机器油液微流控检测技术研究
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摘要
油液分析是对机械设备的润滑和液压传动状态进行监测的重要手段,能有效的诊断机械设备的磨损故障和监测油液使用中性能的变化。本文从满足机械设备状态监测和故障诊断的需要出发,借助微机电系统技术和图像测量技术,发展了基于微流控芯片的油液检测系统,不仅能在实验室中实现机器油液的快速、简便和综合分析,而且具有实现油液在线监测的潜力。论文对芯片设计和加工、油液—颗粒的微管道流动理论、油液—颗粒微流动成像模型、运动颗粒图像分析、颗粒分离检测和油液粘度测量技术进行了研究。主要内容如下:
1分析和总结了目前国内外机器油液在线和离线两方面的检测技术的发展状况和趋势,以及微流控技术的进展,提出了微流控技术应用于油液分析的思想,分析了微流控技术和图像检测技术在油液分析中应用的优势和前景。
2介绍了油液检测微流控芯片的特点和加工过程,设计了气力驱动的芯片检测综合伺服系统和动态目标显微数字成像的观测方法。
3进行了芯片微管道内油液及颗粒运动的理论分析,并发展了数字粒子图像测速技术,对微管道内的流场进行了实验测量。
4建立了显微镜下油液中运动颗粒的数字成像模型,分析了显微镜、摄像机、微流控检测芯片的参数以及油液流速对颗粒成像的影响,构成了研究微流动颗粒图像处理方法的基础。
5对微流动颗粒图像的特征进行了总结,根据颗粒的运动特性发展了基于基准帧差分的目标提取方法,以运动模糊模型为基础讨论了颗粒目标的模糊恢复以及参数测量与识别的问题,对于严重退化的油液颗粒图像,以磨损颗粒图谱库为基础进行了模拟,研究了各参数在图像严重退化条件下的变化特性,建立了图像严重退化条件下的磨粒分类和识别体系。
6对微流动条件下油液和颗粒的控制技术进行了研究,探讨了污染颗粒在磁场和流场的作用下的运动规律,设计了油液污染物综合检测微流控芯片,提出了根据不同观测点图像集计算污染度、铁磁性颗粒和非铁磁性颗粒各具体分类下的浓度的方法;分析了微管道内两相层流的运动参数和油液粘度的关系,并进行了初步实验。
7解决了油液污染物综合分析系统实用化中的几个关键问题,介绍了软件系统的结构,并同传统仪器进行了对比实验。
Oil analysis is the important means for monitoring the lubrication and hydraulic transmission condition of machinery equipment, which can effectively diagnose abrasion faults and monitor variability of oil performance of machinery equipments during using. For the requiements of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the machinery equipments and by dint of technologies of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems and image measurement, the oil microfluidic detection system is developed in the thesis, which not only can realize the rapid, simple and integrated analysis, but also has the potential ability of on-line oil monitoring. The research involves the study on the design and machining of chips, motion theory of oil-particle in microchannel, microflow imaging model of oil-particle, moving particle image analysis, particles seperation detetion and oil viscosity measurement. The main contents are listed as follows.
1 Analyzing and summarizing national and foreign machinery oil detection technology developing condition including off-line and on-line systems, and the development of micro-fluidic technology. The idea of applying microfluidic technology to oil analysis is put forward, and the advantages and foreground of application of microfluidic technology and image technique in oil analysis are analyzed.
2 Introducing the characteristics and machining process of oil detection microfluidic chip, and designing the chip dection pneumatic driving intergrating servo system and observing means.
3 The theoretical analysis about oil and particle movement in detection chip’s microchannel is carried out, and digital particle image velocity technology is delepoved for measurement of microchannel flow field.
4 Establishing microscopical digital imaging model of moving particle in oil, and analyzing affection of various parameters of microscope, vidicon, microfluidic detection chip and oil speed to particle imaging, which construts the foundation of study on the image process methods of micro-flow particle.
5 Summarizing the characteristics of images of micro-flow particles, and according as the moving characteristics of particles developing the object extraction methods based on reference frame, and based on the motion-blurred model discussing the problems of restoration of particle images, parameter measurement and type recognition. For the severely degraded oil images, simulating it based on standard debris atlas and studying the variability of various parameters of debrises in severely degraded image. At last constructing debris classfication and recognition system.
6 Studying the controlling technology of oil and particles in microflow. Exploring the motion principle of contamination particles affected by both magnetic field and oil flow, and designing oil contamination integrating detection microfluidic chip, and bringing forward the method of calculating oil contamination, ferromagnetic particle and non-ferromagnetic particle's concentrations under their particular classes according to the image gathers from defferent observation spot. Analyzing the relation between the motion parameter and viscosity of two-phase laminar flow, and carrying out the primary experiments.
