水解酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响
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摘要
城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化处理是利用厌氧消化技术处理其中的有机成分,即易腐生物质。相对于填埋、焚烧和堆肥等处理方式,该技术在处理垃圾治理环境的同时,获得清洁能源,具有显著的能源效益、经济效益、环境和生态效益、以及社会效益,而被认为是资源化利用最合理、最有效的途径。然而,由于城市有机生活垃圾复杂多变,加大了厌氧消化处理的难度,致使该技术的实际应用受到了限制。
为此,本文依据目前国内外的一些相关报道,针对城市有机生活垃圾富含淀粉、纤维素、半纤维素、脂肪和蛋白质的特点,研究水解酶预处理对城市生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响。其目的是通过水解酶预处理促进城市有机生活垃圾水解,降低底物的复杂性、增强底物厌氧消化的适应性,提高底物厌氧消化的产气效率。从而为水解酶预处理技术应用于城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化探索一条可行的技术路线。
在研究中,本文首先建立以水解度为指标函数的水解酶动力学分析法和厌氧消化Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法。其次采用水解酶动力学分析法,研究了淀粉酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶以及混合水解酶对城市有机生活垃圾水解度的影响。最后采用Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法,研究水解酶预处理对城市生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响。具体研究结果如下：
(1)建立的以水解度为指标函数的水解酶动力学分析方法,可应用于分析评价各种水解酶用量、底物浓度、水解时间和温度对城市有机生活垃圾水解度的影响。
(2)根据厌氧消化Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法,获得了相关厌氧消化动力学参数指标,并以此参数指标,分析和评价了水解酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化影响,为厌氧消化的研究和数据的深入分析提供一种新方法。
(3)料种比和消化浓度对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化影响的研究结果表明,当料种比在1.5：1-2.5：1和VS浓度为4%-8%时,较为适合城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化。
(4)城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化水解酶变化的研究结果表明,厌氧消化产气过程与水解酶密切相关。各种水解酶的酶活增加日产气量也增加、酶活降低日产气量降低,且酶活的高峰期也正是日产气量的高峰期。
(5)α-淀粉酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾α-淀粉酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量80U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间60min和水解温度80℃,此条件下的水解度为9.15%。当利用α-淀粉酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出α-淀粉酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量100U/gVS、底物浓度8%、处理时间60min和处理温度70℃,此条件下的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了17.0%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了21.4%。
(6)纤维素酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究表明,城市有机生活垃圾纤维素酶水解的最佳条件为：酶用量120U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间24h、水解温度60℃和水解pH5.6,此条件下的水解度为23.8%。当利用纤维素酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出纤维素酶预处理的最佳条件为：酶用量140U/gVS、底物浓度10%、处理时间24h、处理温度50℃和pH值为5.6,此条件下的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了29.0%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了25.7%。
(7)木聚糖酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾木聚糖酶水解的最佳条件为：酶用量20万U/gVS、底物VS浓度10%、水解时间12h、水解温度50℃和水解pH7.0,此条件下的水解度为32.2%。当利用木聚糖酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出木聚糖酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量15万U/gVS、底物浓度12%、处理时间16h、处理温度50℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了15.4%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了19.2%。
(8)脂肪酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾脂肪酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH7.5下,酶用量60U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间12h和水解温度50。C,此条件下的水解度为34.8%。当利用脂肪酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出脂肪酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH中性条件下,酶用量80U/gVS、底物浓度10%、处理时间16h、处理温度50℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了14.6%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了13.9%。
(9)蛋白酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾蛋白酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH7.5下,酶用量12.5×103U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间12h和水解温度50。C,此条件下的水解度为14.3%。当利用蛋白酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出蛋白酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量10×103U/gVS、底物浓度10%%、水解时间12h、水解温度40℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了16.8%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了18.7%。
(10)混合水解酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,木聚糖酶对水解度的贡献最大为61.7%,其次是α-淀粉酶为17.2%,最小的纤维素酶仅有1.33%。当利用混合水解酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,最大累积产气量和VS产气量、以及最大产气速率和VS产气速率所有指标参数受α-淀粉酶的影响最大,木聚糖酶次之,脂肪酶最小,因此在混合水解酶配方中,应优先考虑α-淀粉酶和木聚糖酶。
以上研究在城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化水解酶预处理技术的方面取得了一定的成果,但仍然存在许多问题有待进一步的探讨和完善。
Compared with landfill, incineration and compost, anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) could recover clean energy in the process of treating waste, resulted in remarkable energy benefit, economy benefit, eco-environment benefit and social benefit, so that it was considered as the most reasonable and efficient way of resource utilization. However, when this technology was used to treat OFMSW, due to the complexity and variability of OFMSW, there was a lot of difficulty and limitation to need to overcome.
