直流牵引供电系统中杂散电流防护方案研究与设计
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摘要
近年来，随着我国城市轨道交通事业的蓬勃发展，直流牵引供电系统中杂散电流对主体结构钢筋及其它金属结构的电化学腐蚀问题越来越引起社会的广泛关注。对直流牵引供电系统中杂散电流的特性、分布与防护进行理论与仿真分析，可以总结出杂散电流防护的一般性原则和方法，并可结合工程实际，为杂散电流防护设计、施工及运营提供合理的依据，采取切实可行的防护方案，确保工程长期安全、可靠地运行。
本文讨论了杂散电流产生及对结构钢筋和金属管线的腐蚀机理，对走行轨回流的直流牵引供电系统杂散电流的特性及分布进行了分析和仿真，提出了影响杂散电流的各个参数与杂散电流大小及分布的关系和具体防护措施，并结合大连市快速轨道交通3号线工程进行了杂散电流防护设计和具体实施。第一章，简要介绍了杂散电流研究在城市轨道交通中的重要性及现状。第二章，介绍了杂散电流对金属结构的腐蚀机理，对典型的直流牵引供电系统建立了数学模型，在此基础上进行了理论推导和仿真分析，得出了有无排流网设置、是否排流情况下单边供电方式和双边供电方式中杂散电流的分布规律。第三章，具体分析了供电臂长度、回流走行轨纵向电阻、回流走行轨对地的过渡电阻、机车负荷大小、排流网纵向电阻以及是否排流对城市轨道交通系统杂散电流分布及大小的影响，提出了工程设计中对城市轨道交通系统主体结构钢筋和邻近城市轨道交通的地下金属结构杂散电流防护应采取的各种有效措施。第四章，结合工程实例，介绍了大连市快速轨道交通3号线工程杂散电流防护的仿真分析、具体实施和效果评价。应用实例表明，杂散电流仿真分析为工程实施提供了尽可能合适的设计方案，具有较明显的经济效益和社会效益。
With the rapid development of urban mass transit system, more and more attentions are paid to the problem of metal structure corrosion from stray current of DC traction power supply system. Stray current protection method can be developed by carrying out theoretical analysis and digital simulation of stray current. Suitable criteria for stray current protection designing, construction and operation that can insure long-term safety and reliability can also be found by theoretical analysis and digital simulation.
In this paper a further discussion of the causes of stray current in DC traction power supply system and the corrosion mechanism of stray current to steel structure and metal pipeline is presented. Based on the digital simulation of DC traction power supply system, the properties and distribution of stray current are discussed in detail. By analyzing the influence of various parameters on stray current, methods to control stray current are proposed. The method proposed has applied in the stray current protection designing in Dalian rapid railway line 3. Chapter one is a brief introduction to the importance and present situation of stray current protection in urban mass transit system. The stray current corrosion mechanism to metal structure is introduced and mathematical model of typical DC traction power supply system is constructed in chapter two, on the basis of theoretical analysis and digital simulation analysis, the characteristics and distribution of stray current are obtained in one-way feeding and t
wo-way feeding power supply system. The impacts of parameters, including length of feeding section, resistance per unit length of running rails, resistance per unit length of running rails/earth, traction load, resistance per unit length of the metallic-conductive interconnected structure and existence of drainage, on stray current are analyzed in detail in chapter three, effective methods of stray current protection in engineering designing are given. In chapter four, simulation analysis, implementation and the evaluation of Dalian rapid railway line 3 are introduced. It is found that the simulation analysis of stray current can
provide a proper design than others, so it holds far more distinctive economic and social benefits.
本文讨论了杂散电流产生及对结构钢筋和金属管线的腐蚀机理，对走行轨回流的直流牵引供电系统杂散电流的特性及分布进行了分析和仿真，提出了影响杂散电流的各个参数与杂散电流大小及分布的关系和具体防护措施，并结合大连市快速轨道交通3号线工程进行了杂散电流防护设计和具体实施。第一章，简要介绍了杂散电流研究在城市轨道交通中的重要性及现状。第二章，介绍了杂散电流对金属结构的腐蚀机理，对典型的直流牵引供电系统建立了数学模型，在此基础上进行了理论推导和仿真分析，得出了有无排流网设置、是否排流情况下单边供电方式和双边供电方式中杂散电流的分布规律。第三章，具体分析了供电臂长度、回流走行轨纵向电阻、回流走行轨对地的过渡电阻、机车负荷大小、排流网纵向电阻以及是否排流对城市轨道交通系统杂散电流分布及大小的影响，提出了工程设计中对城市轨道交通系统主体结构钢筋和邻近城市轨道交通的地下金属结构杂散电流防护应采取的各种有效措施。第四章，结合工程实例，介绍了大连市快速轨道交通3号线工程杂散电流防护的仿真分析、具体实施和效果评价。应用实例表明，杂散电流仿真分析为工程实施提供了尽可能合适的设计方案，具有较明显的经济效益和社会效益。
With the rapid development of urban mass transit system, more and more attentions are paid to the problem of metal structure corrosion from stray current of DC traction power supply system. Stray current protection method can be developed by carrying out theoretical analysis and digital simulation of stray current. Suitable criteria for stray current protection designing, construction and operation that can insure long-term safety and reliability can also be found by theoretical analysis and digital simulation.
