频率稳定度测试仪软件的设计与实现
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摘要
频率稳定度是时间计量基准性能的主要指标之一,它反映标准频率本身的稳定性和其对外界各种干扰因素的敏感程度。高精度时间基准即原子钟技术,关系到国家安全和其他高科技领域发展水平。有了高精度原子钟技术也需要有与之相适应的高精度频率稳定度测量技术。因此,研制具有自主知识产权的新一代频率稳定度测试仪器以适应我国原子钟发展的需要,具有重要的现实意义。本课题正是针对这一战略需要并结合本单位需求,利用原有技术基础,将原有系统进行改进,并结合软件技术的发展和电子技术的进步,实现高精度频率稳定度的自动测量。
本文系统论述了频率稳定度测试仪软件的设计和实现。本文首先讨论系统的原理、结构和功能,然后根据频率稳定度特性的数学表征推导出系统的信号处理模型。基于软件的需求分析,运用UML(统建模语言)方法,重点分析了软件系统的框架结构、自动测试流程和数据处理及其算法。最后给出系统实现、结果分析和对下一步工作的展望。
本系统软件在结构上可总体分为底层控制程序和应用软件程序两部分。底层控制程序用于控制和测量频率源信号在取样时间内的计数值,采集数据,计算其稳定度值并显示。应用软件程序具有较强的运算能力和处理速度,因此可将底层控制程序获得的数据保存、处理、分析、输出,以及对测试系统的自动流程控制等。两部分软件程序通过串行通信接口实现数据传递,用这样的方式构成了频率稳定度的自动测试系统。
本文重点介绍了由单片机汇编语言编写的底层控制程序,它包括计数器控制端程序、DDS控制程序、数据采集及计算程序、数码管显示程序,以及通讯接口协议及程序的编写等。经过测试与改进,本测试仪实现了预期的功能需求,软件工作稳定,测试结果可靠、可信。
Frequency stability is one of the main technical specifications for the measurement time reference, which reflects the standard frequency's own stability and the degree of its sensitivity with various external interference factors. High precision time reference which based on the technology of atomic clock, usually affects the national security and the development level in the related high-tech field. High-precision atomic clock technology requires corresponding measurement techniques of high accuracy frequency stability. Therefore, developed with independent intellectual property rights of a new generation of frequency stability test equipment to meet the needs of the development of China's atomic clock has important practical significance. To meet the strategy needs of this, this paper base on the existing technology, improve the existing system, combined with the development of software technology and electronic technology, achieve high accuracy automatic measurements of frequency stability.
This thesis discusses the system software design and implementation of the frequency stability tester. This article first discusses the principles of the system, structure and functions, then the frequency stability characteristics of the mathematical characterization of systems derived from the signal processing model.The software requirements analysis, using UML (Unified Modeling Language), focus on the software system framework, automated testing procedures and data processing and algorithms. Finally system implementation, results and future work prospects are given.
The system software can be generally divided into the underlying control program and application software program. The underlying control program is used to control the counter, collect data, measure the counts of frequency source signal within sampling time, calculate the value of its stability and display. Because the application software program run in computer with a strong computing power and processing speed, so it can be used to obtain the underlying data,then save, process, analysis, output, and automatically control test process. Two software programs via the serial communication interface for data transmission, in this way constitutes a frequency stability automatic test system.
This thesis focuses on the underlying control program which coding with the SCM (single chip microcontroller) assembly language.It includes the programs of counter control procedures, DDS control procedures, data collection and calculation procedures, digital LED display program, the communication interface protocols, communication procedures and so on. After testing and improvements, the tester achieved the desired functional requirements, the software is stable, test results are reliable and credible.
