气密采水瓶压力补偿器设计与密封性能试验研究
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摘要
气密采水瓶的密封性是由压力补偿器来保证的,因此压力补偿器的设计是采水瓶设计的核心,本文主要完成对气密采水瓶压力补偿器的设计并通过高压舱试验和海上试验来检测安装压力补偿器后采水瓶的密封性能。首先,对压力补偿器密封件O形橡胶密封圈的非线性特性进行理论研究,确定橡胶的本构模型,对O形橡胶密封圈建立有限元模型,结合O形圈的密封机理和摩擦特性,对其进行有限元仿真分析,得到几个不同参数对其密封和摩擦性能的影响,从而得到优化的设计参数。为了验证仿真结果,在试验室进行了简单的试验,试验与仿真结果一致性较好。接着,通过设计高压舱试验,使采水瓶内部压力升高到40MPa模拟真实的水下4000米工作环境,通过预充气体的方法来验证呆水瓶的密封性能,该高压试验初步证明了安装压力补偿器后采水瓶具有良好的密封性能。最后,把气密采水瓶带到海上试验,下放时同时携带非气密采水瓶,利用LabVIEW编写的测控软件和温盐深仪、释放机构组成的测控系统,实现对海水自动采样,通过试验对比发现在同一深度下气密采水瓶采集的样品中甲烷和二氧化碳气体含量明显高于非气密采水瓶采集的样品,进一步验证了安装压力补偿器后采水瓶具有良好的密封性能,同时说明了利用有限元法设计压力补偿器的正确性。
The tightness of gas-tight sample bottle is guaranteed by pressure compensator, therefore the design of pressure compensator is the focus of designing gas-tight sample bottle. The primary work of this dissertation focus on designing the pressure compensator as well as testing the tightness of the gas-tight sample bottle, both in the high-pressure tank, and in the sea.
Firstly, based on the theory research on the geometric and material nonlinearity, build up the finite element model of the O-Ring according to relevant constitutive model, and carry out the finite element analysis on the O-Ring, as a result get the impact of several parameters on the tightness and friction. According to the result, choose the optimum parameters. The experiment carried in the lab testify the validity of the analysis. Secondly, design the experiment in the high-pressure tank which can simulate the working environment of the gas-tight sample bottle, and the result proved that the sample bottle with the pressure compensator is gas-tight. Lastly, carry out the sea trial on the gas-tight sample bottle, take advantage of the test&controlsystem composed of the test&control software. CTD、and release appliance to obtain the sea water in a certain depth, in contrast with the sample bottle which is not gas-tight, the concentration of CH4 and CO_2 contained in the sample obtained by the gas-tight sample bottle is higher than the one that is not gas-tight, which prove the tightness of the gas-tight sample bottle further, meanwhile testify the validity of designing pressure compensator.
The tightness of gas-tight sample bottle is guaranteed by pressure compensator, therefore the design of pressure compensator is the focus of designing gas-tight sample bottle. The primary work of this dissertation focus on designing the pressure compensator as well as testing the tightness of the gas-tight sample bottle, both in the high-pressure tank, and in the sea.
Firstly, based on the theory research on the geometric and material nonlinearity, build up the finite element model of the O-Ring according to relevant constitutive model, and carry out the finite element analysis on the O-Ring, as a result get the impact of several parameters on the tightness and friction. According to the result, choose the optimum parameters. The experiment carried in the lab testify the validity of the analysis. Secondly, design the experiment in the high-pressure tank which can simulate the working environment of the gas-tight sample bottle, and the result proved that the sample bottle with the pressure compensator is gas-tight. Lastly, carry out the sea trial on the gas-tight sample bottle, take advantage of the test&controlsystem composed of the test&control software. CTD、and release appliance to obtain the sea water in a certain depth, in contrast with the sample bottle which is not gas-tight, the concentration of CH4 and CO_2 contained in the sample obtained by the gas-tight sample bottle is higher than the one that is not gas-tight, which prove the tightness of the gas-tight sample bottle further, meanwhile testify the validity of designing pressure compensator.
