H_2O_2氧化法冷制快干淀粉粘合剂的研究
摘要
我国自20世纪80年代中期开始推广淀粉粘合剂以代替NaSiO3作为瓦楞纸箱的粘合剂，氧化法是生产淀粉粘合剂的主要方法，常用的氧化剂有H2O2、NaClO和KMnO4 等。由于过氧化氢和其他两种氧化剂比较，环境污染少，制备的粘合剂颜色好，流动性好，经常采用。按制备温度淀粉粘合剂可以分为热制法和冷制法，热制法能量消耗大；冷制法在常温下进行，能量消耗小，但需要时间较长，一般需要16-24小时，而且制品的干燥时间很长，因此研究室温条件下，利用过氧化氢作为氧化剂短周期制备快干淀粉粘合剂具有重要的意义。
本论文的实验工作主要集中在以下几个方面：
⒈ 通过正交实验法初步确定了过氧化氢淀粉粘合剂的原料配比和工艺条件，以及确定了淀粉粘合剂的性能的重要的影响因素。了解到影响淀粉粘合剂粘合强度的因素的主次顺序为：氧化剂（H2O2）的用量、催化剂（FeSO4）的用量、水的用量、糊化剂（NaOH）的用量，氧化时间、交联剂（硼砂）的用量，而糊化时间对粘合强度的影响不大，而且我们发现以FeSO4为催化剂，全程只需要2小时左右，它大大的缩短冷制法制备淀粉粘合剂的生产周期。
⒉ 通过对影响淀粉粘合剂性能的主要因素的实验分析，我们绘制了淀粉粘合剂的粘度、粘合强度、初粘力以及稳定性随H2O2、FeSO4、NaOH以及硼砂的用量变化的关系曲线，使我们对H2O2、FeSO4、NaOH以及硼砂到对粘度、粘合强度、初粘力以及稳定性的具体影响有了清晰的认识；而且得到了他们符合普通淀粉粘合剂标准的用量范围。我们根据分析得到的原料用量范围对正交实验得到的淀粉粘合剂的原料配比进行改进，改进后的淀粉粘合剂不但符合普通淀粉粘合剂的要求，而且强度与普通的淀粉粘合剂相比有很大的提高，。
⒊ 通过对淀粉粘合剂的进行添加不同质量的轻质碳酸钙和聚乙烯醇的催干改性的研究，我们发现选用轻质碳酸钙改性的淀粉粘合剂性能稳定，所生产的瓦楞纸板质量提高。所以我们研制的淀粉粘合剂具有工艺简单，粘合性能好，干燥速度快，生产周期短而且外观良好的特点。
In 1980 starch adhesive were developed to replace NaSiO3 as adhesive used in corrugated fiberboard. Oxidation method is the mail method to produce starch adhesive. The commonly used oxidants are H2O2、Nacho and KMnO4. Compared with the other two kinds of oxidants, H2O2 causes less environmental pollution. The adhesive made in this way has good color and good mobility and is often used. Two methods to make starch adhesive are hot-method and cool-method. The hot-method has a lot energy consumption while cool-method has low energy consumption but takes longer time normally 16~24 hours. And it takes along time for the adhesive to become dry. As result, it is very important to make research on how to make quick-drying starch adhesive by use of H2O2 as oxidant in room temperature.
The experiment work of this paper centers on the following aspects.
First , the ratio of materials and technique of making H2O2 starch adhesive and the factors affecting the function of the starch adhesive are
determined by orthogonal layout. The factors affecting the strength of the starch adhesive are as follow: the amount of the oxidant(H2O2) ,the catalyst(FeSO4)、the water、the pasting agent and the oxidizing time、the amount of cross linking agent (borax).The pasting time doesn’t much effect on the adhesion strength .In addition we have found that if FeSO4 is used as catalyst, it takes only about two hours shorting the period of making starch adhesive by cool-method.
Second, through analysis of main factors affecting starch adhesive function, we draw a related curve between the starch adhesive viscosity、adhesion strength、initial viscosity and stability and the amount of H2O2 、FeSO4、NaOH and Borax，which makes us well aware that H2O2 、FeSO4、NaOH and Borax affect the viscosity、adhesion strength、initial viscosity and stability. In addition we know the amount scope of the adhesive accords with that of the ordinary adhesive. We make improvement on the ratio of the raw material and the improved starch adhesive not only lives up to the standard, but also has better adhesion strength.
Three, I added different quantity of calcium carbonate of the light quantity and polyvinyl alcohal as additives to improve properties. The result of exper-
iment shows that the starch adhesive modified with calcium carbonate of the light quantity are stable, and that the quality of paperboard produced of the starch adhesive modified adhesive is improved. This process was simple and easy to control. The new adhesive had good adhesion strength 、 good appearance and shorting the period of making starch adhesive. It could be dried quickly.
