相控阵脉冲压缩雷达抗干扰性能分析
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摘要
随着我国信息化技术手段的迅猛发展及其在军事领域的广泛应用,雷达系统在现代战争中越来越展现出其举足轻重的作用和地位,而“干扰”和“抗干扰”亦成为现代信息化战争的永恒主题。面对日趋严峻的战场电磁干扰形势,本文以预警雷达、脉冲压缩雷达为应用背景,研究相控阵脉冲压缩雷达的抗干扰性能,介绍雷达抗干扰评估准则,分析脉冲压缩技术在抗噪声干扰的性能,并进一步分析了自适应干扰置零技术及阵列天线优化抗干扰方法的性能。
本文主要内容包括:
首先,介绍脉压相控阵雷达、宽带雷达、干扰与抗干扰技术等的背景和应用;
其次,对雷达的抗干扰技术进行研究,介绍了几种抗干扰评估方法,并对组合抗干扰方法进行了探讨,尝试将阵列天线抗干扰方法和脉冲压缩抗干扰方法相结合,暨以提高雷达系统抗干扰性能;
第三,分析了脉冲压缩技术,主要介绍常用的脉压相控阵雷达的系统结构,线性调频信号(LFM)的特点及分布特性分析,探讨了一种LFM信号时间-调频斜率分布交叉抑制方法,并对脉冲压缩的抗干扰性能进行了分析和讨论;
第四,在干扰源方向已知的情况下,分析了自适应干扰置零技术抗干扰性能;对于干扰源未知的情况下,分析了基于天线阵列的方向图优化抗干扰方法,通过仿真测试,表明此方法能有效地降低旁瓣,抑制杂波,达到抗干扰的目的;
最后,对全文进行总结,给出本文的研究成果,并指出本领域今后可以进一步完善和深入研究的方向以及对将来工作的展望。
本文的研究成果对开展雷达抗干扰技术的研究具有一定的意义。
Along with the rapid development of information technology and its wide application in the military area, modern communication system, especially the radar system plays more and more important role in modern warfare. Electronic countermeasures (ECM) and electromagnetic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) has become the eternal subject of modern information war. Since the battlefield is becoming more severe situation, this paper taked the warning radar and PD radar as background, researched the anti-jamming performance of the phased array radar, analyzed the ECCM assessment criteria, then according to the characteristics of the antenna array orientation image, analyzed digital beamforming method, and proposed a method of ECCM based on antenna beam optimization.
The main content is:
First of all, the pulse pressure phased array radar, broadband radar, the background and application of ECM and ECCM technology were introduced;
Secondly, Radar ECCM technology was introduced, and several ECCM evaluation methods are analyzed. The combination ECCM method was discussed. This paper unifies ECCM antenna array method and pulse compression method to improve the performance of radar ECCM system.
Thirdly, the pulse compression technology is analyzed. Mainly aimed at the commonly used for pulse pressure phased array radar system structure, chirp signal (LFM) features and estimation methods were introduced. And a kind of time-FM slope distribution LFM signal cross suppression method is proposed.
Fourthly, in the condition that interference sources are known, the performance of digital adaptive interference nulling is analyzed. In the condition that interference sources are unknown, ECCM method is proposed based on radiation pattern, through simulation test, the result indicated that the method can effectively reduce the sidelobe and inhibit clutter to achieve the purpose of reduce interference signal.
Lastly, the full paper is concluded, the result of this paper was gived and analyzed, and the future of this field which can be impoved and the further research directions are pointed out.
The result of this paper has certain significance in the technology of radar anti-interference.
本文主要内容包括:
首先,介绍脉压相控阵雷达、宽带雷达、干扰与抗干扰技术等的背景和应用;
其次,对雷达的抗干扰技术进行研究,介绍了几种抗干扰评估方法,并对组合抗干扰方法进行了探讨,尝试将阵列天线抗干扰方法和脉冲压缩抗干扰方法相结合,暨以提高雷达系统抗干扰性能;
第三,分析了脉冲压缩技术,主要介绍常用的脉压相控阵雷达的系统结构,线性调频信号(LFM)的特点及分布特性分析,探讨了一种LFM信号时间-调频斜率分布交叉抑制方法,并对脉冲压缩的抗干扰性能进行了分析和讨论;
第四,在干扰源方向已知的情况下,分析了自适应干扰置零技术抗干扰性能;对于干扰源未知的情况下,分析了基于天线阵列的方向图优化抗干扰方法,通过仿真测试,表明此方法能有效地降低旁瓣,抑制杂波,达到抗干扰的目的;
最后,对全文进行总结,给出本文的研究成果,并指出本领域今后可以进一步完善和深入研究的方向以及对将来工作的展望。
本文的研究成果对开展雷达抗干扰技术的研究具有一定的意义。
Along with the rapid development of information technology and its wide application in the military area, modern communication system, especially the radar system plays more and more important role in modern warfare. Electronic countermeasures (ECM) and electromagnetic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) has become the eternal subject of modern information war. Since the battlefield is becoming more severe situation, this paper taked the warning radar and PD radar as background, researched the anti-jamming performance of the phased array radar, analyzed the ECCM assessment criteria, then according to the characteristics of the antenna array orientation image, analyzed digital beamforming method, and proposed a method of ECCM based on antenna beam optimization.