7 Solving several important problems during the practical system development, and introducing the framework of software. Contrasting the system with conventional apparatuses by experiments.
1分析和总结了目前国内外机器油液在线和离线两方面的检测技术的发展状况和趋势,以及微流控技术的进展,提出了微流控技术应用于油液分析的思想,分析了微流控技术和图像检测技术在油液分析中应用的优势和前景。
2介绍了油液检测微流控芯片的特点和加工过程,设计了气力驱动的芯片检测综合伺服系统和动态目标显微数字成像的观测方法。
3进行了芯片微管道内油液及颗粒运动的理论分析,并发展了数字粒子图像测速技术,对微管道内的流场进行了实验测量。
4建立了显微镜下油液中运动颗粒的数字成像模型,分析了显微镜、摄像机、微流控检测芯片的参数以及油液流速对颗粒成像的影响,构成了研究微流动颗粒图像处理方法的基础。
5对微流动颗粒图像的特征进行了总结,根据颗粒的运动特性发展了基于基准帧差分的目标提取方法,以运动模糊模型为基础讨论了颗粒目标的模糊恢复以及参数测量与识别的问题,对于严重退化的油液颗粒图像,以磨损颗粒图谱库为基础进行了模拟,研究了各参数在图像严重退化条件下的变化特性,建立了图像严重退化条件下的磨粒分类和识别体系。
6对微流动条件下油液和颗粒的控制技术进行了研究,探讨了污染颗粒在磁场和流场的作用下的运动规律,设计了油液污染物综合检测微流控芯片,提出了根据不同观测点图像集计算污染度、铁磁性颗粒和非铁磁性颗粒各具体分类下的浓度的方法;分析了微管道内两相层流的运动参数和油液粘度的关系,并进行了初步实验。
7解决了油液污染物综合分析系统实用化中的几个关键问题,介绍了软件系统的结构,并同传统仪器进行了对比实验。
Oil analysis is the important means for monitoring the lubrication and hydraulic transmission condition of machinery equipment, which can effectively diagnose abrasion faults and monitor variability of oil performance of machinery equipments during using. For the requiements of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the machinery equipments and by dint of technologies of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems and image measurement, the oil microfluidic detection system is developed in the thesis, which not only can realize the rapid, simple and integrated analysis, but also has the potential ability of on-line oil monitoring. The research involves the study on the design and machining of chips, motion theory of oil-particle in microchannel, microflow imaging model of oil-particle, moving particle image analysis, particles seperation detetion and oil viscosity measurement. The main contents are listed as follows.
1 Analyzing and summarizing national and foreign machinery oil detection technology developing condition including off-line and on-line systems, and the development of micro-fluidic technology. The idea of applying microfluidic technology to oil analysis is put forward, and the advantages and foreground of application of microfluidic technology and image technique in oil analysis are analyzed.
2 Introducing the characteristics and machining process of oil detection microfluidic chip, and designing the chip dection pneumatic driving intergrating servo system and observing means.
3 The theoretical analysis about oil and particle movement in detection chip’s microchannel is carried out, and digital particle image velocity technology is delepoved for measurement of microchannel flow field.
4 Establishing microscopical digital imaging model of moving particle in oil, and analyzing affection of various parameters of microscope, vidicon, microfluidic detection chip and oil speed to particle imaging, which construts the foundation of study on the image process methods of micro-flow particle.
5 Summarizing the characteristics of images of micro-flow particles, and according as the moving characteristics of particles developing the object extraction methods based on reference frame, and based on the motion-blurred model discussing the problems of restoration of particle images, parameter measurement and type recognition. For the severely degraded oil images, simulating it based on standard debris atlas and studying the variability of various parameters of debrises in severely degraded image. At last constructing debris classfication and recognition system.
6 Studying the controlling technology of oil and particles in microflow. Exploring the motion principle of contamination particles affected by both magnetic field and oil flow, and designing oil contamination integrating detection microfluidic chip, and bringing forward the method of calculating oil contamination, ferromagnetic particle and non-ferromagnetic particle's concentrations under their particular classes according to the image gathers from defferent observation spot. Analyzing the relation between the motion parameter and viscosity of two-phase laminar flow, and carrying out the primary experiments.
7 Solving several important problems during the practical system development, and introducing the framework of software. Contrasting the system with conventional apparatuses by experiments.
引文
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