等离子表面高速钢机用锯条渗碳及热处理工艺研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
机用锯条有高速钢和双金属锯条两种,但存在消耗合金元素,碳化物分布不均匀,冶金困难和工艺复杂等问题。利用双层辉光渗金属技术形成的表面冶金高速钢可以解决上述问题。双辉离子渗金属技术可以在钢件表面形成不同含量的合金层,达到高速钢的成分。通过淬火回火热处理,使表面达到良好的综合机械性能。本研究用20Cr_2V_2机用锯条坯材作为试样进行渗金属后渗碳的热处理,再进行工艺和性能的研究,为表面高速钢机用锯条的工业化推广进行有益的探索。
     研究选用6片同种工艺下的渗金属试样进行随后的渗碳和淬回火热处理。用三种碳势、两种淬火方式、三种淬火温度、五种回火温度得出不同含碳量、不同淬火工艺、不同淬火温度的回火曲线。比较不同组合工艺下的回火性能,包括不同含碳量同一淬火温度的回火硬度,相同含碳量不同淬火温度的回火硬度。用金相和XRD进行组织结构的分析;对纯铁、硬度粗糙度不同的机用锯条、高速钢试样进行1250N 2小时的磨损性能研究;对550℃回火后试样进行不同接触压力下耐磨性能研究。
    
    太原理工大学硕士论文
     研究结果表明:利用双层辉光离子渗金属可在ZoCrZVZ机用
    锯条表面形成厚度30 pm一150 pm的W一Mo共渗层,表面合金含
    量约20%的扩散层,是一种结构性梯度材料。渗碳后的表层随
    碳势的不同而有不同的含碳量,高于定比碳一定浓度的碳势不
    会在表面形成网状碳化物。在不同碳势同一淬火温度的回火后
    硬度的影响中,硬度随碳势的增加而增加,分级淬火后的硬度
    由于淬火方式的影响使得在三种碳势下回火硬度较低。在不同
    淬火温度同一碳势的回火硬度的曲线中,0.70/0碳势下油淬的硬
    度随淬火温度升高而增加,有明显的二次硬化现象。随着碳势
    的增加,温度对淬火后硬度的影响更加明显,1200℃油淬后
    1.35t/0碳势的硬度达到最高,而且比1100℃、1150℃的硬度值
    高很多。
     磨损试验显示硬度和表面粗糙度对磨损的影响是主要的,
    本实验中,硬度高,表面光滑,则磨损量小。磨损量由表面粗
    糙度和硬度综合决定。表面冶金高速钢与高速钢W6Mo5Cr4VZ相
    比,其硬度值越接近,磨损量越相似。硬度相同,表面粗糙度
    大的表面高速钢摩擦系数稍大。摩擦系数大的原因是由于润滑
    条件下的微切削造成的。硬度值越高,表面越粗糙,微切削越
    难,摩擦系数越大。磨痕表面形貌在高硬度时为分散的犁沟状,
    低硬度时由于微切削容易进行,犁沟连接在一起形成边缘连续
    
     太原理工大学硕士论文
    的磨面。
     结构决定性能,物质宏观的性能归根到底是由其微观结构
    决定的。合金价电子理论是材料研究的新方法,用其进行组织
    和结构的分析可以较好地解释微观结构的变化。
Power hacksaw blade is made of high-speed steel and bi-metalic metals. However, the high-speed steel consumes a great deal of alloying elements and the bi-metalic saw has difficulties in alloying and complexities in the processes. The above problem can be solved by surface alloying high-speed steel which is made from Double Glow Plasma Surface Alloying Technique. By using DGPSAT, the alloy layer with special physical, chemical and mechanical performance can be obtained on the surface of metallic materials. Moreover,
    
    
    
    the content of alloying metals in the surface can approach that of high-speed steel. After quenching and tempering, a good comprehensive mechanical properties can be achieved. In these experiments, power hacksaw blade 20Cr2V2 actes as the sample to have heat treatment after metal alloying and carborizing. Then engage in the research of technologies and performance. All these work are expected to explore the industrializing application of the surface high-speed steel power hacksaw blade.
    Six blocks in the same metal-alloying process are treated in different carbon potentials, different quenching temperatures and different tempering temperatures. Three carbon potentials, two quenching methods, three quenching temperatures, five tempering temperatures can finally lead to different tempering curves. From these curves, we can
    compare the different tempering performance to each other. The comparative involved the different carbon content's tempering hardness on the same quenching temperature process and the different quenching temperature process on the same carbon contents. The metallograph and X-ray
    