The main content is:
First of all, the pulse pressure phased array radar, broadband radar, the background and application of ECM and ECCM technology were introduced;
Secondly, Radar ECCM technology was introduced, and several ECCM evaluation methods are analyzed. The combination ECCM method was discussed. This paper unifies ECCM antenna array method and pulse compression method to improve the performance of radar ECCM system.
Thirdly, the pulse compression technology is analyzed. Mainly aimed at the commonly used for pulse pressure phased array radar system structure, chirp signal (LFM) features and estimation methods were introduced. And a kind of time-FM slope distribution LFM signal cross suppression method is proposed.
Fourthly, in the condition that interference sources are known, the performance of digital adaptive interference nulling is analyzed. In the condition that interference sources are unknown, ECCM method is proposed based on radiation pattern, through simulation test, the result indicated that the method can effectively reduce the sidelobe and inhibit clutter to achieve the purpose of reduce interference signal.
Lastly, the full paper is concluded, the result of this paper was gived and analyzed, and the future of this field which can be impoved and the further research directions are pointed out.
The result of this paper has certain significance in the technology of radar anti-interference.
引文
[1] Merrill I. Skolnik:“雷达手册”,第二版电子工业出版社,2003年7月
[2]高娜.雷达抗干扰技术研究,硕士学位论文,2008
[3]刘永坦:“无线电制导技术”第一版国防科技大学出版社,1989年5月
[4]梁泰基:“统计无线电理论”第二版国防科技大学出版社,1995年8月
[5]丁鹭飞:“雷达原理”,第四版电子工业出版社,2009年3月
[6] Maiiloux.R.J:“相控阵天线手册”,第二版,电子工业出版社,2007年1月
[7]曹建蜀:“机载相控阵雷达STAP算法研究”,博士学位论文,2007年
[8]刘华林,王宗全.相控阵雷达发展综述.0八一科技,2010.4,pp:1-7
[9]张子良,郑国光,刘一峰.相控阵天气雷达脉压距离旁瓣抑制研究,现代雷达,2008.5
[10]桑多鹏,线性调频信号脉压算法研究与仿真,现代电子技术,2011年10月
[11]李黎,宽带相控阵天线综合,硕士学位论文,2006年
[12]王小漠,张光义:“雷达与探测一现代战争的火眼金睛”国防工业出版社,2008年
[13]田益明,浅析雷达抗干扰技术,2006年雷达“四抗新技术”暨情报研究工作研讨会,2006
[14]强勇,超视距雷达抗干扰与目标检测方法,博士学位论文,2004年
[15]周宏仁,敬忠良,王培德.:“机动目标跟踪”第一版.国防工业出版社,1991年
[16]清华自动化系:“自动化系智能信息处理和智能控制”第一版浙江科学技术出版社,1988年
[17]车俐,蒋留兵,脉冲压缩在雷达中的应用及抗干扰性能研究,甘肃科技,2009年第9期
[18]肖文超,抗干扰天线阵列技术研究,硕士学位论文,2011年
[19]李波涛,李明,吴顺君,雷达抗干扰效能评估方法探讨,现代雷达,2006年第11期
[20]蒋勇,黄双华,常规雷达抗干扰效能评估发展现状,第九届全国雷达学术年会论文集,2004年第9期
[21]潘超,雷达抗干扰效能评估准则和方向研究,硕士学位论文,2006年
[22]朱华邦,杜娟,雷达抗干扰技术的新特点及发展方向,飞航导弹,2004年第5期
[23]张明友,吕明:“信号检测与估计”,[c],第二版,电子工业出版社, 2005
[24]向敬成,张明友:“雷达系统”, [c]电子工业出版社,2001年5月;
[25]皮亦鸣,杨建宇,付艈生,杨晓波:“合成孔径雷达成像原理”, [c],电子科技大学出版社,2007年;
[26]李素芝,万建伟:“时域离散信号处理”第一版,国防科技大学出版社,1994年4月
[27]刘福生:“统计信号处理”国防科技大学出版社,1999年
[28]黄培康:“雷达目标特征信号”国防工业出版社,1993年
[29]李洁群;王建国;合成孔径雷达的干扰参数分析[J];实验科学与技术;2006年02期
[30]刘昊辰,梁红,线性调频信号参数估计和仿真研究,Computer Simulation 2011年第二期
[31]华旭东,线性调频信号参数快速估计方法,硕士学位论文,2007年
[32]龚耀寰,自适应滤波,电子工业出版社,2003,
[33]殷友廷,阵列天线方向图的遗传算法综合及零限研究,硕士学位论文,2008
[34]许涤华,陈建文,一种改进的米波圆阵雷达抗干扰方法,空军雷达学院学报,2007年01期
[35]周建江,阵列天线方向图综合算法及其优化研究,硕士学位论文,2010
[36] Kozick, R.J.; Kassam, S.A.;“Coarray synthesis with circular and elliptical boundary arrays”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 1, Issue 3, July 1992 Page(s):391– 405;
