基于行驶工况的混合动力汽车参数匹配、控制策略研究及仿真平台搭建
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摘要
混合动力汽车被认为是当今汽车工业最具产业化意义的新能源汽车类型之一,对缓解世界能源危机和环境污染等问题有着重要的意义。近年来,国家出台了一系列的政策来支持新能源汽车产业的发展,这对我国新能源汽车的发展起了一个积极推动作用。
混合动力汽车参数匹配作为其关键技术之一,对整车性能起着决定性的作用。然而,长期以来混合动力汽车的参数匹配方法主要参照传统汽车的理论公式推导和基于混合度算法等方面,而对行驶工况对整车性能的影响没有足够的重视。行驶工况对汽车性能的影响很大,因此,研究基于行驶工况法对混合动力汽车的参数匹配的影响具有很好的理论和实践意义。
本文提出了一种基于行驶工况的混合动力汽车参数匹配方法,该方法首先对目前世界各国的汽车行驶工况进行统计分析,分别计算不同工况下车辆总功率的需求和总转矩的需求,分别对其进行统计,然后确定其整车的总功率、发动机功率、电机功率和电池的参数等。并以一种新型的混联式混合动力汽车为例,对其进行建模仿真,并以欧洲城市工况(CYC_ECE_EUDC)和高速公路工况(CYC_HWFET)为例,对基于行驶工况的混合动力汽车参数匹配法和基于混合度的参数匹配法进行了对比仿真。
在确定了整车参数之后,还建立了整车仿真模型。同时还着重分析了控制策略对整车性能的影响。针对研究对象,提出了电动优先的混合控制策略,并分析该种控制策略对整车燃油经济性和排放性的影响,并与基于发动机最优工作区间控制策略进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明,电动优先的混合控制策略要优于发动机最优工作区间控制策略。同时也制定了相应的制动控制策略,仿真结果表明,在CYC_UDDS工况下制动回收能量比Advisor中的制动控制策略的仿真结果提高了约30%。
最后,论文还详细的介绍了HEV仿真软件平台的开发过程。分别搭建了传统车、串联式、并联式和本文类型的混联式结构的仿真平台,通过Matlab/GUI界面来进行调用,这大大降低了以后仿真的工作量。
论文最后对研究内容以及成果进行了归纳总结,并对今后进一步的研究提出了建议。
The Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are recognized as one of the most advanced technologies in the automobile industry. HEVs are efficient for solving the world’s energy and environmental problems. Nowadays, a series of encouraging policies have been proposed to propell HEV’s developing.
The vehicle duty cycle is one of the most important issues to parameter matching. However, duty cycle affects HEV performance significantly, but it had not been used in HEV parameter in the literatures. So a method for matching parameter of HEV based on the vehicle duty cycle is proposed. In this paper, the works carried out as follows.
In this paper, a new method for parameter matching of HEV based on vehicle duty cycle is proposed. Many duty cycles are carefully statistics, the torque and power requirement are calculated, and the total power of the vehicle、engine power、paramter of the motor are finally definited. At last, taking the novel series-parallel HEV as an example, the HEV’s power requirements are calculated according to the theory of automobile dynamics in several typical drive cycles. The HEV’s simulation model is also established using the backward simulation tool. Parameters of the powertrain system are chosen carefully by analyzed of the simulated results. At last, the parameters of the system are definited. And taking the CYC_ECE_EUDC cycles and HWFET cycles for example, its simulated results are compare to convention parameter matching method.
Second, once the parameters are definited, the model of the vehicle is built and simulated. Also the several control strategies has been analyzed. They have significant influence to the HEV’s performance. The HEV’s mainly drive mode is analyzed, the mainly control strategy is established. The new control strategy is better than the conventional control strategy .The energy recovery braking in UDDS is improved about 30% compare to the Advisor’s recovery strategy.
At last, this software is designed in Matlab/Simulink and GUI. It contains series, parallel and others vehicle’s model. It can save time by second-develop the software. The research achievements are summarized and the proposal of the next research is put forward.
