钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁力学性能与破坏机理研究
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摘要
随着近代科学技术的发展和需要，钢板夹芯混凝土（steel-concrete-steel，简称SCS）组合结构已应用于各类结构工程中，如桥梁结构、防护结构、船舶、近海结构等，展示了广阔的应用前景。但在设计理论上，和钢筋混凝土结构、钢-混凝土组合结构相比，该组合结构领域尚存在着大量未解决的问题。本文基于理论分析及数值模拟方法，对钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁的界面力学特性和破坏机理两方面问题进行了研究，并取得了以下研究成果：
1.利用弹性理论和塑性理论，建立了钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁的弹性抗弯极限承载力和塑性抗弯极限承载力的计算公式，并对影响极限承载力的因素进行了分析。研究结果表明，钢板的强度和厚度比对塑性极限承载力有很大的影响，而混凝土强度对其影响较小。
2.考虑到钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁的实际受力和变形，建立了组合梁微段分析模型。通过对组合梁的受力平衡及变形协调进行分析，得到了关于界面滑移的微分方程，分别求出了跨中集中载荷、两点对称载荷、均布载荷和任意集中载荷作用下的简支组合梁的界面滑移和滑移应变的计算公式。这有助于深入研究组合梁的力学性能。
3.对界面滑移和滑移应变的主要影响因素进行了分析，结果表明剪力连接程度是影响界面滑移和滑移应变的主要因素，并随着剪力连接程度的提高，界面滑移和滑移应变均减小；含钢率对ss和εs的影响较大，而对st和εt的影响较小，且随着含钢率的增加，界面滑移和滑移应变均增大；混凝土强度等级对ss和εs的影响较小，对st和εt几乎没有影响，且随着混凝土强度等级的提高，ss和εs略有减小。
4.建立了考虑界面滑移影响的组合梁的轴力、截面曲率、挠度和截面应力的计算公式，并分析了界面滑移对轴力、截面曲率、挠度和截面应力的影响。研究结果表明，随着界面滑移减小，上部钢板截面承担的轴力Ns增加，截面曲率和挠度减小，界面滑移对远离交界面位置处的截面应力影响较小，而对靠近交界面处的截面应力影响较大。
5.建立了FRP片材加固的混凝土梁、含复合型裂纹的混凝土梁和钢板夹芯混凝土梁的数值模型，并对其破坏过程进行了数值模拟，数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。然后利用该方法建立了考虑界面影响的钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁相似数值模型，分析了不同界面强度下组合梁的破坏机理。研究结果表明，组合梁破坏形式主要为由界面破坏导致钢板与混凝土间发生剥离破坏和混凝土下缘边界产生许多斜裂纹导致钢板与混凝土间发生粘结破坏。界面的强度越高，组合梁的极限承载力越高，延性越好。
Along with the development and needs of modern science and technology,steel-concrete-steel composite structure is widely used in bridge structures、protectivestructures、ship hulls、offshore structures etc. And it has a vast range in many domains. Thereare still a lot of issues that need to be solved in field of steel-concrete-steel compositestructure, compared with traditional reinforced-concrete structure and steel-concretecomposite structure. Combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods,interface mechanics characteristics and failure mechanism of steel-concrete-steel sandwichbeam are studied in this paper. The main research achievements are summarized as thefollowing:
1. Using elastic and plastic theory, the formulas of elastic bending limit bearing capacityand plastic bending limit bearing capacity about steel-concrete-steel composite structure isestablished, and was analysed the influencing factor about plastic bending limit bearingcapacity. The results indicated that the strength and thickness of the steel panel had a greateffect on the plastic bending limit bearing capacity and had no effect on the concrete strength.
2. In view of the actual stress and deformation of the steel-concrete-steel compositestructure, the micro section analysis model of the composite structure was established. Byanalyzing the force balance and deformation coordination of the composite beam, thedifferential equation about interface slip is gained, interface slip and slipping straincalculation formula of simply supported composite beam by the mid-span concentrated load、two load symmetry、uniformly distributed load and any concentrated load were derived. Thesedepth studies on the system may conduce to the mechanical property of the SCS compositebeam.
3. The major parameter of interface slip and slipping strain distribution was analysed.The results indicated that shear connection degrees have a great effect on the interface slipand slipping strain, as shear connection degrees increased, interface slip and slipping strain isreduced. Steel content have a big effect on ssand εs, less influence on stand εt, as steel contentincreased, interface slip and slipping strain is increased. The strength classes of concrete had a small effect on ssand εs, almost no influence on stand εt, as strength classes of concreteincreased, interface slip and slipping strain is a little decreased.
4. The formula of axial force and curvature of section and deflection and cross-sectionalstress was established considering the interface slip.And the influence of the interface slip onaxial force, section curvature, deflection and section stress was analysed. The studies show,that axial force Nswould increase, section curvature and deflection would increase along withthe interface slip decreasing. The influence of the interface slip on section stress of away fromthe border face was smaller，and the influence on section stress of closer the border face wasgreat.
5. The numerical model was established about FRP reinforced concrete beam, theconcrete beam with complex crack and steel-concrete-steel composite beam, and used thenumerical simulation to research the the failure process. Numerical simulation results had agood agreement with experimental results. And then similar numerical model ofsteel-concrete-steel composite beam considering of interface influence was established usingthis method. The failure mechanism of the composite beams was analyzed under the differentstrength of interface. The studies show, that the failure form of the composite beams mainlyfor the debonding failure between steel plate and concrete leading to by interface failure, andbonding failure between steel plate and concrete leading to by many crack in the inferiorborder of concrete. As the strength of interface increased, the ultimate bearing capacity of thecomposite beams is increased, and ductility was better.