[37]王凌燕,包子阳,陈壳松,圆形阵列天线优化稀布布阵方法研究,中国雷达,2008年02期
[38] Norton, S.J.“Synthetic aperture imaging with arrays of arbitrary shape. Part I. General case”, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control Volume 49, Issue 4, Apr 2002 Page(s):399– 403;
[39]包子阳,稀布共形阵列天线综合方法及波束形成技术的研究,硕士学位论文,2009年
[40] Trucco, A.; Murino, V.;“Stochastic optimization of linear sparse arrays”IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Volume 24, Issue 3, July 1999 Page(s):291– 299
[41] Trucco, A.;“Thinning and weighting of large planar arrays by simulated annealing”, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Volume 46, Issue 2, March 1999 Page(s):347– 355
[42] Ferreira, J.A.; Ares, F.;“Pattern synthesis of conformal arrays by the simulated annealing technique”, Electronics Letters, Volume 33, Issue 14, 3 July 1997 Page(s):1187– 1189
[43] Trucco, A.;“Synthesizing asymmetric beam patterns”, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Volume 25, Issue 3, July 2000 Page(s):347– 350
[44] Bevelacqua, P.J.; Balanis, C.A.;“Optimizing Antenna Array Geometry for Interference Suppression”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 55, Issue 3, Part 1, March 2007 Page(s):637– 641
[45] Petko, J.S.; Werner, D.H.;“The evolution of optimal linear polyfractal arrays using genetic algorithms”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,Volume 53, Issue 11, Nov. 2005 Page(s):3604– 3615
[46] Bray, M.G.; Werner, D.H.; Boeringer, D.W.; Machuga, D.W.;“Optimization of thinned aperiodic linear phased arrays using genetic algorithms to reduce grating lobes during scanning”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 50, Issue 12, Dec. 2002 Page(s):1732– 1742
[47] Allard, R.J.; Werner, D.H.; Werner, P.L.;“Radiation pattern synthesis for arrays of conformal antennas mounted on arbitrarily-shaped three-dimensional platforms using genetic algorithms”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 51, Issue 5, May 2003 Page(s):1054– 1062
[48] Kesong Chen; Xiaohua Yun; He, Z.; Han, C.;“Synthesis of Sparse Planar Arrays Using Modified Real Genetic Algorithm”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 55, Issue 4, April 2007 Page(s):1067– 1073
[2]高娜.雷达抗干扰技术研究,硕士学位论文,2008
[3]刘永坦:“无线电制导技术”第一版国防科技大学出版社,1989年5月
[4]梁泰基:“统计无线电理论”第二版国防科技大学出版社,1995年8月
[5]丁鹭飞:“雷达原理”,第四版电子工业出版社,2009年3月
[6] Maiiloux.R.J:“相控阵天线手册”,第二版,电子工业出版社,2007年1月
[7]曹建蜀:“机载相控阵雷达STAP算法研究”,博士学位论文,2007年
[8]刘华林,王宗全.相控阵雷达发展综述.0八一科技,2010.4,pp:1-7
[9]张子良,郑国光,刘一峰.相控阵天气雷达脉压距离旁瓣抑制研究,现代雷达,2008.5
[10]桑多鹏,线性调频信号脉压算法研究与仿真,现代电子技术,2011年10月
[11]李黎,宽带相控阵天线综合,硕士学位论文,2006年
[12]王小漠,张光义:“雷达与探测一现代战争的火眼金睛”国防工业出版社,2008年
[13]田益明,浅析雷达抗干扰技术,2006年雷达“四抗新技术”暨情报研究工作研讨会,2006
[14]强勇,超视距雷达抗干扰与目标检测方法,博士学位论文,2004年
[15]周宏仁,敬忠良,王培德.:“机动目标跟踪”第一版.国防工业出版社,1991年
[16]清华自动化系:“自动化系智能信息处理和智能控制”第一版浙江科学技术出版社,1988年
[17]车俐,蒋留兵,脉冲压缩在雷达中的应用及抗干扰性能研究,甘肃科技,2009年第9期
[18]肖文超,抗干扰天线阵列技术研究,硕士学位论文,2011年
[19]李波涛,李明,吴顺君,雷达抗干扰效能评估方法探讨,现代雷达,2006年第11期
[20]蒋勇,黄双华,常规雷达抗干扰效能评估发展现状,第九届全国雷达学术年会论文集,2004年第9期
