并联式HEV多能源动力总成控制系统的研究
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摘要
混合动力汽车采用不同能量转换装置作为动力源,在节能和减少排放方面具有传统汽车无法比拟的优势。多能源动力总成控制系统(Multi-powerControl Unite for Hybrid Electric Vehicle,HCU)是整个混合动力汽车的核心,它直接决定汽车的运行性能。
论文在详细分析混合动力电动汽车原理、主要总成部件的功能和参数,归纳出HCU输入输出信号的类型与范围等基础上,提出了HCU硬件设计方案和软件设计方案。HCU的硬件设计主要以实现控制器高性能、高可靠性为目标,采用模块化设计思想,将HCU的硬件分为微处理器模块、电源模块、输入信号调节模块、输出信号执行模块、PWM驱动模块和CAN通信模块。HCU软件设计是在保证按照驾驶员意图实现动力输出调节的前提下,以整车燃油经济性能和排放性能最佳为控制目标,设计了电力辅助控制策略。软件采用了模块化设计思想,主要分为整车工况确定子程序、转矩需求子程序、转矩分配子程序、数据查表子程序和状态确定子程序。
最后,详细分析了HCU的工作环境及可能的干扰源,并有针对地提出了抗干扰措施。在实验台架上对HCU系统做了三综合试验,保证控制系统能在比较恶劣的环境下正常工作,论证了HCU系统设计方案的可行性。
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), employing different energy convert devises, have incomparable advantages of traditional internal combustion vehicles in feul economy and emission. Multi-energy powertrain control system is the core of HEVs, whether which works normally can directly determine the proper function of the whole vehicles.
First the author analyzes function and the value of parameters of each powertrain of HEV in detail, and sums up all input or signals of HCU. On the base of analysis, author brings forward hardware design plan and software design. HCU hardware design adopts module design method is divided in CPU module, input signal conditioning module, the impletementation of output signal module, PWM drive module and CAN communication module, as the goal of high-performance and high reliability to the controller design. Best feul economy and emission is control aim of HCU software design, then the author decides to adopt Electric Assist Control Strategy. HCU software design adopts module design method and is mainly divided into subprogram to subprogram to determine the vehicle state, subprogram to computer torque requirement, subprogram to distribute torque, subprogram to implement data check operation, subprogram to determine engine and electromotor operation state.
In the last chapter, the author analyzes analyses HCU work environment and possible anti-jamming sources in detail and bring forward HCU anti-jamming measures. Then I do three comprehensive tests on the experimental bench to ensure that control system can work normally in poor environment.
论文在详细分析混合动力电动汽车原理、主要总成部件的功能和参数,归纳出HCU输入输出信号的类型与范围等基础上,提出了HCU硬件设计方案和软件设计方案。HCU的硬件设计主要以实现控制器高性能、高可靠性为目标,采用模块化设计思想,将HCU的硬件分为微处理器模块、电源模块、输入信号调节模块、输出信号执行模块、PWM驱动模块和CAN通信模块。HCU软件设计是在保证按照驾驶员意图实现动力输出调节的前提下,以整车燃油经济性能和排放性能最佳为控制目标,设计了电力辅助控制策略。软件采用了模块化设计思想,主要分为整车工况确定子程序、转矩需求子程序、转矩分配子程序、数据查表子程序和状态确定子程序。
最后,详细分析了HCU的工作环境及可能的干扰源,并有针对地提出了抗干扰措施。在实验台架上对HCU系统做了三综合试验,保证控制系统能在比较恶劣的环境下正常工作,论证了HCU系统设计方案的可行性。
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), employing different energy convert devises, have incomparable advantages of traditional internal combustion vehicles in feul economy and emission. Multi-energy powertrain control system is the core of HEVs, whether which works normally can directly determine the proper function of the whole vehicles.
First the author analyzes function and the value of parameters of each powertrain of HEV in detail, and sums up all input or signals of HCU. On the base of analysis, author brings forward hardware design plan and software design. HCU hardware design adopts module design method is divided in CPU module, input signal conditioning module, the impletementation of output signal module, PWM drive module and CAN communication module, as the goal of high-performance and high reliability to the controller design. Best feul economy and emission is control aim of HCU software design, then the author decides to adopt Electric Assist Control Strategy. HCU software design adopts module design method and is mainly divided into subprogram to subprogram to determine the vehicle state, subprogram to computer torque requirement, subprogram to distribute torque, subprogram to implement data check operation, subprogram to determine engine and electromotor operation state.
In the last chapter, the author analyzes analyses HCU work environment and possible anti-jamming sources in detail and bring forward HCU anti-jamming measures. Then I do three comprehensive tests on the experimental bench to ensure that control system can work normally in poor environment.
