仓储物流设备静压传动系统的研究与开发
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摘要
静压传动具有满载工况下启动平稳、易于实现前进倒退的转换、可实现无级调速、传递功率大等优点,在发达国家已经被广泛应用在各种行走机械中,而在国内只是应用和推广国外成熟产品,对静压传动系统缺乏深入、系统的研究。
仓储物流设备传统的驱动方式采用机械传动,这种传动方式需要昂贵的电调速系统,而电调速系统基本上由国外进口。另外,由于机械传动启动冲击大、不能带载启动、换向困难,不能符合仓储物流设备实际工况要求。论文从这一着眼点出发,以浙江诺力机械股份有限公司RS16电动堆高车为研究对象,对仓储物流设备静压传动系统进行了比较全面和系统的研究。
论文主要包括以下内容:
1.分析了机械传动、液力传动和静压传动的性能特点,最后得出了仓储物流设备静压传动系统的工作原理图。
2.对静压传动系统关键元件(液压泵和马达)进行了参数设计,并对系统发热做了研究。研究结果表明,溢流阀和节流阀等阀类元件的压力损失对系统功率损失影响最大。
3.对静压传动系统关键元件—轴向柱塞变量泵进行了研究。主要对柱塞和滑靴进行了运动学分析和动力学分析。分析结果表明,斜盘倾角、柱塞直径和缸体转速对柱塞所受作用力的影响较大。为轴向柱塞变量泵的研制和开发提供了一定的理论依据。
4.对静压传动系统的动态特性作了研究。推导出静压传动系统的数学模型,并运用MATLAB中的SIMULINK工具箱对静压传动系统的动态特性进行仿真。得到了系统压力、马达进口流量和马达转矩的动态响应结果。仿真分析表明,该系统是稳定的,静压传动系统可以很好地满足仓储物流设备的工况要求。
5.对静压传动系统进行了实验研究。结果表明,该系统振动小、噪音低、无泄漏、发热正常、加速性能良好,满足仓储物流设备的工况要求。
Hydrostatic transmission has such many advantages as stable starting under full load、infinitely variable speed、easily converting driving direction forwards and backwards and high transmitting power, it has been applied widely on all kinds of mobile machinery in the developed countries, but in our country, the foreign grown products of hydrostatic transmission have only been applied and popularized, without systematic and deep research for hydrostatic transmission system.
The traditional driving method of warehouse logistics equipment is mechanical transmission. The mechanical transmission needs the expensive electric governor system. But the electric governor system is imported from the developed countries. Besides, mechanical transmission has such many disadvantages as big starting pulsation、starting difficultly under full load and converting driving direction difficultly. So it can not satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment. From the point, This thesis is based on the RS 16 Electrical forklift of Zhejiang Noblelift Equipment Joint Stock Co.,Ltd. The hydrostatic transmission of warehouse logistics equipment is researched systematically.
Main contents of the thesis are listed as follows:
1. The property of mechanical transmission、hydraulic mechanical transmission and hydrostatic transmission is analyzed. the principle drawing of hydrostatic transmission system of warehouse logistics equipment is built.
2. The key parts of hydrostatic transmission system is designed. The heat of hydrostatic transmission system is researched. The result shows that the influence of the pressure loss of relief valve and throttle valve to the power loss of system is the biggest.
3. The key component of hydrostatic transmission system-axial piston variable displacement pump is researched. Kinematics and dynamics of piston and slipper are analyzed. The analysis shows that the tilt angle of swash plate、piston diameter and cylinder speed has the bigger influence to the force of piston. The basis of theory is provided for the research and development of axial piston variable displacement pump.
4. The dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic transmission system is researched, the mathematical models of the hydrostatic transmission system are deduced, the dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic transmission system is simulated by the toolbox-SIMULINK of MATLAB. Then the dynamic response of system pressure, inlet flow of motor and motor torque is obtained. The simulation analysis shows that the system is steady and the hydrostatic transmission system can well satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment.
5. The experiment researches of hydrostatic transmission system are operated. The result shows that the system has small vibration、low noise、no leakage、normal temperature, can satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment.
仓储物流设备传统的驱动方式采用机械传动,这种传动方式需要昂贵的电调速系统,而电调速系统基本上由国外进口。另外,由于机械传动启动冲击大、不能带载启动、换向困难,不能符合仓储物流设备实际工况要求。论文从这一着眼点出发,以浙江诺力机械股份有限公司RS16电动堆高车为研究对象,对仓储物流设备静压传动系统进行了比较全面和系统的研究。
论文主要包括以下内容:
1.分析了机械传动、液力传动和静压传动的性能特点,最后得出了仓储物流设备静压传动系统的工作原理图。
2.对静压传动系统关键元件(液压泵和马达)进行了参数设计,并对系统发热做了研究。研究结果表明,溢流阀和节流阀等阀类元件的压力损失对系统功率损失影响最大。
3.对静压传动系统关键元件—轴向柱塞变量泵进行了研究。主要对柱塞和滑靴进行了运动学分析和动力学分析。分析结果表明,斜盘倾角、柱塞直径和缸体转速对柱塞所受作用力的影响较大。为轴向柱塞变量泵的研制和开发提供了一定的理论依据。
4.对静压传动系统的动态特性作了研究。推导出静压传动系统的数学模型,并运用MATLAB中的SIMULINK工具箱对静压传动系统的动态特性进行仿真。得到了系统压力、马达进口流量和马达转矩的动态响应结果。仿真分析表明,该系统是稳定的,静压传动系统可以很好地满足仓储物流设备的工况要求。
5.对静压传动系统进行了实验研究。结果表明,该系统振动小、噪音低、无泄漏、发热正常、加速性能良好,满足仓储物流设备的工况要求。
Hydrostatic transmission has such many advantages as stable starting under full load、infinitely variable speed、easily converting driving direction forwards and backwards and high transmitting power, it has been applied widely on all kinds of mobile machinery in the developed countries, but in our country, the foreign grown products of hydrostatic transmission have only been applied and popularized, without systematic and deep research for hydrostatic transmission system.