In this paper a further discussion of the causes of stray current in DC traction power supply system and the corrosion mechanism of stray current to steel structure and metal pipeline is presented. Based on the digital simulation of DC traction power supply system, the properties and distribution of stray current are discussed in detail. By analyzing the influence of various parameters on stray current, methods to control stray current are proposed. The method proposed has applied in the stray current protection designing in Dalian rapid railway line 3. Chapter one is a brief introduction to the importance and present situation of stray current protection in urban mass transit system. The stray current corrosion mechanism to metal structure is introduced and mathematical model of typical DC traction power supply system is constructed in chapter two, on the basis of theoretical analysis and digital simulation analysis, the characteristics and distribution of stray current are obtained in one-way feeding and t
wo-way feeding power supply system. The impacts of parameters, including length of feeding section, resistance per unit length of running rails, resistance per unit length of running rails/earth, traction load, resistance per unit length of the metallic-conductive interconnected structure and existence of drainage, on stray current are analyzed in detail in chapter three, effective methods of stray current protection in engineering designing are given. In chapter four, simulation analysis, implementation and the evaluation of Dalian rapid railway line 3 are introduced. It is found that the simulation analysis of stray current can
provide a proper design than others, so it holds far more distinctive economic and social benefits.
引文
1．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护技术规程(CJJ 49-92)[M]．北京．中国计划出版社．1993
2．张兴昭．直流牵引供电系统中的迷流分布浅析[J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
3. Reduction of the Corrosion Danger due to Stray Currents in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Return Current Via Running Rails-Provisions and Bases for Calculation [M]. VDV501/1. 1993
4．贾俊波，简克良，曾欣荣．城市地下铁道中杂散电流的产生及其抑制[J]．迈向新世纪的高校电力科技．教学研究及其它；1325～1328
5. Railway applications-Fixed installations. Part 2:Protective provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by d.c. traction systems [M]. EUROPEAN STANDARD. EN 50122-2. 1998
6．王立天，高继．地铁及轻轨系统迷流防腐蚀控制设计方法及体会[J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
7．上海城市轨道交通明珠线一期工程杂散电流防护腐蚀评估[M]．电气化勘测设计研究院．2000
8．李威．应用于地铁系统中的新型智能排流装置[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001年第3期
9．高敬宇，易凡．地铁及轻轨杂散电流腐蚀的防护[J]．天津理工学院学报，1996，12 (1)：32～36．
10．周晓军，高波．地铁迷流对钢筋混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的试验研究[J]．铁道学报．1999年第21卷第5期Vol．21 No．5
11. Thomas J. Barlo, Alan D. Zdunek. Stray Current Corrosion in Electrified Rail Systems--Final Report. 1995 http://www.iti.northwestern.edu/research/a_projects/stray2.html
12．胡士信．阴极保护工程手册[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1999
13．李如霜，聂维田．地铁杂散电流及其防护 [J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
14．曹楚南．腐蚀电化学[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1995：3～19．
15．W．V．贝克曼．阴极保护手册．胡士信译．北京：人民邮电出版社，1990
16．谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社，1993
17．王世同，李强等．Visual C++6.0编程基础．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
18．张智星．MATLAB程序设计与应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
19．李威．地铁轨地过渡电阻及走行轨阻抗在线测量．中国矿业大学学报．2001年 第30卷 第4期 Vol．31 No．4
20．胡斌．地铁迷流及上海地铁的迷流防护措施[J]．电世界，1994，(3)：2～4．
21．周晓军．地铁杂散电流分布及其对砼衬砌耐久性的影响[J]．西部探矿工程，1999，11 (6)：31-39
22．赵煜，李威．广州地铁杂散电流实时监测系统设计及应用[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001．1，63-65
23．地下铁道设计规范(GB 50157-92)[M]．北京．中国计划出版社．1999
24．地铁直流牵引供电系统(GB 10411-89)[M]．北京．中国计划出版社．1989