引文
[1]陈清泉,孙逢春,祝嘉光编著,现代电动汽车技术[M],北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002.
[2]舒红,秦大同,胡军,混合动力汽车控制策略研究现状及发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报:2001,11:28-31.
[3]岳东鹏,郝志勇,张俊智.混合动力电动汽车研究发展及前景展望[J].拖拉机与农用运输车:2002,2(4):89-91.
[4]蔡世芳.汽车混合动力技术概论[R].清华汽车研究院工作报告:2003.
[5]陈清泉,孙逢春.混合电动车辆基础[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002.
[6]王书贤.电动汽车的现状及发展趋势[J].中国汽车制造:2006,2(9):38-40.
[7]陈全世.电动汽车项目的研究现状和前景[C].中国电工技术学会电力电子学会第八届学术年会论文集:2006,9:36-38.
[8]电动车辆专委会.电动车发展综述[R].清华汽车研究院工作报告:2002:81-88.
[9]黄妙华.混合动力电动汽车多能源动力总成控制系统的研究与实现[D].华中科技大学:博士学位论文,2003,9:20-25.
[10]张威.混合动力城市客车正向建模仿真软件研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2005,4:28-32.
[11]张桂荣,肖玉军.混合动力电动汽车及其驱动模式[J].山东交通学院学报:2007,15(2):30-36.
[12]余志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007,4:56-58.
[13]李建如,孙芳.Prius混合动力系统分析[J].新能源汽车:2007,A(5):3-7.
[14]孟亚鹏.并联混合动力电动大客车多能源动力总成控制系统的研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文:2005,4:3-7.
[15]Markel T,Brooke A,Hendricks T,et al.ADVISOR:a systems analysis tool for advanced vehicle modeling[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110(2):255-266.
[16]V.H.Johnson.Battery performance models in ADVISOR[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110:321-329.
[17]Markel T,Brooke A,Hendricks T,et al.ADVISOR:a systems analysis tool for advanced vehicle modeling[C].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110(2): 255-266.
[18]Wipke K B,Cuddy M R.Burch S D.ADVISOR 2.1:a user-friendly advanced powertrain simulation using a combined backward/forward approach[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1751-1761.
[19]Butler K L,Ehsani M,Kamath Preyas.A Matlab-based modeling and simulation package for electric and hybrid electric vehicle design[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1770-1778.
[20]V.H.Johnson,M.D.Zolot,A.A.Pesaran.Development and Validation of a Temperature-dependent Resistance/Capacitance Battery Model for ADVISOR.EVS18[C].Berlin German:Electric Vehicle Association of the Americas,2001.
[21]Wipke K B,Cuddy M R.Burch S D.ADVISOR 2.1:a user-friendly advanced powertrain simulation using a combined backward/forward approach[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1751-1761.
[22]刘明辉.混合动力客车整车控制策略及总成控制参数匹配研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文:2005,6:18-21.
[23]高爱云,付主木.并联式混合动力汽车动力总成参数设计[J].机械传动:2007,31(5):76-78.
[24]Mark George Kosowski,Prekash H.Desal.A parallel hybrid traction system for General Motors Corporation's"Precept" PNGV vehicle[S].SAE2000-01-1534,2000.
[25]Bradley Glenn,Gregory Washington,Giorgion Rizzoni.Operation and contronl strategies for hybrid electric automobiles[S].SAE2000-01-1537,2000.
[26]张兴华,徐淑琴.混合动力车辆用电机特性研究[J].农业装备与车辆工程:2008,199(2):29-32.
[27]Pragasen P.Ram K.Modeling,Simulation,and Analysis of Permanent-magnet Motor Drivers Part,the Brushless dc Motor Drive[C].IEEE Trans.1989.
[28]杜怿.基于混合动力电动汽车的永磁同步电动机控制系统的研究[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文:2007,3:32-36.
[29]Kangyoon Lee,Myoungbo Sunwoo,Soonwoo Kwon,et al.Controller Platform for a Fuel Cell Power Plant for Vehicles[J].EVS19,2002.1963-1969.
[30]V.H.Johnson,A.A.Pesaran.Temperture-Dependent Battery Models for Nihe-Power Lithium-ion batteries[J].EVS17.Montreal Canada:Electric Vehicle Association of the Americas,2000.
[31]Powell B K,Bailey K E,Cikanek S R.Dynamic modeling and control of hybrid electric vehicle powertrain systems[C].IEEE Control Sytems Magazine,1998,18(5):17-33.
[32]李孟良,朱西产.典型城市车辆行驶工况构成的研究[J].汽车工程:2005,27(5):557-560.
[33]冯莉.并联式混合动力电动汽车系统的动力匹配与仿真研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文:2003,3:17-22.