引文
[1]周丽娟.基于压力自适应体积补偿的气密采水瓶的设计及试验研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文.2008,16-17
[2]孟庆鑫,王茁,魏洪兴,张立勋.深水液压动力源压力补偿器研究.船舶工程.2000(24),4(4),10-13
[3]吴怀超,金波,杨灿军,陈鹰.海底热液长期原位探测器流控系统的设计与实现.浙江大学学报(工学版).2008,42(3),539-543
[4]裴东,石治国,刘春,景义军,陈雪梅.充油压力补偿式锌银蓄电池.研究与设计.2005,29(6).388-391
[5]陈建平,薛建平.深潜器设计的压力补偿研究.液压与气动.1995,01,16-18
[6]章艳,罗高生,王峰,顾临怡.深海压力适应型水下机器人压力补偿技术.机电工程.2007.27(4),10-25
[7]房廷,郭远明.深海压力自动补偿器的设计.液压与气动.2006,04,3-4
[8]陈启星,罗启宇.采用压力平衡机构延长潜水电机寿命.水泵技术.1983,0320-22
[9]张巧儿,陶国良.水下气体压力补偿系统仿真分析及优化设计.机床与液压.2007,35(2),121-124
[10]解素欣.压力补偿型调速器液压装置及系统的特点.水利水电技术.2001,32(1).71-72
[11]United States Patent,Patent number:5201611.Pressure equalizer for use at deep sea.
[12]http://baike.baidu.com/view/1010102.htm
[13]刘令勋 刘贵英 动态密封设计技术 北京:中国标准出版社,1993,6-30
[14]蒋伟华.基于O形橡胶圈密封的高压容器设计和研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文.2006,8-9.
[15]Hyung-Kyu Kim,Sung-Han Park,Hwan-Gyu Lee,Dong-Ryun Kim,Young-Ho Lee.Approximation of contact stress for a compressed andlaterally one side restrained O-ring.Engineering Failure Analysis 2007,14,1680-1692
[16]张康雷,周志鸿,许同乐.液压缸活塞杆密封的泄漏量计算.润滑与密封.2006,8,102-105
[17]郭博智,宋笔锋,孙法国,崔卫民O形圈的有限元分析 液压与气动.2001,41(5),31-33.
[18]Stanis awStupkiewicz,ArturMarciniszyn.Elastohydrodynamic lubrication an d finite configuration changes in reciprocating elastomeric seals.Tribology I nternational 2009(42):615-627
[19]谭晶,杨卫民,丁玉梅,杨维章,鲁选才,唐斌.O形橡胶密封圈密封性能的有限元分析.润滑与密封2006,9,65-69
[20]张振秀,聂军,沈梅,辛振祥.ANSYS中超弹性模型及其在橡胶工程中的应用.理论与研究.2005,31(9),1-4
[21]叶子波,黄兴.新型双向密封件的接触变形及应力分析.工程技术.200732(11),142-164
[22]沈锋钢,颜永年,吴任东,林峰,彭俊斌.O形橡胶密封圈静密封应力分析及密封性能研究.机械加工工艺与装备.2007,01,22-24
[23]黄中华,金波,刘少军.深海高压舱密封性能评价研究.浙江大学学报(工学版)2007,41(5),790-793
[24]李建国,丁玉梅,杨卫民,谭晶.油封动密封机制的有限元分析.润滑与密封2007,32(1),96-99
[25]By A.Abouel-Kasem Assiut-University,Assiut,Egypt.Numerical analysis o f leakage rate for the selection of elastomeric sealing materials.Sealing Tec hnology November 2006,7-11
[26]何春明,郑慕侨.测定橡胶Mooney-Rilvin模型常数的一种新方法.北京理工大学学报1997,17(2),142-145
[27]郑明军,王文静,陈政南,吴利军 橡胶Mooney-Rilvin模型力学性能常数的确定.橡胶工业.2003,50(8),462-465
[28]杨开云,李玉河,凌志飞,刘桂荣,白新理.橡胶圆筒的大应变接触问题分析.水利水电技术.2004,4,30-32
[29]http://www.cmwin.com/CBPResource/StageHtmlPage/843/A2962008814151259 859.htm
[30]黄俊,李小宁.气缸爬行现象的建模与仿真.液压与气动.2004,06,20-23
[31]SMC(中国)有限公司.现代实用气动技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[32]刘涛,杨凤鹏.精通ANSYS.北京:清华大学出版社2002,09
[33]贺文涛.ZR轧机关键传动部件的非线性有限元分析.武汉科技大学.200624-25
[34]陈景卓.软管泵橡胶软管结构非线性有限元分析.北京林业大学硕士学位论文.2006,24-25
[35]JN Reddy.Penalty-Finite Element Methods in Mechanics.Phoenix,Arizona:ASME,1982
[36]Lei Jiang,R J Rogers.Combined Lagrangian multiplier and penaltyfunction finite element technique for elastic impact analysis.C omputer&Structures,1992,42(1),97-116
[37]J C Simo,P Wriggers,R L Taylor.A perturbed Lagrangian formulation for the finite element solution of contact problems[J].Comput.Methods Appl.Mech.Engrg,1985,50,163-180
[38]J C Simo,T A Laursen.An augmented Lagrangian treatment of contact problems involving friction.Computer&Structures,1988,30(6),1219-1229
[39]GADALA M S.Altemative methods for the solution of hyperelastic models with incompressibility.Computers & Structures,1992,42,1-10.
