纳米级InP内包层光纤及其放大性能
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摘要
随着人们对信息需求的快速增长,光纤通信技术成为信息高速公路的核心和支柱。其中,点到多点的全光高速密集波分复用技术(DWDM)和光纤放大器相结合是光通信发展的主流趋势,因此DWDM系统的发展必须与光纤放大器带宽扩展技术发展同步。但如何扩大密集波分复用系统的通信容量,提高光纤放大器放大带宽范围,是当前该领域研究的热点和难点。作为光纤放大器的核心部件,放大光纤的研究也随之成为了重中之重。
本文首先概述了光放大器和放大光纤的发展状况;考虑将纳米技术与光纤技术相结合,研究了在普通光纤的纤芯和包层之间沉积一层纳米材料的新型结构光纤。通过对Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体物质的性质和纳米微粒的制备方法的分析,选择了半导体材料InP物质作为掺杂材料,且采用改进的化学汽相沉积法(MCVD)作为该种光纤的制备方法,最终研制出了掺杂纳米级InP内包层光纤,该光纤在纤芯和包层之间有一层厚度为16nm-70nm的纳米级InP薄膜;针对研制出的光纤,根据其几何结构建立模型,从理论上分析计算了光纤中的光波导分布、量子尺寸效应、及量子尺寸效应对光放大的影响;通过建立载流子的运动模型,得到了输出功率随InP纳米薄膜内包层光纤长度的变化的表达式;在实验方面,设计并且搭建实验测试系统,将532nm的泵谱光注入到该光纤,利用截断法对研制出的光纤进行了损耗和增益的测试,实验结果证实:该光纤的单位长度放大系数(dB/m)分别为1.40—5.12(906—1044 nm)1.40—15.35(1080—1491 nm),1.86—7.44(1524—1596 nm)。
最后,本文对利用纳米材料在光纤改进方面起到的作用进行了分析和展望,并对所研制的光纤的应用前景进行了多方面的探索和研究。
As the requirement of information increases quickly, optical fiber communication technology has been a tower of strength in the high speed of communication. There into, point to multi-points technology in DWDM and fiber amplifier are the leading tendency, so development of DWDM system and fiber amplifier should be at the same rate. But the access to increase communication capacity of DWDM and bandwidth of fiber amplifier are difficulties and hot spots. To be the important components of fiber amplifier, amplifying fiber is top priority in the fiber communication.
First, this thesis gives an introduction of the development of the optical amplifier and amplifying fiber; Combining nano technology with fiber technology, a new type of fiber is fabricated by depositing nano material between the core and cladding of fiber. Through analyzing III-V semiconductor and preparation of nano particles, InP is chosen to be the doped material and MCVD is chosen to make the fiber. Inner cladding fiber doped with nano InP is manufactured, and there is a 16nm-70nm InP-film locating between core and cladding of fiber; Aiming at the structure of this fiber, a model is fabricated to analyze it. The optical guide in fiber and the mechanism of amplification are studied theoretically. Also, carrier model is established, and light propagation equation is shown in the thesis, by which the relationship between the output of light power and the length of this fiber is obtained; In experimental aspect, a testing system is designed and established, 532nm pump light is put into this fiber, and truncating method is adopted to exam the loss and gain. The final result prove that its signification amplification characteristics for wavelength between 1080nm and 1491nm, and also found in wavelengths 906-1044nm and 1524-1596nm.
In the end, the thesis presents a positive outlook and analysis on the nano material that improving the characterization of fiber, and gives sorts of research and study on the applying future of this fiber.
本文首先概述了光放大器和放大光纤的发展状况;考虑将纳米技术与光纤技术相结合,研究了在普通光纤的纤芯和包层之间沉积一层纳米材料的新型结构光纤。通过对Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体物质的性质和纳米微粒的制备方法的分析,选择了半导体材料InP物质作为掺杂材料,且采用改进的化学汽相沉积法(MCVD)作为该种光纤的制备方法,最终研制出了掺杂纳米级InP内包层光纤,该光纤在纤芯和包层之间有一层厚度为16nm-70nm的纳米级InP薄膜;针对研制出的光纤,根据其几何结构建立模型,从理论上分析计算了光纤中的光波导分布、量子尺寸效应、及量子尺寸效应对光放大的影响;通过建立载流子的运动模型,得到了输出功率随InP纳米薄膜内包层光纤长度的变化的表达式;在实验方面,设计并且搭建实验测试系统,将532nm的泵谱光注入到该光纤,利用截断法对研制出的光纤进行了损耗和增益的测试,实验结果证实:该光纤的单位长度放大系数(dB/m)分别为1.40—5.12(906—1044 nm)1.40—15.35(1080—1491 nm),1.86—7.44(1524—1596 nm)。
最后,本文对利用纳米材料在光纤改进方面起到的作用进行了分析和展望,并对所研制的光纤的应用前景进行了多方面的探索和研究。
As the requirement of information increases quickly, optical fiber communication technology has been a tower of strength in the high speed of communication. There into, point to multi-points technology in DWDM and fiber amplifier are the leading tendency, so development of DWDM system and fiber amplifier should be at the same rate. But the access to increase communication capacity of DWDM and bandwidth of fiber amplifier are difficulties and hot spots. To be the important components of fiber amplifier, amplifying fiber is top priority in the fiber communication.
First, this thesis gives an introduction of the development of the optical amplifier and amplifying fiber; Combining nano technology with fiber technology, a new type of fiber is fabricated by depositing nano material between the core and cladding of fiber. Through analyzing III-V semiconductor and preparation of nano particles, InP is chosen to be the doped material and MCVD is chosen to make the fiber. Inner cladding fiber doped with nano InP is manufactured, and there is a 16nm-70nm InP-film locating between core and cladding of fiber; Aiming at the structure of this fiber, a model is fabricated to analyze it. The optical guide in fiber and the mechanism of amplification are studied theoretically. Also, carrier model is established, and light propagation equation is shown in the thesis, by which the relationship between the output of light power and the length of this fiber is obtained; In experimental aspect, a testing system is designed and established, 532nm pump light is put into this fiber, and truncating method is adopted to exam the loss and gain. The final result prove that its signification amplification characteristics for wavelength between 1080nm and 1491nm, and also found in wavelengths 906-1044nm and 1524-1596nm.
In the end, the thesis presents a positive outlook and analysis on the nano material that improving the characterization of fiber, and gives sorts of research and study on the applying future of this fiber.
引文
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