    
    
    diffraction method were used to analyze structures. Then wear testing are used to compare the different samples after quenching and tempering in 550 ℃ and the sample of high-speed steel during 2 hours and under 1250N.
    The results indicate that the depth of alloying layer are between 30μ m and 150μm on the surface of blade 20Cr2V2.f he surface material's alloying content is between 10% and 40% by DGPSAT. The carborizing surface has different carbon contents with different Carbon potentials. The carbon potential which is higher than the balance carbon principle is not easy to come into being network carbide. The different influences in the different carbon potentials of a fixed quenching temperature are that the higher is the quenching temperature ,the higher is the quench's tempering hardness. The interrupted quenching's hardness curves are a little lower
    than the oil quenching's hardness in three carbon potentials. The different influences in the different quenching temperatures of a fixed carbon potential is that, the hardness of oil quench in 0.7% carbon potential is rising with temperature, there is obvious secondary hardening in 0.7%
    
    
    
    carbon poential. With the carbon potential's rising, the temperature's influence is more crutial, so the hardness after 1200 ℃ oil quench in the 1.35% potential is highest The gap between oil quench and interrupted quenching is obvious. The influence of quenching method on hardness after tempering is due to alloying carbide's amount. The amount in interrupted quenching is big, so it can delay Martensite's transformation.
    The wear and tear test shows that the material hardness and surface condition have a crucial influence on the wear performance. In this wear experiment, the higher is the hardness and the more smooth is the surface , the smaller is the wear quantity. Wear quantity is decided by the surface and the hardness. Comparing the surface alloy's high-speed steel to WeMo5Cr4V21 the more similar is the hardness, the
    more similar is the wear quantity. In the same hardness, the more rougher is the surface, the biger is the cof The biger cof is owing to the micro cutting under the condition of oiling. The higher hardness and rougher surface lead to a hard micro
    cutting , so the cof is big. The surface in the higher hardness
    
    
    
    is separate cut, but the surface in the lower hardness is an area owing to a lot of cuts gather
引文
1.徐滨士,梁秀兵 先进表面工程及其在再制造中的应用 徐重 高原 现代表面工程技术 太原 2002(1)
    2.现代制造科学之21世纪的再制造工程技术及理论研究 机械工程科学前沿及优先领域研讨会 广州 国家自然科学委员会,1999:63-67
    3.徐重 等离子表面冶金技术的现状与发展 中国工程科学 2002 4(2):36-40
    4.高原,贺志勇,赵晋香 etc.20CrV钢机用锯条齿部表面强化组织的研究 材料科学与工艺 1995(9):62-64
    5.贺志勇,高原,赵晋香 etc.离子渗金属机用锯条的研究 热加工工艺 1994(1):29-30
    6.菅井秀郎 等离子体电子工程学 科学出版社 2002
    7.赵文轸 材料表面工程导论 西安西安交通大学 1998:122-123
    8.徐重,苏永安,高原 etc.双层辉光离子渗金属技术的现状和展望 第七次全国热处理大会专辑
    9.徐重,王振民,古凤英 etc.双层辉光离子渗金属技术 金属热处理学报 1982(6):71-83
    10.徐重,王振民,范本惠 etc.离子氮化装置中的双层辉光放电现象及其放电特性的研究 太原工学院学报 1981(1):76-89
    11. Xu Zhong A Novel Plasma Surface Metallurgy: Xu-Tec Process Metallurgical cootings and Thin Films 1990(2)
    12. Xu Zhong, Gu. FY New Development in Ion Surface Alloying Proceedings 1986(3)
    13. Xu Zhong U.S. Patent No. 4,525,268
    14. Xu Zhong U.S. Patent No. 4,5731,539
    
    
    15. Xu Zhong U. S. Patent No. 2, 159, 602
    16. Xu Zhong U. S. Patent No. 1, 212, 486
    17. Xu Zhong U. S. Patent No. 580. 734
    18. Xu Zhong U. S. Patent No. 8, 500, 364-8
    19.徐重 中国专利 871043580
    20.徐重 中国专利 87104626.1
    21.徐重 双层辉光离子渗金属技术的发展,现状和展望 表面工程杂志 1997(1):4-11
    22.张旭 北京科技大学博士论文 双层辉光离子渗优质镊基耐蚀合金及渗层成分控制的研究 北京 北京图书馆 1999
    23.李忠厚 刘小平 徐重 在双层辉光离子渗金属中空位浓度梯度对扩散的影响 应用科学学报
    24.贺志勇,双层辉光离子镍铬共渗最佳工艺参数的研究 金属热处理学报 1990(3):64-73
    25. Karlsson L. Non-equilibrium grain boundary segreation of boron in austenitic stainless steel-Ⅲ computer simulations [J]. Acta Metall, 1988 36:13-23
    26.王从曾 唐宾 苏永安 etc.不等电位空心阴极离子渗金属工艺特性及其应用 金属热处理学报 1991(3):43-50
    27.高原,贺志勇,黄旭 etc.空心阴极放电及其在辉光离子渗金属中的应用 热加工工艺 1991(6)
    28.高原 双层辉光离子渗入机理的研究 真空 1993(2):16-18
    29.李成明 离子钨钼共渗的扩散机制 中国有色金属学报 2000(2):185-188
    30. FaulknerR G. Impurity diffusion constants and vacancy-impurity binding energies in solids [or]. Mater SciTech 1985 1: 442-447
    