混合动力汽车参数匹配作为其关键技术之一,对整车性能起着决定性的作用。然而,长期以来混合动力汽车的参数匹配方法主要参照传统汽车的理论公式推导和基于混合度算法等方面,而对行驶工况对整车性能的影响没有足够的重视。行驶工况对汽车性能的影响很大,因此,研究基于行驶工况法对混合动力汽车的参数匹配的影响具有很好的理论和实践意义。
本文提出了一种基于行驶工况的混合动力汽车参数匹配方法,该方法首先对目前世界各国的汽车行驶工况进行统计分析,分别计算不同工况下车辆总功率的需求和总转矩的需求,分别对其进行统计,然后确定其整车的总功率、发动机功率、电机功率和电池的参数等。并以一种新型的混联式混合动力汽车为例,对其进行建模仿真,并以欧洲城市工况(CYC_ECE_EUDC)和高速公路工况(CYC_HWFET)为例,对基于行驶工况的混合动力汽车参数匹配法和基于混合度的参数匹配法进行了对比仿真。
在确定了整车参数之后,还建立了整车仿真模型。同时还着重分析了控制策略对整车性能的影响。针对研究对象,提出了电动优先的混合控制策略,并分析该种控制策略对整车燃油经济性和排放性的影响,并与基于发动机最优工作区间控制策略进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明,电动优先的混合控制策略要优于发动机最优工作区间控制策略。同时也制定了相应的制动控制策略,仿真结果表明,在CYC_UDDS工况下制动回收能量比Advisor中的制动控制策略的仿真结果提高了约30%。
最后,论文还详细的介绍了HEV仿真软件平台的开发过程。分别搭建了传统车、串联式、并联式和本文类型的混联式结构的仿真平台,通过Matlab/GUI界面来进行调用,这大大降低了以后仿真的工作量。
论文最后对研究内容以及成果进行了归纳总结,并对今后进一步的研究提出了建议。
The Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are recognized as one of the most advanced technologies in the automobile industry. HEVs are efficient for solving the world’s energy and environmental problems. Nowadays, a series of encouraging policies have been proposed to propell HEV’s developing.
The vehicle duty cycle is one of the most important issues to parameter matching. However, duty cycle affects HEV performance significantly, but it had not been used in HEV parameter in the literatures. So a method for matching parameter of HEV based on the vehicle duty cycle is proposed. In this paper, the works carried out as follows.
In this paper, a new method for parameter matching of HEV based on vehicle duty cycle is proposed. Many duty cycles are carefully statistics, the torque and power requirement are calculated, and the total power of the vehicle、engine power、paramter of the motor are finally definited. At last, taking the novel series-parallel HEV as an example, the HEV’s power requirements are calculated according to the theory of automobile dynamics in several typical drive cycles. The HEV’s simulation model is also established using the backward simulation tool. Parameters of the powertrain system are chosen carefully by analyzed of the simulated results. At last, the parameters of the system are definited. And taking the CYC_ECE_EUDC cycles and HWFET cycles for example, its simulated results are compare to convention parameter matching method.
Second, once the parameters are definited, the model of the vehicle is built and simulated. Also the several control strategies has been analyzed. They have significant influence to the HEV’s performance. The HEV’s mainly drive mode is analyzed, the mainly control strategy is established. The new control strategy is better than the conventional control strategy .The energy recovery braking in UDDS is improved about 30% compare to the Advisor’s recovery strategy.
At last, this software is designed in Matlab/Simulink and GUI. It contains series, parallel and others vehicle’s model. It can save time by second-develop the software. The research achievements are summarized and the proposal of the next research is put forward.
引文
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[2] C. C. Chan. The state of the art of electric and hybrid vehicles[J]. IEEE, 2002, 90(2): 247-275
[3] Subaru Hybrid Carsh. http://www.hybrid-vehicles.net/subaru-hybrid-cars.htm,2006.5.20
[4]杜子学,王可.车用能源及新型动力车的发展与研究[J].上海汽车,2007(6): 3-8
[5] Morita K. Automotive power source in 21st century[J]. JSAE Review,2003,24(1): 3-7
[6] http://www.hybrid.com/modules.php?name=Ford_Hybrid_Cars, 2005.2.1
[7] http://www.hybridcars.com/Silverado-sierra.html.2006-2-3
[8]王晓明,吴志新.混合动力电动汽车[J].世界汽车, 2004(1): 30-33
[9] Isaya Matsuo, Takeshi Myiamoto. The Nissan Hybrid Vehicle[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers, 2000-01-1568
[10]卢山,解本欣.混合动力技术及研发实践[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2008(1): 6-8
[11]岳东鹏,郝志勇,张俊智.混合动力电动汽车研究开发及前景展望[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2004(2): 1-4
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