本文系统论述了频率稳定度测试仪软件的设计和实现。本文首先讨论系统的原理、结构和功能,然后根据频率稳定度特性的数学表征推导出系统的信号处理模型。基于软件的需求分析,运用UML(统建模语言)方法,重点分析了软件系统的框架结构、自动测试流程和数据处理及其算法。最后给出系统实现、结果分析和对下一步工作的展望。
本系统软件在结构上可总体分为底层控制程序和应用软件程序两部分。底层控制程序用于控制和测量频率源信号在取样时间内的计数值,采集数据,计算其稳定度值并显示。应用软件程序具有较强的运算能力和处理速度,因此可将底层控制程序获得的数据保存、处理、分析、输出,以及对测试系统的自动流程控制等。两部分软件程序通过串行通信接口实现数据传递,用这样的方式构成了频率稳定度的自动测试系统。
本文重点介绍了由单片机汇编语言编写的底层控制程序,它包括计数器控制端程序、DDS控制程序、数据采集及计算程序、数码管显示程序,以及通讯接口协议及程序的编写等。经过测试与改进,本测试仪实现了预期的功能需求,软件工作稳定,测试结果可靠、可信。
Frequency stability is one of the main technical specifications for the measurement time reference, which reflects the standard frequency's own stability and the degree of its sensitivity with various external interference factors. High precision time reference which based on the technology of atomic clock, usually affects the national security and the development level in the related high-tech field. High-precision atomic clock technology requires corresponding measurement techniques of high accuracy frequency stability. Therefore, developed with independent intellectual property rights of a new generation of frequency stability test equipment to meet the needs of the development of China's atomic clock has important practical significance. To meet the strategy needs of this, this paper base on the existing technology, improve the existing system, combined with the development of software technology and electronic technology, achieve high accuracy automatic measurements of frequency stability.
This thesis discusses the system software design and implementation of the frequency stability tester. This article first discusses the principles of the system, structure and functions, then the frequency stability characteristics of the mathematical characterization of systems derived from the signal processing model.The software requirements analysis, using UML (Unified Modeling Language), focus on the software system framework, automated testing procedures and data processing and algorithms. Finally system implementation, results and future work prospects are given.
The system software can be generally divided into the underlying control program and application software program. The underlying control program is used to control the counter, collect data, measure the counts of frequency source signal within sampling time, calculate the value of its stability and display. Because the application software program run in computer with a strong computing power and processing speed, so it can be used to obtain the underlying data,then save, process, analysis, output, and automatically control test process. Two software programs via the serial communication interface for data transmission, in this way constitutes a frequency stability automatic test system.
This thesis focuses on the underlying control program which coding with the SCM (single chip microcontroller) assembly language.It includes the programs of counter control procedures, DDS control procedures, data collection and calculation procedures, digital LED display program, the communication interface protocols, communication procedures and so on. After testing and improvements, the tester achieved the desired functional requirements, the software is stable, test results are reliable and credible.
