基于ARM-Linux的隧道超前地震探测仪软件设计
摘要
隧道地质超前预报系统是用来了解隧道掌子面前方的工程地质和水文地质情况,给隧道施工和支护参数的调整提供依据的系统,它能有效地预防地质灾害的发生,保证隧道施工质量,确保施工安全。目前国内外的隧道超前预报系统大多采用笔记本电脑做为数据控制中心,但在阴暗、潮湿、多尘、现场杂乱的隧道施工现场工作,仪器的稳定和小巧便于搬运和操作是很重要的。智能化、采集处理一体化,便携式的隧道地质超前预报系统的研究将对隧道地质超前预报仪器的发展具有重要的意义。
本文从浅层地震勘探的角度入手,以地震反射波法为理论基础,提出了基于ARM-Linux的隧道超前地震探测仪软件的设计方案。实现了Linux操作系统的启动代码U-Boot的移植;Linux操作系统内核编译和移植;FPGA设备驱动的开发。实现了嵌入式图形用户界面MiniGUI的移植与开发,并设计用户程序实现了数据的采集、实时绘制波形、存储数据、打开已存储数据等功能。
对系统软件进行了初步的测试,实验结果表明基于ARM-Linux的隧道超前地震探测仪软件实现了触摸屏控制,地震数据采集、存储,打开已有文件、滤除噪声、波形实时显示等功能,并为进一步开发隧道超前地震探测仪的测量分析软件奠定了基础。
Tunnel construction can improve transportation conditions, improve water pipe line, convenient mineral resources exploitation and so on, therefore the tunnel technology has been widely adopted. But the tunnel is building under the surface of architectural engineering, it will exist in construction of many potential unpredictable geological disasters.And the disaster will influence the construction progress, causing personnel casualty, bringing serious economic damage to construction companies or the country. Therefore, and advanced prediction tunnel and increasingly attention.
Existing tunnel seismic predication systems are in need of notebook computer assisted to work. In the dark, damp , dusty, and disorderly tunnel construction site , these systems are inconvenient.Therefore, the technology of tunnel advanced seismic detectors can integrate Data collection with analysis and processing is very important. ARM-Linux is a relatively rapid development technology in recent years, in various fields it has been widely used and has aroused strong attention.Linux system can be trimmed and portability, so it has brought great convenience to the system development.Considering the disadvantages of existing tunnel seismic predication systems and the advantages of embedded technology, I put forward a design project of sofeware based on ARM - Linux in tunnel seismic advanced detector ,which can be completely separated from the superior machine control.
This software system has used Chinese demonstration, a single acquisition stood six channel (extensible) real-time dynamic waveform display, touch screen control, several sampling interval control, software filter, internal and external data files dynamic display technology and so on.
The text is divided into six chapters, it describes the design of sofeware based on ARM-Linux in tunnel seismic advanced detector.
Chapter 1 is the introduction, it introduces the working priciple of technology of tunnel seismic perdication,and research status quo and existing problems.At the same time,it intuduces the ARM-Linux technology development and application. Analysis the feasibility and necessity of development of the sofeware. And then puts forward the subject research content.
Chapter 2 introduces the principle of hardware platform,and I put forward the user interface design application based on the hardware platform and software platform.And the plan is as the overall design scheme.
Chapter 3 describes developing of Linux system platform, including Linux kernel compilation and transplantation, U-BOOT system startup code on the transplant, the design for FPGA devices drive procedures,method of making root filesystem which is bases on ARM.
Chapter 4 firstly introduces MiniGUI,then introduces MiniGUI in detail on the host machine and target machine's environment build.
Chapter 5 introduces exhaustively utilizes the MiniGUI design system's man-machine interaction contact surface procedure process. The program achieves communication between the widgets and external devices, external devices controlled by the control widget. The user application procedure's operation module including the main window's foundation module, the sub-dialog box realizes the module, the data acquisition module, the data storage module, the parameter establishment module, the system test module. The data acquisition module may actuate the FPGA equipment, start gathering, the establishment gathering parameter, founds the SEG2 document, after the system filter, the profile dynamic demonstration or opens and demonstrated already has the document; The data storage module may carry on the document to the gathering data the preservation; The parameter establishment module is before gathering to the parameter establishment procedure; System's test module including actuates FPGA to have the sine wave to the system test and to system's replacement.
Chapter 6 has given system's test result and has carried on the analysis to the test result, has proven this software system's accuracy and the feasibility initially.
Chapter 7 is the conclusion. Completed the situation to this topic to make the summary, the work which and pointed out in the system to have had the question which and needs to further launch.
