盾构隧道地震响应分析及抗减震措施研究
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摘要
随着震害资料的积累和对地下结构抗震性能研究的深入，人们逐渐认识到了用拟静力方法进行地下结构地震反应分析具有的较大局限性，而动力有限元方法更为可取。本文依托武汉长江隧道工程关键技术研究项目“盾构隧道地震响应分析与抗减震措施研究”，对盾构隧道地震响应的分析方法进行了研究和改进，并以盾构隧道结构参数和接头参数为基础，分析了各种参数对隧道结构地震响应的影响，以便为工程抗震设计提供合理的依据。本文的主要工作如下。
1．对课题研究的意义、盾构隧道地震响应特征及抗震分析要点、盾构隧道地震响应分析方法以及作为本文研究背景的武汉长江隧道工程的概况进行了综述
2．提出了一种基于微分方程的Biot方程分割算法，该方法适用于静、动力问题，不受有限元划分单元类型以及问题维数(二维、三维)的限制，基本不需要额外编程即可在目前常用的商用有限元软件上实现，特别适用于现有软件的二次开发。随后利用该方法对武汉长江隧道典型剖面进行了二维有效应力计算，评估了场地的液化危险性。
3．提出了一种能够考虑各种接头影响的盾构隧道横断面二维动力有限元分析模型，系统研究了各种接头参数对隧道横向抗震性能的影响及各种减震措施的效果。
4．系统地归纳了反应位移法中各计算参数的不同确定方法，提出了一种用于盾构隧道纵向地震响应分析的简化有限元动力计算方法，并与响应位移法进行了对比研究。
5．利用三维动力有限元方法系统研究了不同的接头形式及参数对联络通道抗震性能的影响及各种减震措施的效果。
最后，对全文的研究工作进行了总结，并讨论了今后进一步的工作。
With the accumulation of seismic disaster data and the development of scientific research, people have gradually realized the deficiency of pseudo-static mechanics method when analyzing the seismic response of underground structure. On the other hand, the dynamic finite element method is considered to be preferable. Supported by the research project of key technologies of Changjiang Tunnel Engineering in Wuhan, the main research work of this paper, focusing on the research and improvement of seismic response analysis methods of shield tunnel, and the effect of different parameters of structure and joints on the structure's seismic behavior, could be summarized as the following five aspects.
1. The significance of the research work, the key points and existing methods of aseismic analysis of shield tunnel are briefly summarized, as well as the general situation of Changjiang Tunnel Engineering in Wuhan.
2. Basing on comparing the transient heat conduction equation and the pore pressure dissipation equation, this paper presents a new multi-iteration serial partitioned solution procedure, which is adapt to redevelopment of existing finite element softwares and could give satisfying computational precise and stability. Subsequently, this approach is applied in transverse dynamic response analysis of Wuhan Changjiang Tunnel, with the estimation given in the end of the soil liquefaction hazard of the site.
3. Combining the dynamic finite element method and the beam-spring model, this paper presented a new transverse seismic response analysis method of shield tunnel, which is, then, applied to calculate the transverse seismic response of Wuhan Changjiang Tunnel, with emphasis on the influence of different structural parameters on the structure's seismic behavior, and the shock absorption effect of strengthening the soil foundations.
4. The response displacement method, with the different computational methods of the parameters systematically concluded, and a simplified dynamic finite element
1．对课题研究的意义、盾构隧道地震响应特征及抗震分析要点、盾构隧道地震响应分析方法以及作为本文研究背景的武汉长江隧道工程的概况进行了综述
2．提出了一种基于微分方程的Biot方程分割算法，该方法适用于静、动力问题，不受有限元划分单元类型以及问题维数(二维、三维)的限制，基本不需要额外编程即可在目前常用的商用有限元软件上实现，特别适用于现有软件的二次开发。随后利用该方法对武汉长江隧道典型剖面进行了二维有效应力计算，评估了场地的液化危险性。
3．提出了一种能够考虑各种接头影响的盾构隧道横断面二维动力有限元分析模型，系统研究了各种接头参数对隧道横向抗震性能的影响及各种减震措施的效果。
4．系统地归纳了反应位移法中各计算参数的不同确定方法，提出了一种用于盾构隧道纵向地震响应分析的简化有限元动力计算方法，并与响应位移法进行了对比研究。
5．利用三维动力有限元方法系统研究了不同的接头形式及参数对联络通道抗震性能的影响及各种减震措施的效果。
最后，对全文的研究工作进行了总结，并讨论了今后进一步的工作。
With the accumulation of seismic disaster data and the development of scientific research, people have gradually realized the deficiency of pseudo-static mechanics method when analyzing the seismic response of underground structure. On the other hand, the dynamic finite element method is considered to be preferable. Supported by the research project of key technologies of Changjiang Tunnel Engineering in Wuhan, the main research work of this paper, focusing on the research and improvement of seismic response analysis methods of shield tunnel, and the effect of different parameters of structure and joints on the structure's seismic behavior, could be summarized as the following five aspects.
1. The significance of the research work, the key points and existing methods of aseismic analysis of shield tunnel are briefly summarized, as well as the general situation of Changjiang Tunnel Engineering in Wuhan.
2. Basing on comparing the transient heat conduction equation and the pore pressure dissipation equation, this paper presents a new multi-iteration serial partitioned solution procedure, which is adapt to redevelopment of existing finite element softwares and could give satisfying computational precise and stability. Subsequently, this approach is applied in transverse dynamic response analysis of Wuhan Changjiang Tunnel, with the estimation given in the end of the soil liquefaction hazard of the site.
3. Combining the dynamic finite element method and the beam-spring model, this paper presented a new transverse seismic response analysis method of shield tunnel, which is, then, applied to calculate the transverse seismic response of Wuhan Changjiang Tunnel, with emphasis on the influence of different structural parameters on the structure's seismic behavior, and the shock absorption effect of strengthening the soil foundations.
4. The response displacement method, with the different computational methods of the parameters systematically concluded, and a simplified dynamic finite element
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