[40]王勖成,邵敏.有限单元法基本原理及数值方法.第二版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999,531-539
[41]孙杰.轴承密封件安装稳定性与密封特性研究.中国海洋大学硕士学位论文.2006,15-17
[42]蒋轩,郑慕侨.负重轮橡胶轮缘有限元分析及力学特性拟合.北京理工大学学报.2000,20(3),286-289
[43]颜云辉,谢里阳,韩清凯.结构分析中的有限单元法及其应用.沈阳:东北大学出版社.2002,113-114
[44]J Charlton,J Yang.A review of methods to characterize rubber elastic behavior for USe in finite element analysis.Rubber Chemical and Technology, 1994,67(3),481-503
[45]O H Yeoh Characterization of elastic properties of carbon black filled rubber vulcanization.Rubber Chemical and Technology,1990,63(5),792-805
[46]ANSYS 10.0帮助文件
[47]段进,倪栋,王国业.ANSYS 10.0结构分析从入门到精通.北京:科海电子出版社.2006,367-368
[48]由美雁.基于ANSYS软件的减速器建模与有限元分析.东北大学硕士学位论文2003,33-35
[49]海鸟公司CTD手册
[50]李东升,李民强,范林涛.虚拟仪器技术在电子鼻中的应用.传感器与微系统.2008.27(1),115-117
[2]孟庆鑫,王茁,魏洪兴,张立勋.深水液压动力源压力补偿器研究.船舶工程.2000(24),4(4),10-13
[3]吴怀超,金波,杨灿军,陈鹰.海底热液长期原位探测器流控系统的设计与实现.浙江大学学报(工学版).2008,42(3),539-543
[4]裴东,石治国,刘春,景义军,陈雪梅.充油压力补偿式锌银蓄电池.研究与设计.2005,29(6).388-391
[5]陈建平,薛建平.深潜器设计的压力补偿研究.液压与气动.1995,01,16-18
[6]章艳,罗高生,王峰,顾临怡.深海压力适应型水下机器人压力补偿技术.机电工程.2007.27(4),10-25
[7]房廷,郭远明.深海压力自动补偿器的设计.液压与气动.2006,04,3-4
[8]陈启星,罗启宇.采用压力平衡机构延长潜水电机寿命.水泵技术.1983,0320-22
[9]张巧儿,陶国良.水下气体压力补偿系统仿真分析及优化设计.机床与液压.2007,35(2),121-124
[10]解素欣.压力补偿型调速器液压装置及系统的特点.水利水电技术.2001,32(1).71-72
[11]United States Patent,Patent number:5201611.Pressure equalizer for use at deep sea.
[12]http://baike.baidu.com/view/1010102.htm
[13]刘令勋 刘贵英 动态密封设计技术 北京:中国标准出版社,1993,6-30
[14]蒋伟华.基于O形橡胶圈密封的高压容器设计和研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文.2006,8-9.
[15]Hyung-Kyu Kim,Sung-Han Park,Hwan-Gyu Lee,Dong-Ryun Kim,Young-Ho Lee.Approximation of contact stress for a compressed andlaterally one side restrained O-ring.Engineering Failure Analysis 2007,14,1680-1692
[16]张康雷,周志鸿,许同乐.液压缸活塞杆密封的泄漏量计算.润滑与密封.2006,8,102-105
[17]郭博智,宋笔锋,孙法国,崔卫民O形圈的有限元分析 液压与气动.2001,41(5),31-33.
