双相介质储层参数非线性反演
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摘要
双相介质理论充分地考虑了介质的结构、流体的特殊性质、局部特性与整体效应的关系,因此,双相介质理论更能准确地描述实际地层结构和性质,也就更能适应越来越复杂的油气储藏勘探的需要,双相介质理论已成为当今地球物理学研究的前沿和难题之一。混沌作为一种普遍的非线性现象,具有随机性、遍历性和内在规律性的特点,其遍历性可作为避免搜索过程陷入局部极小的有效机制,因此,混沌算法已成为一种新颖且有潜力的优化工具。对复杂的双相介质的储层参数反演来说,混沌非线性优化算法是一种最适合的算法。
在本论文中,分析和总结了当前国内外双相介质理论的新技术新方法,研究双相介质中地震波的传播理论,结合川西地震的岩石物理资料,建立双相介质储层的地球物理模型;基于Biot模型和BISQ模型的双相各向同性和各向异性方程,实现了任意高阶有限差分方法的双相介质波场模拟,利用模拟结果分析了双相介质中波场特征及传播规律;基于Zoeppritz方程和双相介质分界面的反射系数和透射系数方程组,研究了任意入射角时双相介质与双相介质,单相介质与双相介质反射与透射特征。研究了双相介质自激自收时的简化方程,分析频率对反射与透射系数的影响;利用非线性混沌的遍历性、随机性、规律性的特点,开发了高效的最优化混沌改进算法程序,利用混沌优化改进算法,从理论上实现并简化了双相介质的AVO反演,利用混沌算法实现并简化了双相介质理论下的储层渗透率、孔隙度的反演;利用BISQ模型讨论了快、慢波衰减特征、速度频散、弹性参数间的关系,导出了基于双相介质理论的含气性预测方法。
最后,形成了一套系统的基于双相介质理论的波场模拟、波场分析、含气性检测及储层参数非线性反演的等方法技术系列,将研究成果进行了实际地震资料的应用处理,并取得了较好的应用效果。
The two-phase medium theory can adequately account for the structure of medium, and the particularity of fluid and the effect relation between local and integral, So implement two-phase medium theory can accurately describe the structure of stratum and it's property., it can well adapt to the necessary for the more and more complex oil-gas reservoir exploration situation, the two-phase medium theory has been one of advanced and difficult geophysics research problems now. Chaos is an universal nonlinear phenomenon with stochastic property, ergodic property and regular property, whose ergodicity can be used as a kind of mechanism for optimization to effectively avoid the search being trapped in local optimum, so that chaos has been a novel and promising tool for global optimization. Chaos nonlinear inversion method is a good way for the complex two-phase medium reservoir.
In this paper, I have built the geophysical reservoir model by considering the physical properties of rocks in the west of Sichuan area after studying new techniques and methods of two-phase medium theory and studying the propagation feature of waves in two-phase medium. I have forwarded wave field of isotropic and anisotropic medium separately based on the Biot and BISQ two-phase medium model equation, and then analyzed the propagation law and property of these seismic waves by using forward results. I have studied the law and property of reflection and transmission on the interface of two two-phase when the angle of incidence of the seismic wave is random and 90 degree based on Zoeppritz equation and reflection and transmission equation of two-phase medium, and discussed the simple expressions for normal incidence reflection coefficients form an interface between porous medium and then analyzed effects that frequency to reflection and transmission coefficients on this situation. Later, with stochastic property and ergodic property and regular property of chaos I have finished high effects chaos optimum algorithm. And realized the AVO inversion base on two-phase medium theory by using this chaos algorithm, according to the chaos research results, implemented the two-phase medium reservoir parameter inversion to get the porosity and permeability of reservoir. I have discussed the relation among attenuation property and velocity dispersive and elastic parameter of the fast and slow P wave based on the BISQ model, and then educed the bearing gas prediction method of the two-phase medium reservoir.
Finally, I established systemically the series methods and technologies for bearing gas detection and nonlinear parameters inversions and wave field forward and wave field analysis based on two-phase medium theory to reservoir, it showed the better effect applying of the study results to the seismic data.
在本论文中,分析和总结了当前国内外双相介质理论的新技术新方法,研究双相介质中地震波的传播理论,结合川西地震的岩石物理资料,建立双相介质储层的地球物理模型;基于Biot模型和BISQ模型的双相各向同性和各向异性方程,实现了任意高阶有限差分方法的双相介质波场模拟,利用模拟结果分析了双相介质中波场特征及传播规律;基于Zoeppritz方程和双相介质分界面的反射系数和透射系数方程组,研究了任意入射角时双相介质与双相介质,单相介质与双相介质反射与透射特征。研究了双相介质自激自收时的简化方程,分析频率对反射与透射系数的影响;利用非线性混沌的遍历性、随机性、规律性的特点,开发了高效的最优化混沌改进算法程序,利用混沌优化改进算法,从理论上实现并简化了双相介质的AVO反演,利用混沌算法实现并简化了双相介质理论下的储层渗透率、孔隙度的反演;利用BISQ模型讨论了快、慢波衰减特征、速度频散、弹性参数间的关系,导出了基于双相介质理论的含气性预测方法。
最后,形成了一套系统的基于双相介质理论的波场模拟、波场分析、含气性检测及储层参数非线性反演的等方法技术系列,将研究成果进行了实际地震资料的应用处理,并取得了较好的应用效果。
The two-phase medium theory can adequately account for the structure of medium, and the particularity of fluid and the effect relation between local and integral, So implement two-phase medium theory can accurately describe the structure of stratum and it's property., it can well adapt to the necessary for the more and more complex oil-gas reservoir exploration situation, the two-phase medium theory has been one of advanced and difficult geophysics research problems now. Chaos is an universal nonlinear phenomenon with stochastic property, ergodic property and regular property, whose ergodicity can be used as a kind of mechanism for optimization to effectively avoid the search being trapped in local optimum, so that chaos has been a novel and promising tool for global optimization. Chaos nonlinear inversion method is a good way for the complex two-phase medium reservoir.
In this paper, I have built the geophysical reservoir model by considering the physical properties of rocks in the west of Sichuan area after studying new techniques and methods of two-phase medium theory and studying the propagation feature of waves in two-phase medium. I have forwarded wave field of isotropic and anisotropic medium separately based on the Biot and BISQ two-phase medium model equation, and then analyzed the propagation law and property of these seismic waves by using forward results. I have studied the law and property of reflection and transmission on the interface of two two-phase when the angle of incidence of the seismic wave is random and 90 degree based on Zoeppritz equation and reflection and transmission equation of two-phase medium, and discussed the simple expressions for normal incidence reflection coefficients form an interface between porous medium and then analyzed effects that frequency to reflection and transmission coefficients on this situation. Later, with stochastic property and ergodic property and regular property of chaos I have finished high effects chaos optimum algorithm. And realized the AVO inversion base on two-phase medium theory by using this chaos algorithm, according to the chaos research results, implemented the two-phase medium reservoir parameter inversion to get the porosity and permeability of reservoir. I have discussed the relation among attenuation property and velocity dispersive and elastic parameter of the fast and slow P wave based on the BISQ model, and then educed the bearing gas prediction method of the two-phase medium reservoir.
Finally, I established systemically the series methods and technologies for bearing gas detection and nonlinear parameters inversions and wave field forward and wave field analysis based on two-phase medium theory to reservoir, it showed the better effect applying of the study results to the seismic data.
引文
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