It was well-known that the OFMSW was a complex waste, rich in starch, cellulose, xylan, fat and protein, and if any constituent of them was pre-degraded, there would be good for anaerobic digestion (AD). So based on some reports related at home and abroad, in this dissertation, the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion was investigated to promote OFMSW pre-hydrolysis, so that the complexity of OFMSW was minimized, and the efficency of AD was increased. More impotant was to develop an approach to hydrolase pretreatment applied to AD.
In carrying out this research, firstly, a hydrolase kinetic analysis method with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) as index function and a Modified Gomperts Model (MGM) for anaerobic digestion were set up. And then, by using hydrolase kinetic analysis method, amylase, cellulase, hemicelluase, lipase, protease and mixed hydrolytic enzyme were respectively used to estimate the influence of them on DH of OFMSW. Finally, by means of MGM, the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW was investigated. Some research results as follows:
(1) The hydrolase kinetic analysis method with the degree of hydrolysis as index function could be used to analyze and estimate the influence of hydrolase dosage, substrate concentration, hydrolytic time, and hydrolytic temperature on DH of OFMSW.
(2) Based on anaerobic digestion Modified Gomperts Model, the kinetic parameters of OFMSW digestion was obtained that could be used to analyze and estimate the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW. This attempt would provide a new method for AD research and data analysis.
(3) The experiment results from influence of feedstock to inoculum ratio (FIR) and the digestive concentration (DC) on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW, showed that the FIR from 1.5:1 to 2.5:1 and the DC from 4% to 8% were very good for OFMSW digestion.
(4) The experiment results from change of hydrolase activities in OFMSW digestion, indicated that various hydrolytic enzyme activities had a closely relationship with biogas rate. With the increase and decrease of enzyme activity, biogas rate would correspondingly increase and decrease, the peak values of enzyme activity and biogas rate almost occured at the time.
(5) The experiment results from a-amylase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, demonstrated that under neutral pH value, the optimum hydrolytic condition for a-amylase was:enzyme dosage 100U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, hydrolytic time 60min and temperature 80℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 9.15%. When using a-amylase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for a-amylase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 100U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, pretreatment time 60min and temperature 70℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 17.0%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by 21.4%.
(6) The experiment results from cellulose pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for cellulase was:enzyme dosage 120U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 24h, temperature 60℃and pH value 5.6, and at this conditions, the DH was 23.8%. When using cellulase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for cellulase was:enzyme dosage 140U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 24h, temperature 50℃, and pH value 5.6, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 29.0%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by25.7%.
(7) The experiment results from xylan pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for hemi-cellulase was:enzyme dosage 200 thousand U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, hydrolytic time 12h, temperature 50℃and pH value 7.0, and at this conditions, the DH was 32.2%. When using hemi-cellulase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for hemi-cellulase was: under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 150 thousand U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 12%, pretreatment time 16h, temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 15.4%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by19.2%.
(8) The experiment results from lipase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 60U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 12h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 34.8%. When using lipase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 80U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 16h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 14.6%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by13.9%.
(9) The experiment results from protease pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 12.5×103U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 12h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 14.3%. When using protease pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 10x103 U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 12h and temperature 40℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 16.8%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by18.8%.
(10) The experiment results from mixed hydrolase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that hemi-cellulase had a maximum contribution of 61.7%to the degree of hydrolysis, followed by a-amylase 17.2%, cellulase smallest only 1.33%. When using mixed hydrolase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, with regard to the extent of influence of different hydrolases on accumulative biogas yield, VS biogas potential, biogas rate and VS biogas rate, a-amylase was the largest one of them, next hemi-cellulase or y-amylase, and lipase was the smallest one. Hence, ingredients in mixed hydrolases should take into consideration a-amylase, hemi-cellulase or y-amylase firstly.
These results above were only a little bit achievements being made in this experimental research, but there still were many problems to further explore and perfect for hydrolase pretreatment technology if it would was applied to OFMSW anaerobic digestion.