本论文的实验工作主要集中在以下几个方面：
⒈ 通过正交实验法初步确定了过氧化氢淀粉粘合剂的原料配比和工艺条件，以及确定了淀粉粘合剂的性能的重要的影响因素。了解到影响淀粉粘合剂粘合强度的因素的主次顺序为：氧化剂（H2O2）的用量、催化剂（FeSO4）的用量、水的用量、糊化剂（NaOH）的用量，氧化时间、交联剂（硼砂）的用量，而糊化时间对粘合强度的影响不大，而且我们发现以FeSO4为催化剂，全程只需要2小时左右，它大大的缩短冷制法制备淀粉粘合剂的生产周期。
⒉ 通过对影响淀粉粘合剂性能的主要因素的实验分析，我们绘制了淀粉粘合剂的粘度、粘合强度、初粘力以及稳定性随H2O2、FeSO4、NaOH以及硼砂的用量变化的关系曲线，使我们对H2O2、FeSO4、NaOH以及硼砂到对粘度、粘合强度、初粘力以及稳定性的具体影响有了清晰的认识；而且得到了他们符合普通淀粉粘合剂标准的用量范围。我们根据分析得到的原料用量范围对正交实验得到的淀粉粘合剂的原料配比进行改进，改进后的淀粉粘合剂不但符合普通淀粉粘合剂的要求，而且强度与普通的淀粉粘合剂相比有很大的提高，。
⒊ 通过对淀粉粘合剂的进行添加不同质量的轻质碳酸钙和聚乙烯醇的催干改性的研究，我们发现选用轻质碳酸钙改性的淀粉粘合剂性能稳定，所生产的瓦楞纸板质量提高。所以我们研制的淀粉粘合剂具有工艺简单，粘合性能好，干燥速度快，生产周期短而且外观良好的特点。
In 1980 starch adhesive were developed to replace NaSiO3 as adhesive used in corrugated fiberboard. Oxidation method is the mail method to produce starch adhesive. The commonly used oxidants are H2O2、Nacho and KMnO4. Compared with the other two kinds of oxidants, H2O2 causes less environmental pollution. The adhesive made in this way has good color and good mobility and is often used. Two methods to make starch adhesive are hot-method and cool-method. The hot-method has a lot energy consumption while cool-method has low energy consumption but takes longer time normally 16~24 hours. And it takes along time for the adhesive to become dry. As result, it is very important to make research on how to make quick-drying starch adhesive by use of H2O2 as oxidant in room temperature.
The experiment work of this paper centers on the following aspects.
First , the ratio of materials and technique of making H2O2 starch adhesive and the factors affecting the function of the starch adhesive are
determined by orthogonal layout. The factors affecting the strength of the starch adhesive are as follow: the amount of the oxidant(H2O2) ,the catalyst(FeSO4)、the water、the pasting agent and the oxidizing time、the amount of cross linking agent (borax).The pasting time doesn’t much effect on the adhesion strength .In addition we have found that if FeSO4 is used as catalyst, it takes only about two hours shorting the period of making starch adhesive by cool-method.
Second, through analysis of main factors affecting starch adhesive function, we draw a related curve between the starch adhesive viscosity、adhesion strength、initial viscosity and stability and the amount of H2O2 、FeSO4、NaOH and Borax，which makes us well aware that H2O2 、FeSO4、NaOH and Borax affect the viscosity、adhesion strength、initial viscosity and stability. In addition we know the amount scope of the adhesive accords with that of the ordinary adhesive. We make improvement on the ratio of the raw material and the improved starch adhesive not only lives up to the standard, but also has better adhesion strength.
Three, I added different quantity of calcium carbonate of the light quantity and polyvinyl alcohal as additives to improve properties. The result of exper-
iment shows that the starch adhesive modified with calcium carbonate of the light quantity are stable, and that the quality of paperboard produced of the starch adhesive modified adhesive is improved. This process was simple and easy to control. The new adhesive had good adhesion strength 、 good appearance and shorting the period of making starch adhesive. It could be dried quickly.
引文
[1] 任树梅.淀粉粘合剂改性途径的探讨.化学与粘合，1999,(4):200
[2] 柏柳青，DOUP型多元快干型瓦楞纸箱专用粘合剂，粘接，1991,12(5):27
[3] 赵伟良.中国胶粘剂，1996,(2):23
[4] 查正根等.高速卷烟机用淀粉胶的制备及性能研究.粘接,1996,17(4):34
[2] 柏柳青，DOUP型多元快干型瓦楞纸箱专用粘合剂，粘接，1991,12(5):27
[3] 赵伟良.中国胶粘剂，1996,(2):23
[4] 查正根等.高速卷烟机用淀粉胶的制备及性能研究.粘接,1996,17(4):34