引文
[1]翟造成,张为群,蔡勇等原子钟基本原理与时频测量技术上海科学技术文献出版社2009 pp2、4、115
[2]黄秉英 新一代原子钟武汉大学出版社2006 pp23
[3]翟造成 我国氢钟研制现状与用于卫星导航的可行性宇航计测技术23(5)2003ppl-9
[4]Lindon L.Lewis. An introduction to frequency standards.Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol.7,NO.7.1991 pp928-934
[5]F.L.Walls and David W.Allan. Measurements of Frequency Stability.Proceedings of the IEEE, VOL.74,NO.1.1986 pp162-168
[6]中国计量科学研究院JJG 1004-2005氢原子频率标准检定规程北京国家质量监督检验检疫总局2005年
[7]邹修国,陆明洲基于UML的单片机温度测控系统设计计算机测量与控制15(12)2007 pp1702-1704
[8]薛炯隽,周玲玲,唐卫国使用UML的嵌入式软件系统需求描述项目管理技术第S1期2009年pp467-471
[9]干少锋 面向对象技术UML教程清华大学出版社2004 pp16,21
[10]于海雯UML嵌入式系统设计计 电脑知识与技术Vol.5(No.34).2009/12,pp97,42-9743
[11]袁玉宇 软件测试与质量保证 北京邮电大学出版社2008 pp9,59,88
[12]TIA STANDARD, ANSI/TIA-232-F-1997, "Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange", TIA-232-F, (Revision of TIA/EIA-232-E),Approved:September 30,1997, Reaffirmed:October 11,2002
[13]李华 MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术北京航空航天大学出版社1993 pp561-566
[14]马丛笑 利用8251扩展单片机通信接口电路的方法与编程哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报16(6)2000 pp31-35
[15]何立民 MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计系统配置与接口技术北京航空航天大学出版社1995 pp28-30
[16]胡玉祥整数开平方汇编语言程序微型机与应用1990(9)1990 pp8-9
[17]陶舒DDS频率合成在FLEX无线寻呼编码中的应用电子技术1998(7) 1998pp13-14。
[18]韩万江姜立新软件项目管理案例教程机械工业出版社2005
[19]周航慈单片机应用程序设计技术北京航空航天大学出版社2002
[20]刘守义,杨宏丽,王静霞单片机应用技术西安电子科技大学出版社2002
[21]马江涛单片机温度控制系统的设计及实现计算机测量与控制12(12)2004pp1219-1221
[22]Joseph Schmuller李虎,赵龙刚,译UML基础、案例与应用人民邮电出版社2004
[23]高焕堂UML嵌入式设计清华大学出版社2008
[2]黄秉英 新一代原子钟武汉大学出版社2006 pp23
[3]翟造成 我国氢钟研制现状与用于卫星导航的可行性宇航计测技术23(5)2003ppl-9
[4]Lindon L.Lewis. An introduction to frequency standards.Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol.7,NO.7.1991 pp928-934
[5]F.L.Walls and David W.Allan. Measurements of Frequency Stability.Proceedings of the IEEE, VOL.74,NO.1.1986 pp162-168
[6]中国计量科学研究院JJG 1004-2005氢原子频率标准检定规程北京国家质量监督检验检疫总局2005年
[7]邹修国,陆明洲基于UML的单片机温度测控系统设计计算机测量与控制15(12)2007 pp1702-1704
[8]薛炯隽,周玲玲,唐卫国使用UML的嵌入式软件系统需求描述项目管理技术第S1期2009年pp467-471
[9]干少锋 面向对象技术UML教程清华大学出版社2004 pp16,21
[10]于海雯UML嵌入式系统设计计 电脑知识与技术Vol.5(No.34).2009/12,pp97,42-9743
[11]袁玉宇 软件测试与质量保证 北京邮电大学出版社2008 pp9,59,88
[12]TIA STANDARD, ANSI/TIA-232-F-1997, "Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange", TIA-232-F, (Revision of TIA/EIA-232-E),Approved:September 30,1997, Reaffirmed:October 11,2002
[13]李华 MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术北京航空航天大学出版社1993 pp561-566
[14]马丛笑 利用8251扩展单片机通信接口电路的方法与编程哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报16(6)2000 pp31-35
[15]何立民 MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计系统配置与接口技术北京航空航天大学出版社1995 pp28-30
[16]胡玉祥整数开平方汇编语言程序微型机与应用1990(9)1990 pp8-9
[17]陶舒DDS频率合成在FLEX无线寻呼编码中的应用电子技术1998(7) 1998pp13-14。
[18]韩万江姜立新软件项目管理案例教程机械工业出版社2005
[19]周航慈单片机应用程序设计技术北京航空航天大学出版社2002
[20]刘守义,杨宏丽,王静霞单片机应用技术西安电子科技大学出版社2002
[21]马江涛单片机温度控制系统的设计及实现计算机测量与控制12(12)2004pp1219-1221
[22]Joseph Schmuller李虎,赵龙刚,译UML基础、案例与应用人民邮电出版社2004
[23]高焕堂UML嵌入式设计清华大学出版社2008