The traditional driving method of warehouse logistics equipment is mechanical transmission. The mechanical transmission needs the expensive electric governor system. But the electric governor system is imported from the developed countries. Besides, mechanical transmission has such many disadvantages as big starting pulsation、starting difficultly under full load and converting driving direction difficultly. So it can not satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment. From the point, This thesis is based on the RS 16 Electrical forklift of Zhejiang Noblelift Equipment Joint Stock Co.,Ltd. The hydrostatic transmission of warehouse logistics equipment is researched systematically.
Main contents of the thesis are listed as follows:
1. The property of mechanical transmission、hydraulic mechanical transmission and hydrostatic transmission is analyzed. the principle drawing of hydrostatic transmission system of warehouse logistics equipment is built.
2. The key parts of hydrostatic transmission system is designed. The heat of hydrostatic transmission system is researched. The result shows that the influence of the pressure loss of relief valve and throttle valve to the power loss of system is the biggest.
3. The key component of hydrostatic transmission system-axial piston variable displacement pump is researched. Kinematics and dynamics of piston and slipper are analyzed. The analysis shows that the tilt angle of swash plate、piston diameter and cylinder speed has the bigger influence to the force of piston. The basis of theory is provided for the research and development of axial piston variable displacement pump.
4. The dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic transmission system is researched, the mathematical models of the hydrostatic transmission system are deduced, the dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic transmission system is simulated by the toolbox-SIMULINK of MATLAB. Then the dynamic response of system pressure, inlet flow of motor and motor torque is obtained. The simulation analysis shows that the system is steady and the hydrostatic transmission system can well satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment.
5. The experiment researches of hydrostatic transmission system are operated. The result shows that the system has small vibration、low noise、no leakage、normal temperature, can satisfy the working requests of warehouse logistics equipment.
引文
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[3]N.D.Manring,G.R.Luecke.Modeling and Designing a Hydrostatic Transmission With a Fixed-Displacement Motor[J].Journal of Dynamic Systems,Measurement,and Control,1998,120(1):45-49.
[4]章崇任.工程机械环保性浅析[J]_工程机械,1995,(01):28-31.
[5]章崇任.低振动型工程机械的开发研究[J].工程机械,1998,(10):21-23.
[6]苏恩一.轻小型搬运车辆现状及其发展[J].叉车技术,2003,(02):28-30.
[7]李刚.国内叉车行业的现状及发展趋势[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008,18(1):123-124.
[8]http://www.bmlink.com/news/message/138823.html.
[9]高峰.液压挖掘机节能技术的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2001.
[10]W.C.Edward.A Hybrid Fuel Cell-Battery Power Supply For an Electric Forklift[D].University of Toronto,2006.
[11]陈平.国内叉车制造业的现状和发展趋势[J].起重运输机械,1997,(12):3-6
[12]王海滨.叉车静压传动系统特性研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[13]苏恩一.静压传动技术在工程机械中的应用[J].物流技术与应用,2004,(07):86-87.
[14]王意.行走机械液压驱动技术发展大观[J].液压气动与密封,2000,79(1):19-28.
[15]王意.行走机械液压驱动技术发展大观(续)[J].液压气动与密封,2000,81(3):1-6.
[16]Shi Zhiru.Dynamic Modeling,Simulation and Parameter Identification of a Hydrostatic Transmission with Application to Crane System Characterization[D].Michigan Technological University,2006.
[17]K.Dasgupta.Analysis of a hydrostatic transmission system using low speed high torque motor[J].Mechanism and Maching Theory,2000,(35):1481-1499.
[18]C.B.Lee,H.W.Wu.Self-tuning adaptive speed control for hydrostatic transmission systems[J].International Journal of Computer Application in Technology,1996,(9):18-33.
[19]Eric Johnson.Disagreement over carbon footprints:A comparison of electric and LPG forklifts[J].Energy Policy,2008,(36):1569-1573.
[20]Baljit Dhaliwal.Alternative Fuel Effects on Vehicle Emissions and Indoor Air Quality[D].University of Alberta,2000.
[21]石一兵.小型搬运装卸机械设计[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1996.
[22]雷惊雷,张占军,吴立人,等.电动车,电动车用电源及其发展战略[J].电源技术,2001,25(1):40-46.
[23]滕明涛.浅谈叉车的两种传动系统[J].工程机械,1998,(09):19-21.
[24]李杰胜.静压传动系统的优势[J].物流技术与应用,2006,(06):78-79.
[25]关景泰,孔蓓蓓,刘钊.开式静液压传动在电动叉车上的应用[J].起重运输机械,2002,(08):43-45.
[26]钟炜生.静液压传动叉车述评[J].工程机械与维修,2000,(08):38-39.
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