为此,本文依据目前国内外的一些相关报道,针对城市有机生活垃圾富含淀粉、纤维素、半纤维素、脂肪和蛋白质的特点,研究水解酶预处理对城市生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响。其目的是通过水解酶预处理促进城市有机生活垃圾水解,降低底物的复杂性、增强底物厌氧消化的适应性,提高底物厌氧消化的产气效率。从而为水解酶预处理技术应用于城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化探索一条可行的技术路线。
在研究中,本文首先建立以水解度为指标函数的水解酶动力学分析法和厌氧消化Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法。其次采用水解酶动力学分析法,研究了淀粉酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶以及混合水解酶对城市有机生活垃圾水解度的影响。最后采用Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法,研究水解酶预处理对城市生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响。具体研究结果如下：
(1)建立的以水解度为指标函数的水解酶动力学分析方法,可应用于分析评价各种水解酶用量、底物浓度、水解时间和温度对城市有机生活垃圾水解度的影响。
(2)根据厌氧消化Modified Gomperts Model拟合分析法,获得了相关厌氧消化动力学参数指标,并以此参数指标,分析和评价了水解酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化影响,为厌氧消化的研究和数据的深入分析提供一种新方法。
(3)料种比和消化浓度对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化影响的研究结果表明,当料种比在1.5：1-2.5：1和VS浓度为4%-8%时,较为适合城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化。
(4)城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化水解酶变化的研究结果表明,厌氧消化产气过程与水解酶密切相关。各种水解酶的酶活增加日产气量也增加、酶活降低日产气量降低,且酶活的高峰期也正是日产气量的高峰期。
(5)α-淀粉酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾α-淀粉酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量80U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间60min和水解温度80℃,此条件下的水解度为9.15%。当利用α-淀粉酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出α-淀粉酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量100U/gVS、底物浓度8%、处理时间60min和处理温度70℃,此条件下的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了17.0%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了21.4%。
(6)纤维素酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究表明,城市有机生活垃圾纤维素酶水解的最佳条件为：酶用量120U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间24h、水解温度60℃和水解pH5.6,此条件下的水解度为23.8%。当利用纤维素酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出纤维素酶预处理的最佳条件为：酶用量140U/gVS、底物浓度10%、处理时间24h、处理温度50℃和pH值为5.6,此条件下的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了29.0%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了25.7%。
(7)木聚糖酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾木聚糖酶水解的最佳条件为：酶用量20万U/gVS、底物VS浓度10%、水解时间12h、水解温度50℃和水解pH7.0,此条件下的水解度为32.2%。当利用木聚糖酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出木聚糖酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量15万U/gVS、底物浓度12%、处理时间16h、处理温度50℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了15.4%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了19.2%。
(8)脂肪酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾脂肪酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH7.5下,酶用量60U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间12h和水解温度50。C,此条件下的水解度为34.8%。当利用脂肪酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出脂肪酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH中性条件下,酶用量80U/gVS、底物浓度10%、处理时间16h、处理温度50℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了14.6%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了13.9%。
(9)蛋白酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,城市有机生活垃圾蛋白酶水解的最佳条件为：在pH7.5下,酶用量12.5×103U/gVS、底物VS浓度8%、水解时间12h和水解温度50。C,此条件下的水解度为14.3%。当利用蛋白酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,得出蛋白酶预处理的最佳条件为：在pH值中性下,酶用量10×103U/gVS、底物浓度10%%、水解时间12h、水解温度40℃,此条件下的城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的最大累积产气量和VS产气量比未经处理的提高了16.8%,最大产气速率和VS产气速率提高了18.7%。
(10)混合水解酶预处理对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化的影响的研究结果表明,木聚糖酶对水解度的贡献最大为61.7%,其次是α-淀粉酶为17.2%,最小的纤维素酶仅有1.33%。当利用混合水解酶对城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化进行预处理时,最大累积产气量和VS产气量、以及最大产气速率和VS产气速率所有指标参数受α-淀粉酶的影响最大,木聚糖酶次之,脂肪酶最小,因此在混合水解酶配方中,应优先考虑α-淀粉酶和木聚糖酶。
以上研究在城市有机生活垃圾厌氧消化水解酶预处理技术的方面取得了一定的成果,但仍然存在许多问题有待进一步的探讨和完善。
Compared with landfill, incineration and compost, anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) could recover clean energy in the process of treating waste, resulted in remarkable energy benefit, economy benefit, eco-environment benefit and social benefit, so that it was considered as the most reasonable and efficient way of resource utilization. However, when this technology was used to treat OFMSW, due to the complexity and variability of OFMSW, there was a lot of difficulty and limitation to need to overcome.
