服务企业顾客关系管理研究
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摘要
面对全球经济一体化、市场经济加速发展、顾客需求多变的趋势,众多服务企业日益感受到市场竞争的激烈与残酷。特别是我国的服务企业,其总体发展水平和服务营销观念远不能适应国际市场竞争的要求,与对外开放及与国际市场接轨的发展战略也相差甚远。服务企业的成功需要保持与顾客的良好关系,并创造顾客所需要的价值。为此,服务企业需要进行顾客关系进行管理,开拓、培育和维持与顾客的良好关系,使目标顾客与企业维持长期稳定关系,从而赢得竞争优势和长期利润。
     本文围绕企业如何建立和发展顾客关系构架,对顾客关系管理进行了研究。
     首先,本文系统分析了服务及服务企业的特征;然后对服务企业顾客关系进行分析,说明了顾客关系的本质;分析了良好顾客关系的作用与特征,并对顾客关系管理思想的起源和含义进行了研究。
     其次,本文研究了顾客关系管理的核心——顾客满意,分析了顾客满意在顾客关系管理中的作用及其影响因素;然后分析了实现顾客满意的根本途径——顾客价值。
     第三,本文分析了顾客关系的建立过程:通过顾客细分、顾客选择确定目标顾客群;然后分析了顾客消费动机,研究了顾客关系的建立。
     第四,本文对顾客关系的发展进行了分析,从顾客关系发展的“远”度和“深”度两个维度进行顾客关系管理,以推进顾客关系发展。
     最后,通过对顾客关系发展过程阶段性特点进行分析,建立了顾客关系发展马尔柯夫过程模型,并根据马尔柯夫过程模型建立了顾客关系生命周期价值函数,以指导服务企业针对关系的阶段性特征进行有效的顾客关系管理,并在顾客价值和企业价值之间进行合理平衡,实现顾客和企业双赢
With the trend of the integration of world economy,rapid development of free market and the customer demand diversified and changing,many service enterprises feel the intensification and mercifessness of market competition.Especially in China,service enterprises's total development and services marketing ideas lag behind the demand of the international market copetition,and far less than the development strategy demand of the opening-up policy and the connection to the international market.Hence, they need to maintain good relationship with them,and creative the value for customers.To maintain good long-term customer relationship and therefore earn competitive advantage and long-term profits,service enterprises need manage customer relationship to construct and develop good customer relationship.
    At first,the paper analyzed the the relationship between enterprises and customers,and then pointed out the object of CRM-building and developing the relationship.
    At second, the author pointed out the necessity of customer satisfaction,for which enterprises must offer enough value to customers.
    At third, the author analyzed the process of customer relationship trough chiocing objective customers and analyzing their needs.
    At forth,the author analyzed the developing of customer relationship.enterprises can develop customer relationship from two sides.
    At last, the author analyzed the characterristics of the whole progress of customer relationship developing,established the Markov process model of the customer relationship and obtained the function of Custeomer Lifetime Value(CLV) which is helpful for CRM to realize the prifits of the both.
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