25. Reduction of Danger of Stray Current Corrosion in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Current Return Via Running Rail -Computer Model [M]. VDV501/3. 1995
26. Reduction of the Corrosion Danger due to Stray Current in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Return Current Via Running Rails -Measuring Methods [M]. VDVSO1/2. 1995
27．易友祥．一种积极有效的地铁杂散电流防护方案[J]．天津理工学院学报，1995，11 (2)：1～5．
28．汪园园，杂散电流“源处理”方法的研究与探讨[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001．1，42-45
29. LI Wei, YAN Xu, Research on Integrated Monitoring and Prevention System for Stray Current in Metro[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2001, Vol. 11No. 2
30．王立天，俞思杰译．土耳其安卡拉轻轨运输系统接地及回流概念．天津：电气化勘测设计研究院，1994
31．马洪儒．北京地下铁道的杂散电流腐蚀与防护[J]．城市轨道交通，1990，(1)：11～19．
32．施仲衡，地下铁道设计与施工[M]．陕西科学技术出版社，1997
33．张永健．地铁杂散电流及腐蚀防护问题[J]．供用电，1996，(4)：35～37．
34．梁成浩，王杰，蒋晔良．杂散电流腐蚀与防护[J]．化工腐蚀与防护，1994，(1)：4～8．
35．朱孝信．地铁的杂散电流腐蚀与防治[J]．材料开发与应用，1997，12 (5)：40-47
36．广州市地下铁道二号线首期工程 第二十二篇 第六章 牵引供电．铁道第二勘察设计院．成都．2001
2．张兴昭．直流牵引供电系统中的迷流分布浅析[J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
3. Reduction of the Corrosion Danger due to Stray Currents in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Return Current Via Running Rails-Provisions and Bases for Calculation [M]. VDV501/1. 1993
4．贾俊波，简克良，曾欣荣．城市地下铁道中杂散电流的产生及其抑制[J]．迈向新世纪的高校电力科技．教学研究及其它；1325～1328
5. Railway applications-Fixed installations. Part 2:Protective provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by d.c. traction systems [M]. EUROPEAN STANDARD. EN 50122-2. 1998
6．王立天，高继．地铁及轻轨系统迷流防腐蚀控制设计方法及体会[J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
7．上海城市轨道交通明珠线一期工程杂散电流防护腐蚀评估[M]．电气化勘测设计研究院．2000
8．李威．应用于地铁系统中的新型智能排流装置[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001年第3期
9．高敬宇，易凡．地铁及轻轨杂散电流腐蚀的防护[J]．天津理工学院学报，1996，12 (1)：32～36．
10．周晓军，高波．地铁迷流对钢筋混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的试验研究[J]．铁道学报．1999年第21卷第5期Vol．21 No．5
11. Thomas J. Barlo, Alan D. Zdunek. Stray Current Corrosion in Electrified Rail Systems--Final Report. 1995 http://www.iti.northwestern.edu/research/a_projects/stray2.html
12．胡士信．阴极保护工程手册[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1999
13．李如霜，聂维田．地铁杂散电流及其防护 [J]．地铁杂散电流腐蚀防护研讨会论文集．天津．1994
14．曹楚南．腐蚀电化学[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1995：3～19．
15．W．V．贝克曼．阴极保护手册．胡士信译．北京：人民邮电出版社，1990
16．谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社，1993
17．王世同，李强等．Visual C++6.0编程基础．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
18．张智星．MATLAB程序设计与应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
19．李威．地铁轨地过渡电阻及走行轨阻抗在线测量．中国矿业大学学报．2001年 第30卷 第4期 Vol．31 No．4
20．胡斌．地铁迷流及上海地铁的迷流防护措施[J]．电世界，1994，(3)：2～4．
21．周晓军．地铁杂散电流分布及其对砼衬砌耐久性的影响[J]．西部探矿工程，1999，11 (6)：31-39
22．赵煜，李威．广州地铁杂散电流实时监测系统设计及应用[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001．1，63-65
23．地下铁道设计规范(GB 50157-92)[M]．北京．中国计划出版社．1999
24．地铁直流牵引供电系统(GB 10411-89)[M]．北京．中国计划出版社．1989
25. Reduction of Danger of Stray Current Corrosion in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Current Return Via Running Rail -Computer Model [M]. VDV501/3. 1995
26. Reduction of the Corrosion Danger due to Stray Current in Tunnels of DC Traction Systems with Return Current Via Running Rails -Measuring Methods [M]. VDVSO1/2. 1995
27．易友祥．一种积极有效的地铁杂散电流防护方案[J]．天津理工学院学报，1995，11 (2)：1～5．
28．汪园园，杂散电流“源处理”方法的研究与探讨[J]．城市轨道交通研究．2001．1，42-45
29. LI Wei, YAN Xu, Research on Integrated Monitoring and Prevention System for Stray Current in Metro[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2001, Vol. 11No. 2
30．王立天，俞思杰译．土耳其安卡拉轻轨运输系统接地及回流概念．天津：电气化勘测设计研究院，1994
31．马洪儒．北京地下铁道的杂散电流腐蚀与防护[J]．城市轨道交通，1990，(1)：11～19．
32．施仲衡，地下铁道设计与施工[M]．陕西科学技术出版社，1997
33．张永健．地铁杂散电流及腐蚀防护问题[J]．供用电，1996，(4)：35～37．
34．梁成浩，王杰，蒋晔良．杂散电流腐蚀与防护[J]．化工腐蚀与防护，1994，(1)：4～8．
35．朱孝信．地铁的杂散电流腐蚀与防治[J]．材料开发与应用，1997，12 (5)：40-47
36．广州市地下铁道二号线首期工程 第二十二篇 第六章 牵引供电．铁道第二勘察设计院．成都．2001