计算.中国电力出版社,2001 年.
[5] 冯慧雯.汽轮机课程设计参考资料.中国电力出版社,1992 年.
[6] 唐礼,N300-16.7/537/537-5 型汽轮机热力特性书,东方汽轮机厂,1997 年.
[7] 祁海涛,胡念苏,周宇阳. 阿尔斯通换热系数计算公式的应用.汽轮机技术,2004,(46):21-22.
[8] 沈雅钧,杨永华,苏静.国产 300MW 汽轮机转子应力场的有限元分析. 浙江水产学院学报,1998 年 9 月,200-207.
[9] 李维特,黄保海.国产 300MW 汽轮机转子热应力的计算与分析. 山东电力技术,1999年 2 月,11-14.
[10] 李继莲. 200MW 机组汽轮机转子热应力. 电力学报,2003 年第 18 卷第 4 期,283-284.
[11] 高永旺,梁志宏. 330MW 汽轮机转子热应力监控系统综述.华北电力技术,2005 年2 期,41-43.
[12] 高志军.600 汽轮机转子冷态启动热应力计算与分析. 汽轮机技术,2005 年 8 月,269-270.
[13] 孙伟.调峰运行的燃气轮机联合循环汽轮机转子热应力和寿命损耗分析. 动力工程,2003 年 4 月,2266-2269.
[14] 武新华等. 600MW 汽轮机转子疲劳寿命损耗计算[J].汽轮机技术,1999,41(3),155-160.
[15] 李益民,李中华,王华,陈强,陈聪智.某电厂 50MW 汽轮机汽缸温度场及热应力有限元分析.热力发电,2003(9),21-24.
[16] 毕仲波,杨建柱,王学同.影响汽轮机转子热应力及寿命的因素分析.山东电力技术,2002(3),5-9.
[17] 杨宁,赖加良,周宇阳.珠海发电厂三菱 700MW汽轮机启动过程及应力分析.广 东电力,2001(1),1-5.
[18] 王建梅,等.调峰汽轮机转子热应力及寿命损耗在线监测系统[J].汽轮机技术,2001,43(5):298～300.
[19]黄保海,李维特.汽轮机转子放热系数的计算分析[J].电站系统工程,1999,15(4):35—37.
[20] 傅忠广,张保衡.汽轮机转子热弹性槽形状与应力分布的关系.热力发电,1997(6),3-6.
[21]H.Matsumoto Y sato, etal. Turbine Control System Based On Prediction of Rotor Thermal Stress. IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and System, Vol.PAS-101,No.8 August,1982
[22]Ivar Hodand. Finite Element Methods in stress Analysis.1972
[23]Bausa,J., and Transaction, G.,2001, “Dynamic Optimization of Start-Up and Load-Increasing Processes in Power Plants: Part Ⅱ—Application,”ASME J.Eng.Gas Turbine Power,123,251-254
[24]Jardine A K S. Optimizing Reliability Centered Maintenance Decisions. Proceedings of ACSIM2000:298～302
[25]Stevens GL,Ranganath S. Use of on-line fatigue monitoring of nuclear reactor components as a tool for plant life extension. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,1991,113:349-357
[2] 汽轮机运行技术问答/华东电业管理局编.-北京:中国电力出版社(1998 重印).
[3] 沈士一等.汽轮机原理.高等教育出版社.1992 年.
[4] 李维特,黄保海.汽轮机变工况热力计算.中国电力出版社,2001 年.
[5] 冯慧雯.汽轮机课程设计参考资料.中国电力出版社,1992 年.
[6] 唐礼,N300-16.7/537/537-5 型汽轮机热力特性书,东方汽轮机厂,1997 年.
[7] 祁海涛,胡念苏,周宇阳. 阿尔斯通换热系数计算公式的应用.汽轮机技术,2004,(46):21-22.
[8] 沈雅钧,杨永华,苏静.国产 300MW 汽轮机转子应力场的有限元分析. 浙江水产学院学报,1998 年 9 月,200-207.
[9] 李维特,黄保海.国产 300MW 汽轮机转子热应力的计算与分析. 山东电力技术,1999年 2 月,11-14.
[10] 李继莲. 200MW 机组汽轮机转子热应力. 电力学报,2003 年第 18 卷第 4 期,283-284.
[11] 高永旺,梁志宏. 330MW 汽轮机转子热应力监控系统综述.华北电力技术,2005 年2 期,41-43.
[12] 高志军.600 汽轮机转子冷态启动热应力计算与分析. 汽轮机技术,2005 年 8 月,269-270.
[13] 孙伟.调峰运行的燃气轮机联合循环汽轮机转子热应力和寿命损耗分析. 动力工程,2003 年 4 月,2266-2269.
[14] 武新华等. 600MW 汽轮机转子疲劳寿命损耗计算[J].汽轮机技术,1999,41(3),155-160.
[15] 李益民,李中华,王华,陈强,陈聪智.某电厂 50MW 汽轮机汽缸温度场及热应力有限元分析.热力发电,2003(9),21-24.
[16] 毕仲波,杨建柱,王学同.影响汽轮机转子热应力及寿命的因素分析.山东电力技术,2002(3),5-9.
[17] 杨宁,赖加良,周宇阳.珠海发电厂三菱 700MW汽轮机启动过程及应力分析.广 东电力,2001(1),1-5.
[18] 王建梅,等.调峰汽轮机转子热应力及寿命损耗在线监测系统[J].汽轮机技术,2001,43(5):298～300.
[19]黄保海,李维特.汽轮机转子放热系数的计算分析[J].电站系统工程,1999,15(4):35—37.
[20] 傅忠广,张保衡.汽轮机转子热弹性槽形状与应力分布的关系.热力发电,1997(6),3-6.
[21]H.Matsumoto Y sato, etal. Turbine Control System Based On Prediction of Rotor Thermal Stress. IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and System, Vol.PAS-101,No.8 August,1982
[22]Ivar Hodand. Finite Element Methods in stress Analysis.1972
[23]Bausa,J., and Transaction, G.,2001, “Dynamic Optimization of Start-Up and Load-Increasing Processes in Power Plants: Part Ⅱ—Application,”ASME J.Eng.Gas Turbine Power,123,251-254
[24]Jardine A K S. Optimizing Reliability Centered Maintenance Decisions. Proceedings of ACSIM2000:298～302
[25]Stevens GL,Ranganath S. Use of on-line fatigue monitoring of nuclear reactor components as a tool for plant life extension. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,1991,113:349-357