[21]潘超,雷达抗干扰效能评估准则和方向研究,硕士学位论文,2006年
[22]朱华邦,杜娟,雷达抗干扰技术的新特点及发展方向,飞航导弹,2004年第5期
[23]张明友,吕明:“信号检测与估计”,[c],第二版,电子工业出版社, 2005
[24]向敬成,张明友:“雷达系统”, [c]电子工业出版社,2001年5月;
[25]皮亦鸣,杨建宇,付艈生,杨晓波:“合成孔径雷达成像原理”, [c],电子科技大学出版社,2007年;
[26]李素芝,万建伟:“时域离散信号处理”第一版,国防科技大学出版社,1994年4月
[27]刘福生:“统计信号处理”国防科技大学出版社,1999年
[28]黄培康:“雷达目标特征信号”国防工业出版社,1993年
[29]李洁群;王建国;合成孔径雷达的干扰参数分析[J];实验科学与技术;2006年02期
[30]刘昊辰,梁红,线性调频信号参数估计和仿真研究,Computer Simulation 2011年第二期
[31]华旭东,线性调频信号参数快速估计方法,硕士学位论文,2007年
[32]龚耀寰,自适应滤波,电子工业出版社,2003,
[33]殷友廷,阵列天线方向图的遗传算法综合及零限研究,硕士学位论文,2008
[34]许涤华,陈建文,一种改进的米波圆阵雷达抗干扰方法,空军雷达学院学报,2007年01期
[35]周建江,阵列天线方向图综合算法及其优化研究,硕士学位论文,2010
[36] Kozick, R.J.; Kassam, S.A.;“Coarray synthesis with circular and elliptical boundary arrays”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 1, Issue 3, July 1992 Page(s):391– 405;
[37]王凌燕,包子阳,陈壳松,圆形阵列天线优化稀布布阵方法研究,中国雷达,2008年02期
[38] Norton, S.J.“Synthetic aperture imaging with arrays of arbitrary shape. Part I. General case”, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control Volume 49, Issue 4, Apr 2002 Page(s):399– 403;
[39]包子阳,稀布共形阵列天线综合方法及波束形成技术的研究,硕士学位论文,2009年
[40] Trucco, A.; Murino, V.;“Stochastic optimization of linear sparse arrays”IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Volume 24, Issue 3, July 1999 Page(s):291– 299
[41] Trucco, A.;“Thinning and weighting of large planar arrays by simulated annealing”, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Volume 46, Issue 2, March 1999 Page(s):347– 355
[42] Ferreira, J.A.; Ares, F.;“Pattern synthesis of conformal arrays by the simulated annealing technique”, Electronics Letters, Volume 33, Issue 14, 3 July 1997 Page(s):1187– 1189
[43] Trucco, A.;“Synthesizing asymmetric beam patterns”, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Volume 25, Issue 3, July 2000 Page(s):347– 350
[44] Bevelacqua, P.J.; Balanis, C.A.;“Optimizing Antenna Array Geometry for Interference Suppression”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 55, Issue 3, Part 1, March 2007 Page(s):637– 641
[45] Petko, J.S.; Werner, D.H.;“The evolution of optimal linear polyfractal arrays using genetic algorithms”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,Volume 53, Issue 11, Nov. 2005 Page(s):3604– 3615
[46] Bray, M.G.; Werner, D.H.; Boeringer, D.W.; Machuga, D.W.;“Optimization of thinned aperiodic linear phased arrays using genetic algorithms to reduce grating lobes during scanning”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 50, Issue 12, Dec. 2002 Page(s):1732– 1742
[47] Allard, R.J.; Werner, D.H.; Werner, P.L.;“Radiation pattern synthesis for arrays of conformal antennas mounted on arbitrarily-shaped three-dimensional platforms using genetic algorithms”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 51, Issue 5, May 2003 Page(s):1054– 1062
[48] Kesong Chen; Xiaohua Yun; He, Z.; Han, C.;“Synthesis of Sparse Planar Arrays Using Modified Real Genetic Algorithm”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 55, Issue 4, April 2007 Page(s):1067– 1073