本文从浅层地震勘探的角度入手,以地震反射波法为理论基础,提出了基于ARM-Linux的隧道超前地震探测仪软件的设计方案。实现了Linux操作系统的启动代码U-Boot的移植;Linux操作系统内核编译和移植;FPGA设备驱动的开发。实现了嵌入式图形用户界面MiniGUI的移植与开发,并设计用户程序实现了数据的采集、实时绘制波形、存储数据、打开已存储数据等功能。
对系统软件进行了初步的测试,实验结果表明基于ARM-Linux的隧道超前地震探测仪软件实现了触摸屏控制,地震数据采集、存储,打开已有文件、滤除噪声、波形实时显示等功能,并为进一步开发隧道超前地震探测仪的测量分析软件奠定了基础。
Tunnel construction can improve transportation conditions, improve water pipe line, convenient mineral resources exploitation and so on, therefore the tunnel technology has been widely adopted. But the tunnel is building under the surface of architectural engineering, it will exist in construction of many potential unpredictable geological disasters.And the disaster will influence the construction progress, causing personnel casualty, bringing serious economic damage to construction companies or the country. Therefore, and advanced prediction tunnel and increasingly attention.
Existing tunnel seismic predication systems are in need of notebook computer assisted to work. In the dark, damp , dusty, and disorderly tunnel construction site , these systems are inconvenient.Therefore, the technology of tunnel advanced seismic detectors can integrate Data collection with analysis and processing is very important. ARM-Linux is a relatively rapid development technology in recent years, in various fields it has been widely used and has aroused strong attention.Linux system can be trimmed and portability, so it has brought great convenience to the system development.Considering the disadvantages of existing tunnel seismic predication systems and the advantages of embedded technology, I put forward a design project of sofeware based on ARM - Linux in tunnel seismic advanced detector ,which can be completely separated from the superior machine control.
This software system has used Chinese demonstration, a single acquisition stood six channel (extensible) real-time dynamic waveform display, touch screen control, several sampling interval control, software filter, internal and external data files dynamic display technology and so on.
The text is divided into six chapters, it describes the design of sofeware based on ARM-Linux in tunnel seismic advanced detector.
Chapter 1 is the introduction, it introduces the working priciple of technology of tunnel seismic perdication,and research status quo and existing problems.At the same time,it intuduces the ARM-Linux technology development and application. Analysis the feasibility and necessity of development of the sofeware. And then puts forward the subject research content.
Chapter 2 introduces the principle of hardware platform,and I put forward the user interface design application based on the hardware platform and software platform.And the plan is as the overall design scheme.
Chapter 3 describes developing of Linux system platform, including Linux kernel compilation and transplantation, U-BOOT system startup code on the transplant, the design for FPGA devices drive procedures,method of making root filesystem which is bases on ARM.
Chapter 4 firstly introduces MiniGUI,then introduces MiniGUI in detail on the host machine and target machine's environment build.
Chapter 5 introduces exhaustively utilizes the MiniGUI design system's man-machine interaction contact surface procedure process. The program achieves communication between the widgets and external devices, external devices controlled by the control widget. The user application procedure's operation module including the main window's foundation module, the sub-dialog box realizes the module, the data acquisition module, the data storage module, the parameter establishment module, the system test module. The data acquisition module may actuate the FPGA equipment, start gathering, the establishment gathering parameter, founds the SEG2 document, after the system filter, the profile dynamic demonstration or opens and demonstrated already has the document; The data storage module may carry on the document to the gathering data the preservation; The parameter establishment module is before gathering to the parameter establishment procedure; System's test module including actuates FPGA to have the sine wave to the system test and to system's replacement.
Chapter 6 has given system's test result and has carried on the analysis to the test result, has proven this software system's accuracy and the feasibility initially.
Chapter 7 is the conclusion. Completed the situation to this topic to make the summary, the work which and pointed out in the system to have had the question which and needs to further launch.
引文
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[10]刘长征.隧道超前探测地震数据采集器的设计[D].吉林:吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,2008.
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[19]倪继利.Linux内核分析及编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[20]赵炯.Linux内核完全注释[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[21]张林行.基于接力式以太网的可控震源地震勘探数据传输技术研究[D].吉林:吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,2007.
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[24]魏永明等.LINUX设备驱动程序[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[25]安成锦,孙茂阳,李坡.基于嵌入式Linux系统的MiniGUI图形界面开发[J].嵌入式技术,2005,6:108-113.
[26]章晓燕,马琪.嵌入式系统的GUI-MiniGUI[J].计算机与现代化,2005,1:10-12.
[27]祁献鹏,郭玉东.面向嵌入式系统的MiniGUI的GUI系统[J].信息工程大学学报,2001(3):8-10.
[28]周立功等.ARM嵌入式MiniGUI初步与应用开发范例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007.
[29]李涛,于志贤,孙翱.数字触摸屏的原理与应用[J].兵工自动化,2005,24(6):133-140.
[30]龚丽娟,陆以勤,吕锦.触摸屏数据处理算法研究及实现[J].微计算机信息,2004,1(2):126-131.
[31]许桂华.触摸屏的技术特征[J].上海现代通信,2006,3:360-363.
[32]范蔚触.摸屏校正算法及编程设计[J].山东山东纺织经济,2007,6:120-124.