1.利用弹性理论和塑性理论，建立了钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁的弹性抗弯极限承载力和塑性抗弯极限承载力的计算公式，并对影响极限承载力的因素进行了分析。研究结果表明，钢板的强度和厚度比对塑性极限承载力有很大的影响，而混凝土强度对其影响较小。
2.考虑到钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁的实际受力和变形，建立了组合梁微段分析模型。通过对组合梁的受力平衡及变形协调进行分析，得到了关于界面滑移的微分方程，分别求出了跨中集中载荷、两点对称载荷、均布载荷和任意集中载荷作用下的简支组合梁的界面滑移和滑移应变的计算公式。这有助于深入研究组合梁的力学性能。
3.对界面滑移和滑移应变的主要影响因素进行了分析，结果表明剪力连接程度是影响界面滑移和滑移应变的主要因素，并随着剪力连接程度的提高，界面滑移和滑移应变均减小；含钢率对ss和εs的影响较大，而对st和εt的影响较小，且随着含钢率的增加，界面滑移和滑移应变均增大；混凝土强度等级对ss和εs的影响较小，对st和εt几乎没有影响，且随着混凝土强度等级的提高，ss和εs略有减小。
4.建立了考虑界面滑移影响的组合梁的轴力、截面曲率、挠度和截面应力的计算公式，并分析了界面滑移对轴力、截面曲率、挠度和截面应力的影响。研究结果表明，随着界面滑移减小，上部钢板截面承担的轴力Ns增加，截面曲率和挠度减小，界面滑移对远离交界面位置处的截面应力影响较小，而对靠近交界面处的截面应力影响较大。
5.建立了FRP片材加固的混凝土梁、含复合型裂纹的混凝土梁和钢板夹芯混凝土梁的数值模型，并对其破坏过程进行了数值模拟，数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。然后利用该方法建立了考虑界面影响的钢板夹芯混凝土组合梁相似数值模型，分析了不同界面强度下组合梁的破坏机理。研究结果表明，组合梁破坏形式主要为由界面破坏导致钢板与混凝土间发生剥离破坏和混凝土下缘边界产生许多斜裂纹导致钢板与混凝土间发生粘结破坏。界面的强度越高，组合梁的极限承载力越高，延性越好。
Along with the development and needs of modern science and technology,steel-concrete-steel composite structure is widely used in bridge structures、protectivestructures、ship hulls、offshore structures etc. And it has a vast range in many domains. Thereare still a lot of issues that need to be solved in field of steel-concrete-steel compositestructure, compared with traditional reinforced-concrete structure and steel-concretecomposite structure. Combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods,interface mechanics characteristics and failure mechanism of steel-concrete-steel sandwichbeam are studied in this paper. The main research achievements are summarized as thefollowing:
1. Using elastic and plastic theory, the formulas of elastic bending limit bearing capacityand plastic bending limit bearing capacity about steel-concrete-steel composite structure isestablished, and was analysed the influencing factor about plastic bending limit bearingcapacity. The results indicated that the strength and thickness of the steel panel had a greateffect on the plastic bending limit bearing capacity and had no effect on the concrete strength.
2. In view of the actual stress and deformation of the steel-concrete-steel compositestructure, the micro section analysis model of the composite structure was established. Byanalyzing the force balance and deformation coordination of the composite beam, thedifferential equation about interface slip is gained, interface slip and slipping straincalculation formula of simply supported composite beam by the mid-span concentrated load、two load symmetry、uniformly distributed load and any concentrated load were derived. Thesedepth studies on the system may conduce to the mechanical property of the SCS compositebeam.
3. The major parameter of interface slip and slipping strain distribution was analysed.The results indicated that shear connection degrees have a great effect on the interface slipand slipping strain, as shear connection degrees increased, interface slip and slipping strain isreduced. Steel content have a big effect on ssand εs, less influence on stand εt, as steel contentincreased, interface slip and slipping strain is increased. The strength classes of concrete had a small effect on ssand εs, almost no influence on stand εt, as strength classes of concreteincreased, interface slip and slipping strain is a little decreased.
4. The formula of axial force and curvature of section and deflection and cross-sectionalstress was established considering the interface slip.And the influence of the interface slip onaxial force, section curvature, deflection and section stress was analysed. The studies show,that axial force Nswould increase, section curvature and deflection would increase along withthe interface slip decreasing. The influence of the interface slip on section stress of away fromthe border face was smaller，and the influence on section stress of closer the border face wasgreat.
5. The numerical model was established about FRP reinforced concrete beam, theconcrete beam with complex crack and steel-concrete-steel composite beam, and used thenumerical simulation to research the the failure process. Numerical simulation results had agood agreement with experimental results. And then similar numerical model ofsteel-concrete-steel composite beam considering of interface influence was established usingthis method. The failure mechanism of the composite beams was analyzed under the differentstrength of interface. The studies show, that the failure form of the composite beams mainlyfor the debonding failure between steel plate and concrete leading to by interface failure, andbonding failure between steel plate and concrete leading to by many crack in the inferiorborder of concrete. As the strength of interface increased, the ultimate bearing capacity of thecomposite beams is increased, and ductility was better.
引文
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