摘要
自然垄断产业规制改革问题是规制经济学领域最为活跃的研究课题之一,也是当前中国经济体制改革的热点问题。本论文对我国自然垄断产业规制改革问题进行了较为深入的探索。
首先,论文比较系统地阐述了自然垄断产业规制改革的基础理论。这包括对自然垄断理论与政府规制基本理论的概述。自然垄断及其理论的发展是20世纪70年代以来发达国家对自然垄断产业进行规制改革的基本理论依据。从自然垄断理论发展演变可知,规模经济性是自然垄断性存在的充分条件但不是必要条件。最新定义的自然垄断的特点是代表性企业成本函数的弱增性。自然垄断特性不是一成不变的,自然垄断可分为永久和暂时两种形态。并且自然垄断产业作为具体产业还具有一系列独特的经济技术特征。从自然垄断其身经济原理和技术特征出发,对自然垄断产业进行规制的必要性进行了探讨。
其次,在探讨了自然垄断产业规制的基础理论的基础上,论文描述了我国自然垄断产业规制的现状,接着分析了我国自然垄断产业规制存在的问题。然后,结合美国、英国、日本的规制现状的研究,与我国自然垄断产业规制现状进行了比较分析,以期达到对我国自然垄断产业规制实践有一个完整而清晰的认识。
再次,论文分析了自然垄断产业规制改革理论,主要侧重从规制失灵、规制俘虏理论、部分产业技术经济性质的变化三个方面分析了自然垄断产业规制改革的原因。接着通过对自然垄断产业规制改革活动比较典型的美国、英国、日本等国实践的分析,归纳自然垄断产业规制改革的国际经验。然后对我国电信业的规制改革进行了个案分析。
最后,在分析有关我国自然垄断产业规制改革的基本理论及总结规制改革的国际经验并结合我国电信业规制改革的个案分析的基础上,论文具体探讨了有关我国自然垄断产业规制改革的基本问题。这包括我国自然垄断产业规制改革目标的提出、规制改革的一般模式及如何构建我国自然垄断产业规制改革模式。将激励性规制作为自然垄断产业规制改革的目标选择。概括来说是指,在仍需规制的领域和环节,普遍引入激励性规方式,如价格上限规制、区域间竞争、特许投标
制等。自然垄断产业规制改革的一般模式可以概括为在典型或极端自然垄断性质
的环节更新规制方式,实行激励性规制制度;在自然垄断性质已经方式变化的领
域打破垄断,实行竞争制度。总之,我国自然垄断产业规制改革应从政府层面、
企业层面以及法律建设等方面同步推进,在非自然垄断环节充分利用市场机制,
同时在自然垄断环节建立起科学合理的规制体系。
The issue of regulatory reform of the natural monopoly industry is one of the most active subjects in the domain of regulation economics, and is the hot question of Chinese economic system reform as well. This thesis has carried on comparatively deep exploration to the issue of regulatory reform of natural industry in our country.
First of all, the thesis has explained the basic theory of regulatory reform of the natural monopoly industry that includes the theory of natural industry and the basic theory of government regulation. Knowing from the development of natural industry theory, we conclude that the economics of scale is not the essential condition of the natural monopoly industry but the abundant condition. The characteristic of the natural monopoly of the latest definition is the cost subadditivity. The natural monopoly industry has a series of unique technological and economic characteristics. The thesis has discuss about the necessity of regulation from the point view of the economic principle and technological characteristics of the natural monopoly industry.
Secondly, have expounded the basic theory of the natural industry regulation, this thesis describes the current situation of the regulation of the natural monopoly industry in our country, and then analyzes the existing problems of the natural industry regulation. Combining the research on the current situation of regulation in America, British and Japan and the analysis for the current regulatory situation of the natural monopoly industry of our country, this thesis gives us a clear picture of the regulation practice of the natural monopoly industry in our country.
Thirdly, this thesis has analyzed the theory of the regulatory reform of natural monopoly industry and summarizes the international experiences for the regulatory reform of natural monopoly industry. Then this thesis carries on the analysis of the regulatory reform of Chinese telecommunication industry.
Lastly, this thesis has carried on the concrete discussion about the basic issue concerning the regulatory reform of the natural monopoly industry in our country. This includes the aim and universal pattern of regulatory reform and how to construct the pattern of the regulatory reform of natural industry in our country.
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