[33]罗乐,杨浩,何为.液晶模块应用中动态波形显示的软件实现[J].计算机应用,2003,23:293-298.
[34]董世学.地震数据采集系统基本原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[35]孙传友等.地震勘探仪器原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1996:10-25.
[36]陆基梦.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993.
[37]张子三,林君,陈祖斌,于生宝.轻便高频可控震源系统的研制[J].测控技术.2000,19(10):50-53.
[38] Brian W.Kernighan,Dennis M.Ritchie著.徐宝文,李志译.C程序设计语言(第二版新版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[39]谭浩强.C程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991.
[40]Miroslav D.Lutovac著.朱义胜,董辉等译.信号处理滤波器设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[41]李世华,杨有发等.物探数据处理[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[42]王三武,张红涛.CF卡在大容量数据采集中的应用[J].微型机与应用,2004(7):156-159.
[2]何继善,柳建新.隧道超前探测方法技术与应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(4): 293-298.
[3]刘占,张晓培,牛建军.地震反射波隧道超前预报方法的研究及应用[J].北方交通,2006.3:73-74.
[4]史柏生.TSP203地质超前预报系统简介及其应用[J].铁道工程学报,2004,4:27-30.
[5]肖书安,吴世林.复杂地质条件下的隧道地址超前探测技术[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(2):159-165.
[6]王齐人,杨天春.隧道地质灾害超前预报的地震反射法[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,21(2):643-649.
[7]刘云祯.TGP隧道地震预报系统与预报技术探讨[R].北京:北京市水电物探研究所.
[8]刘云祯.TGP206与TSP200在京西黎园岭隧道进行超前预报试验的对比与分析[R].北京:北京市水电物探研究所,2008.
[9]杨水清,张剑,施云飞等.ARM嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2008.
[10]刘长征.隧道超前探测地震数据采集器的设计[D].吉林:吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,2008.
[11]姚放吾.嵌入式系统的硬件/软件协同设计[J].微计算机信息,2001,3:1-3.
[12]周德新,张向利.Linux与嵌入式操作系统[J].桂林电子工业学院学报,2000:21-23.
[13]金西,黄汪.嵌入式Linux技术及其应用[DB/OL][J].计算机应用,2000,20(7):4-6.
[14]肖忠祥等.数据采集原理[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001.
[15]孙琼.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.
[16]李亚锋,欧文盛.嵌入式系统开发从入门到精通[M].北京:北京清华大学出版社,2007.
[17]毛德操,胡希明.Linux内核源代码情景分析(上册)[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社出版,2001.
[18]毛德操,胡希明.Linux内核源代码情景分析(下册)[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社出版,2001.
[19]倪继利.Linux内核分析及编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[20]赵炯.Linux内核完全注释[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[21]张林行.基于接力式以太网的可控震源地震勘探数据传输技术研究[D].吉林:吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,2007.
[22]R.J.Henderson.Urban Geophysics,[J]. Review Exploration Geophysics,1992,35:531-542
[23]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2005.
[24]魏永明等.LINUX设备驱动程序[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[25]安成锦,孙茂阳,李坡.基于嵌入式Linux系统的MiniGUI图形界面开发[J].嵌入式技术,2005,6:108-113.
[26]章晓燕,马琪.嵌入式系统的GUI-MiniGUI[J].计算机与现代化,2005,1:10-12.
[27]祁献鹏,郭玉东.面向嵌入式系统的MiniGUI的GUI系统[J].信息工程大学学报,2001(3):8-10.
[28]周立功等.ARM嵌入式MiniGUI初步与应用开发范例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007.
[29]李涛,于志贤,孙翱.数字触摸屏的原理与应用[J].兵工自动化,2005,24(6):133-140.
[30]龚丽娟,陆以勤,吕锦.触摸屏数据处理算法研究及实现[J].微计算机信息,2004,1(2):126-131.
[31]许桂华.触摸屏的技术特征[J].上海现代通信,2006,3:360-363.
[32]范蔚触.摸屏校正算法及编程设计[J].山东山东纺织经济,2007,6:120-124.
[33]罗乐,杨浩,何为.液晶模块应用中动态波形显示的软件实现[J].计算机应用,2003,23:293-298.
[34]董世学.地震数据采集系统基本原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[35]孙传友等.地震勘探仪器原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1996:10-25.
[36]陆基梦.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993.
[37]张子三,林君,陈祖斌,于生宝.轻便高频可控震源系统的研制[J].测控技术.2000,19(10):50-53.
[38] Brian W.Kernighan,Dennis M.Ritchie著.徐宝文,李志译.C程序设计语言(第二版新版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[39]谭浩强.C程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991.
[40]Miroslav D.Lutovac著.朱义胜,董辉等译.信号处理滤波器设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[41]李世华,杨有发等.物探数据处理[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[42]王三武,张红涛.CF卡在大容量数据采集中的应用[J].微型机与应用,2004(7):156-159.