[34]张汝辉.并联式混合动力电动客车系统设计与分析[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文:2007,3:11-12.
[35]V.H.Johnson.Battery performance models in ADVISOR[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110:321-329.
[36]Z.Rahman,K.L.Butler,M.Ehsani.Effect of extended-speed,constant-power operation of electric drives on the design and performance of EV-HEV propulsion system[S].SAE2000-01-1557,2000.
[37]张翔,赵韩,钱立军等.电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR的应用[J].交通科技与经济:2004,23(3):40-43.
[38]Butler K L,Ehsani M,Kamath Preyas.A Matlab-based modeling and simulation package for electric and hybrid electric vehicle design[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1770-1778.
[39]吴杰宏,黄河,张伟竞.多能源动力总成控制器硬件系统设计[J].传动技术:2007,21(3):18-21.
[40]韩同群,罗永革,余建强等.单轴并联式混合动力总成的设计[J].车用发动机:2007,167(1):52-55.
[41]张芳,张俊智,王丽芳等.电动汽车动力总成控制器局域网(CAN)总线通信协议[J].机械工程学报:2008,44(5):102-106.
[42]陈鹏.多能源动力总成控制系统的研究与设计[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2004,5:32-37.
[43]杨宏亮,陈全世,混联式混合动力控制策略研究综述[J],公路交通科技:2002,2:103-107.
[44]吕胜利,左曙光.并联混合动力汽车控制策略的综合分析[J].上海汽车:2005,2(7):26-30.
[45]浦金欢.混合动力电动汽车能量优化管理与控制策略研究[D].上海交通大 学博士学位论文:2004,6:42-46.
[46]Reza Langari,Jong-Seob Won.A Driving Situation-Based Energy Management Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Vehicles[S].SAE2003-01-2311.
[47]Bradley Glenn,Gregory Washington,Giorgio Rizzoni.Operation and Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Automobiles[S].SAE2000-01-1537.
[48]孙平.混合动力公交中巴动力源的建模和控制策略研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2005,3:50-61.
[49]段岩波,张武高,黄震.混合动力汽车模糊逻辑控制策略仿真[J].内燃机工程,2003,24(2):32-34.
[50]疏松桂.控制系统可靠性分析与综合[M].北京:科学出版社,1992,12:76-88.
[51]唐月英,樊鑫瑞.仪表可靠性基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992,5:120-128.
[52]周志敏,纪爱华.电磁兼容技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007,9:135-148.
[2]舒红,秦大同,胡军,混合动力汽车控制策略研究现状及发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报:2001,11:28-31.
[3]岳东鹏,郝志勇,张俊智.混合动力电动汽车研究发展及前景展望[J].拖拉机与农用运输车:2002,2(4):89-91.
[4]蔡世芳.汽车混合动力技术概论[R].清华汽车研究院工作报告:2003.
[5]陈清泉,孙逢春.混合电动车辆基础[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002.
[6]王书贤.电动汽车的现状及发展趋势[J].中国汽车制造:2006,2(9):38-40.
[7]陈全世.电动汽车项目的研究现状和前景[C].中国电工技术学会电力电子学会第八届学术年会论文集:2006,9:36-38.
[8]电动车辆专委会.电动车发展综述[R].清华汽车研究院工作报告:2002:81-88.
[9]黄妙华.混合动力电动汽车多能源动力总成控制系统的研究与实现[D].华中科技大学:博士学位论文,2003,9:20-25.
[10]张威.混合动力城市客车正向建模仿真软件研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2005,4:28-32.
[11]张桂荣,肖玉军.混合动力电动汽车及其驱动模式[J].山东交通学院学报:2007,15(2):30-36.
[12]余志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007,4:56-58.
[13]李建如,孙芳.Prius混合动力系统分析[J].新能源汽车:2007,A(5):3-7.
[14]孟亚鹏.并联混合动力电动大客车多能源动力总成控制系统的研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文:2005,4:3-7.
[15]Markel T,Brooke A,Hendricks T,et al.ADVISOR:a systems analysis tool for advanced vehicle modeling[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110(2):255-266.
[16]V.H.Johnson.Battery performance models in ADVISOR[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110:321-329.
[17]Markel T,Brooke A,Hendricks T,et al.ADVISOR:a systems analysis tool for advanced vehicle modeling[C].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110(2): 255-266.
[18]Wipke K B,Cuddy M R.Burch S D.ADVISOR 2.1:a user-friendly advanced powertrain simulation using a combined backward/forward approach[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1751-1761.
[19]Butler K L,Ehsani M,Kamath Preyas.A Matlab-based modeling and simulation package for electric and hybrid electric vehicle design[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1770-1778.