    
    31.张跃飞 纯铜双层辉光离子渗钛及渗工艺和性能的研究 [学位论文] 太原 太原理工大学 2002
    32.范爱兰 钛合金表面Mo基渗镀层电化学腐蚀性能初探 徐重,高原 现代表面工程技术 太原 2002:223-228
    33.李成明,徐重,谢锡善 离子渗金属技术现状 太原理工大学学报 1997(1):1-7
    34.潘俊德 加弧辉光离子渗镀技术的现状与发展[J] 太原理工大学学报 2000,31(增刊):69-71
    35.潘俊德 加弧辉光离子渗镀技术新进展 徐重,高原 现代表面工程技术 太原 2002:155-158
    36.张高会,张平则,潘俊德 钛及钛合金的几种无氢渗碳方法 徐重,高原 现代表面工程技术 太原 2002:95-97
    37.张平则,张高会,徐重 阻燃钛合金研究现状与发展 徐重,高原 现代表面工程技术 太原 2002:96-102
    38. Boitchokov B, Zaharidova J. Diffusion coeffient of silicon in glow discharge silicon alloying [A]. 5th Inter Congress on Heat Treatment of Material[C]. Budapest, Hungary, 1986 V3:1366-1370
    39.曾耀新 离子化学热处理 中国表面工程 2000(1):15-17
    40.谢善骁,朱霞云译 渗碳和碳氮共渗 国防工业出版社 1982:1-4
    41. R. Collin, S. Gunnarson and D. Thulin, Influence of Reaction Rate on Gas Carburizing of Steel in a CO-H_2-CO_2-H_2O-CH_4-N_2 Atmosphere, Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1972, Vol 201(10): 777-784
    42. Brobst R. P. and Krauss G. The effect of austenite grain size on microcracking in martensite of an Fe-1.22C alloy. Metallurgical Transactions. Feb. 1974, Vol. 5
    
    
    43.赵文轸 等离子渗碳技术的国外进展 中国表面工程 1998(2):5-8
    44.雷廷权,傅家骐 热处理工艺方法300种 中国农业机械出版社 北京机械工业出版社 1982:100-128
    45.钟士红 钢的回火工艺和回火方程 北京 机械工业出版社 1993:3-12,13-20
    46.磨损失效分析案例编委会 磨损失效分析案例汇集 北京 机械工业出版社 磨损失效分析案例编委会 1985:1-2
    47.李建民 磨损金属学 冶金工业出版社 1990
    48.邓玉昆,陈景榕,王世章 高速工具钢 北京 冶金工业出版社 2002:25-27
    49.郭耕三 高速钢及其热处理 北京机械工业出版社 1985:45
    50.王万智,门楚瀛译 显微组织对表面渗碳零件性能的影响 北京 中国铁道出版社 1985:31-40
    51.崔忠圻 金属学与热处理 机械工业出版社 北京机械工业出版社 1997:223
    52.刘志林,李志林,刘伟东 界面电子结构与界面性能 北京科学出版社 2002:1-10
    53.余瑞璜 科学通报 1978 23(4):217
    54. Cheng Kaijia Progress in natural science 19933(3): 211
    55. Cheng Kaijia and Cheng Shuyu. Progress in natural science 1996 6(1): 1-3
    56.刘志林.合金价电子结构与成分设计 长春 吉林科学技术出版社 1990
    57. Liu zhilin, Li zhilin and Sun Zhenguo Chinese science bulletin 1996 41(5): 367
    58. Liu zhilin, Li zhilin and Sun Zhenguo Chinese journal of
    
    mechanical engineering 1996(2)
    59.杨瑞成 高速钢马氏体回火特性的合金价电子结构分析 甘肃工业大学学报 1996(9):37-39
    60.杜洁海,张振宇,何丽桥 合金价电子结构对回火转变的影响 1995(2):37-41
    61.徐江,董建新,谢锡善 etc.双层辉光离子多元共渗中的源极变化 中国有色金属学报 2002(4):327-329
    62.李成明,田林海,徐重 etc.双层辉光离子渗金属中合金供给源的研究材料科学与工艺 1998(4):109-111
    63.范本惠,徐重,郑维能 etc.双层辉光离子渗铬的研究 金属热处理 1987(2):3-6

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700