[18]Stanis awStupkiewicz,ArturMarciniszyn.Elastohydrodynamic lubrication an d finite configuration changes in reciprocating elastomeric seals.Tribology I nternational 2009(42):615-627
[19]谭晶,杨卫民,丁玉梅,杨维章,鲁选才,唐斌.O形橡胶密封圈密封性能的有限元分析.润滑与密封2006,9,65-69
[20]张振秀,聂军,沈梅,辛振祥.ANSYS中超弹性模型及其在橡胶工程中的应用.理论与研究.2005,31(9),1-4
[21]叶子波,黄兴.新型双向密封件的接触变形及应力分析.工程技术.200732(11),142-164
[22]沈锋钢,颜永年,吴任东,林峰,彭俊斌.O形橡胶密封圈静密封应力分析及密封性能研究.机械加工工艺与装备.2007,01,22-24
[23]黄中华,金波,刘少军.深海高压舱密封性能评价研究.浙江大学学报(工学版)2007,41(5),790-793
[24]李建国,丁玉梅,杨卫民,谭晶.油封动密封机制的有限元分析.润滑与密封2007,32(1),96-99
[25]By A.Abouel-Kasem Assiut-University,Assiut,Egypt.Numerical analysis o f leakage rate for the selection of elastomeric sealing materials.Sealing Tec hnology November 2006,7-11
[26]何春明,郑慕侨.测定橡胶Mooney-Rilvin模型常数的一种新方法.北京理工大学学报1997,17(2),142-145
[27]郑明军,王文静,陈政南,吴利军 橡胶Mooney-Rilvin模型力学性能常数的确定.橡胶工业.2003,50(8),462-465
[28]杨开云,李玉河,凌志飞,刘桂荣,白新理.橡胶圆筒的大应变接触问题分析.水利水电技术.2004,4,30-32
[29]http://www.cmwin.com/CBPResource/StageHtmlPage/843/A2962008814151259 859.htm
[30]黄俊,李小宁.气缸爬行现象的建模与仿真.液压与气动.2004,06,20-23
[31]SMC(中国)有限公司.现代实用气动技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[32]刘涛,杨凤鹏.精通ANSYS.北京:清华大学出版社2002,09
[33]贺文涛.ZR轧机关键传动部件的非线性有限元分析.武汉科技大学.200624-25
[34]陈景卓.软管泵橡胶软管结构非线性有限元分析.北京林业大学硕士学位论文.2006,24-25
[35]JN Reddy.Penalty-Finite Element Methods in Mechanics.Phoenix,Arizona:ASME,1982
[36]Lei Jiang,R J Rogers.Combined Lagrangian multiplier and penaltyfunction finite element technique for elastic impact analysis.C omputer&Structures,1992,42(1),97-116
[37]J C Simo,P Wriggers,R L Taylor.A perturbed Lagrangian formulation for the finite element solution of contact problems[J].Comput.Methods Appl.Mech.Engrg,1985,50,163-180
[38]J C Simo,T A Laursen.An augmented Lagrangian treatment of contact problems involving friction.Computer&Structures,1988,30(6),1219-1229
[39]GADALA M S.Altemative methods for the solution of hyperelastic models with incompressibility.Computers & Structures,1992,42,1-10.
[40]王勖成,邵敏.有限单元法基本原理及数值方法.第二版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999,531-539
[41]孙杰.轴承密封件安装稳定性与密封特性研究.中国海洋大学硕士学位论文.2006,15-17
[42]蒋轩,郑慕侨.负重轮橡胶轮缘有限元分析及力学特性拟合.北京理工大学学报.2000,20(3),286-289
[43]颜云辉,谢里阳,韩清凯.结构分析中的有限单元法及其应用.沈阳:东北大学出版社.2002,113-114
[44]J Charlton,J Yang.A review of methods to characterize rubber elastic behavior for USe in finite element analysis.Rubber Chemical and Technology, 1994,67(3),481-503
[45]O H Yeoh Characterization of elastic properties of carbon black filled rubber vulcanization.Rubber Chemical and Technology,1990,63(5),792-805
[46]ANSYS 10.0帮助文件
[47]段进,倪栋,王国业.ANSYS 10.0结构分析从入门到精通.北京:科海电子出版社.2006,367-368
[48]由美雁.基于ANSYS软件的减速器建模与有限元分析.东北大学硕士学位论文2003,33-35
[49]海鸟公司CTD手册
[50]李东升,李民强,范林涛.虚拟仪器技术在电子鼻中的应用.传感器与微系统.2008.27(1),115-117