It was well-known that the OFMSW was a complex waste, rich in starch, cellulose, xylan, fat and protein, and if any constituent of them was pre-degraded, there would be good for anaerobic digestion (AD). So based on some reports related at home and abroad, in this dissertation, the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion was investigated to promote OFMSW pre-hydrolysis, so that the complexity of OFMSW was minimized, and the efficency of AD was increased. More impotant was to develop an approach to hydrolase pretreatment applied to AD.
In carrying out this research, firstly, a hydrolase kinetic analysis method with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) as index function and a Modified Gomperts Model (MGM) for anaerobic digestion were set up. And then, by using hydrolase kinetic analysis method, amylase, cellulase, hemicelluase, lipase, protease and mixed hydrolytic enzyme were respectively used to estimate the influence of them on DH of OFMSW. Finally, by means of MGM, the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW was investigated. Some research results as follows:
(1) The hydrolase kinetic analysis method with the degree of hydrolysis as index function could be used to analyze and estimate the influence of hydrolase dosage, substrate concentration, hydrolytic time, and hydrolytic temperature on DH of OFMSW.
(2) Based on anaerobic digestion Modified Gomperts Model, the kinetic parameters of OFMSW digestion was obtained that could be used to analyze and estimate the influence of hydrolase pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW. This attempt would provide a new method for AD research and data analysis.
(3) The experiment results from influence of feedstock to inoculum ratio (FIR) and the digestive concentration (DC) on anaerobic digestion of OFMSW, showed that the FIR from 1.5:1 to 2.5:1 and the DC from 4% to 8% were very good for OFMSW digestion.
(4) The experiment results from change of hydrolase activities in OFMSW digestion, indicated that various hydrolytic enzyme activities had a closely relationship with biogas rate. With the increase and decrease of enzyme activity, biogas rate would correspondingly increase and decrease, the peak values of enzyme activity and biogas rate almost occured at the time.
(5) The experiment results from a-amylase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, demonstrated that under neutral pH value, the optimum hydrolytic condition for a-amylase was:enzyme dosage 100U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, hydrolytic time 60min and temperature 80℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 9.15%. When using a-amylase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for a-amylase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 100U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, pretreatment time 60min and temperature 70℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 17.0%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by 21.4%.
(6) The experiment results from cellulose pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for cellulase was:enzyme dosage 120U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 24h, temperature 60℃and pH value 5.6, and at this conditions, the DH was 23.8%. When using cellulase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for cellulase was:enzyme dosage 140U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 24h, temperature 50℃, and pH value 5.6, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 29.0%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by25.7%.
(7) The experiment results from xylan pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for hemi-cellulase was:enzyme dosage 200 thousand U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, hydrolytic time 12h, temperature 50℃and pH value 7.0, and at this conditions, the DH was 32.2%. When using hemi-cellulase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for hemi-cellulase was: under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 150 thousand U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 12%, pretreatment time 16h, temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 15.4%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by19.2%.
(8) The experiment results from lipase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 60U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 12h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 34.8%. When using lipase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 80U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 16h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 14.6%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by13.9%.
(9) The experiment results from protease pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that the optimum hydrolytic condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 12.5×103U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 8%, hydrolytic time 12h and temperature 50℃, and at this conditions, the DH was 14.3%. When using protease pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, the optimum pretreatment condition for lipase was:under neutral pH value, enzyme dosage 10x103 U/gVS, substrate VS concentration 10%, pretreatment time 12h and temperature 40℃, and at this conditions, compared with without any pretreatment group, the maximal accumulative biogas yield and VS biogas potential were increased by 16.8%, and the maximal biogas rate and VS biogas rate were increased by18.8%.
(10) The experiment results from mixed hydrolase pretreatment applied to OFMSW digestion, showed that hemi-cellulase had a maximum contribution of 61.7%to the degree of hydrolysis, followed by a-amylase 17.2%, cellulase smallest only 1.33%. When using mixed hydrolase pretreatment to OFMSW for anaerobic digestion, with regard to the extent of influence of different hydrolases on accumulative biogas yield, VS biogas potential, biogas rate and VS biogas rate, a-amylase was the largest one of them, next hemi-cellulase or y-amylase, and lipase was the smallest one. Hence, ingredients in mixed hydrolases should take into consideration a-amylase, hemi-cellulase or y-amylase firstly.
These results above were only a little bit achievements being made in this experimental research, but there still were many problems to further explore and perfect for hydrolase pretreatment technology if it would was applied to OFMSW anaerobic digestion.
引文
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