[20]V.H.Johnson,M.D.Zolot,A.A.Pesaran.Development and Validation of a Temperature-dependent Resistance/Capacitance Battery Model for ADVISOR.EVS18[C].Berlin German:Electric Vehicle Association of the Americas,2001.
[21]Wipke K B,Cuddy M R.Burch S D.ADVISOR 2.1:a user-friendly advanced powertrain simulation using a combined backward/forward approach[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1751-1761.
[22]刘明辉.混合动力客车整车控制策略及总成控制参数匹配研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文:2005,6:18-21.
[23]高爱云,付主木.并联式混合动力汽车动力总成参数设计[J].机械传动:2007,31(5):76-78.
[24]Mark George Kosowski,Prekash H.Desal.A parallel hybrid traction system for General Motors Corporation's"Precept" PNGV vehicle[S].SAE2000-01-1534,2000.
[25]Bradley Glenn,Gregory Washington,Giorgion Rizzoni.Operation and contronl strategies for hybrid electric automobiles[S].SAE2000-01-1537,2000.
[26]张兴华,徐淑琴.混合动力车辆用电机特性研究[J].农业装备与车辆工程:2008,199(2):29-32.
[27]Pragasen P.Ram K.Modeling,Simulation,and Analysis of Permanent-magnet Motor Drivers Part,the Brushless dc Motor Drive[C].IEEE Trans.1989.
[28]杜怿.基于混合动力电动汽车的永磁同步电动机控制系统的研究[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文:2007,3:32-36.
[29]Kangyoon Lee,Myoungbo Sunwoo,Soonwoo Kwon,et al.Controller Platform for a Fuel Cell Power Plant for Vehicles[J].EVS19,2002.1963-1969.
[30]V.H.Johnson,A.A.Pesaran.Temperture-Dependent Battery Models for Nihe-Power Lithium-ion batteries[J].EVS17.Montreal Canada:Electric Vehicle Association of the Americas,2000.
[31]Powell B K,Bailey K E,Cikanek S R.Dynamic modeling and control of hybrid electric vehicle powertrain systems[C].IEEE Control Sytems Magazine,1998,18(5):17-33.
[32]李孟良,朱西产.典型城市车辆行驶工况构成的研究[J].汽车工程:2005,27(5):557-560.
[33]冯莉.并联式混合动力电动汽车系统的动力匹配与仿真研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文:2003,3:17-22.
[34]张汝辉.并联式混合动力电动客车系统设计与分析[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文:2007,3:11-12.
[35]V.H.Johnson.Battery performance models in ADVISOR[J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,110:321-329.
[36]Z.Rahman,K.L.Butler,M.Ehsani.Effect of extended-speed,constant-power operation of electric drives on the design and performance of EV-HEV propulsion system[S].SAE2000-01-1557,2000.
[37]张翔,赵韩,钱立军等.电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR的应用[J].交通科技与经济:2004,23(3):40-43.
[38]Butler K L,Ehsani M,Kamath Preyas.A Matlab-based modeling and simulation package for electric and hybrid electric vehicle design[C].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1770-1778.
[39]吴杰宏,黄河,张伟竞.多能源动力总成控制器硬件系统设计[J].传动技术:2007,21(3):18-21.
[40]韩同群,罗永革,余建强等.单轴并联式混合动力总成的设计[J].车用发动机:2007,167(1):52-55.
[41]张芳,张俊智,王丽芳等.电动汽车动力总成控制器局域网(CAN)总线通信协议[J].机械工程学报:2008,44(5):102-106.
[42]陈鹏.多能源动力总成控制系统的研究与设计[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2004,5:32-37.
[43]杨宏亮,陈全世,混联式混合动力控制策略研究综述[J],公路交通科技:2002,2:103-107.
[44]吕胜利,左曙光.并联混合动力汽车控制策略的综合分析[J].上海汽车:2005,2(7):26-30.
[45]浦金欢.混合动力电动汽车能量优化管理与控制策略研究[D].上海交通大 学博士学位论文:2004,6:42-46.
[46]Reza Langari,Jong-Seob Won.A Driving Situation-Based Energy Management Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Vehicles[S].SAE2003-01-2311.
[47]Bradley Glenn,Gregory Washington,Giorgio Rizzoni.Operation and Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Automobiles[S].SAE2000-01-1537.
[48]孙平.混合动力公交中巴动力源的建模和控制策略研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文:2005,3:50-61.
[49]段岩波,张武高,黄震.混合动力汽车模糊逻辑控制策略仿真[J].内燃机工程,2003,24(2):32-34.
[50]疏松桂.控制系统可靠性分析与综合[M].北京:科学出版社,1992,12:76-88.
[51]唐月英,樊鑫瑞.仪表可靠性基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992,5:120-128.
[52]周志敏,纪爱华.电磁兼容技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007,9:135-148.