基于RFID与WSN的奶牛信息采集手持终端研究与开发
摘要
随着奶牛养殖业的迅速发展,很多大规模的奶牛养殖场都采用管理系统软件进行养殖数据管理,这在很大程度上提升了奶牛养殖管理的现代化水平,但是其数据采集和录入方式,相比传统的纯手工记录和汇总方式并没有太大改进,数据采集与录入效率很低,存在数据记录丢失和存储更新滞后等问题。本文在实际应用需求分析的基础上,提出将嵌入式技术、射频识别技术和无线传感器网络技术相结合,设计开发一种便携式手持终端设备,用来进行牛只身份识别和养殖数据采集与传输,并在实地进行测试。主要研究内容和结论如下。
(1)分析国内外先进技术在养殖管理中的应用现状,结合实际应用需求,将嵌入式技术、射频识别技术和无线传感器网络技术相结合,采用嵌入式与模块化设计方法,完成手持终端整体设计方案。
(2)手持终端模块化设计,包括核心板模块、底板模块、键盘模块、RFID射频模块和Zigbee无线模块5个组成部分。硬件设计与实现,包括电源电路、复位电路、USB接口电路、LCD接口电路、JTAG接口电路、键盘接口电路、射频接口电路和CC2430应用电路的设计,PCB板图绘制,元器件焊接制作,组装及调试等工作。
(3)手持终端软件设计与实现,包括嵌入式u-boot移植、Linux内核配置与编译、Yaffs文件系统构建、键盘驱动程序开发、RFID驱动程序开发、RFID通信指令设计、Zigbee通信程序开发、Qt接口程序开发和奶牛信息采集软件开发等工作。
(4)手持终端设计实现后,在实验室和奶牛养殖场对其性能进行系统化测试,设计测试项目包括射频读写测试、数据采集测试、无线传输测试和系统整体测试。测试结果表明,基于RFID与WSN技术的手持终端系统运行稳定、可靠,数据采集便捷、高效,各项指标达到预期的设计要求,能够满足奶牛养殖管理的实际需要。
With the rapid development of dairy cow breeding industry, many large-scale cow farms used management system software to manage breeding datas. This way greatly improve the modernization level of dairy cow management, but the data collection method compared to traditional manual records still not much improvement and have many issues. For examle the efficiency is very low, may result in loss of data recording and storage updates lagged behind. In this papaer, we studies and designs one kind of portable handy terminal device used for cow identification, data collection and transmisson.The main research content and the conclusion are as follows.
(1) According to application conditions, we propose to combine embedded technical, RFID technology and WSN technology as the basis of handy terminal development and take embedded design methods and modular design approach to design the system scheme; the design contents include bottom module, RFID module, Zigbee module and keyboard module.
(2) The development of hardware need to complete power circuit design, reset circuit design, USB interface circuit design, LCD interface circuit design, JTAG interface circuit design, Keypad interface circuit design, RFID interface circuit design and CC2430 application circuit design, finishes the making, welding and test of the circuit at last.
(3) The development of software require to complete the transplantation of u-boot, construction of Linux kernel and Yaffs file system, program Keypad hardware drivers, RFID communication program, Zigbee wireless communication program, QT interface communication procedures and data acquisition software.
(4) After design and implementation of handy terminal, we need to perform a systematical test in laboratory and cow farms. The content includes: RFID read and write test, data collection test, data transmission test and wholly performance test. The results show that the system features could meet the design requirements; the overall performance of the device is expected to achieve the design objectives.
(1)分析国内外先进技术在养殖管理中的应用现状,结合实际应用需求,将嵌入式技术、射频识别技术和无线传感器网络技术相结合,采用嵌入式与模块化设计方法,完成手持终端整体设计方案。
(2)手持终端模块化设计,包括核心板模块、底板模块、键盘模块、RFID射频模块和Zigbee无线模块5个组成部分。硬件设计与实现,包括电源电路、复位电路、USB接口电路、LCD接口电路、JTAG接口电路、键盘接口电路、射频接口电路和CC2430应用电路的设计,PCB板图绘制,元器件焊接制作,组装及调试等工作。
(3)手持终端软件设计与实现,包括嵌入式u-boot移植、Linux内核配置与编译、Yaffs文件系统构建、键盘驱动程序开发、RFID驱动程序开发、RFID通信指令设计、Zigbee通信程序开发、Qt接口程序开发和奶牛信息采集软件开发等工作。
(4)手持终端设计实现后,在实验室和奶牛养殖场对其性能进行系统化测试,设计测试项目包括射频读写测试、数据采集测试、无线传输测试和系统整体测试。测试结果表明,基于RFID与WSN技术的手持终端系统运行稳定、可靠,数据采集便捷、高效,各项指标达到预期的设计要求,能够满足奶牛养殖管理的实际需要。
With the rapid development of dairy cow breeding industry, many large-scale cow farms used management system software to manage breeding datas. This way greatly improve the modernization level of dairy cow management, but the data collection method compared to traditional manual records still not much improvement and have many issues. For examle the efficiency is very low, may result in loss of data recording and storage updates lagged behind. In this papaer, we studies and designs one kind of portable handy terminal device used for cow identification, data collection and transmisson.The main research content and the conclusion are as follows.
(1) According to application conditions, we propose to combine embedded technical, RFID technology and WSN technology as the basis of handy terminal development and take embedded design methods and modular design approach to design the system scheme; the design contents include bottom module, RFID module, Zigbee module and keyboard module.
(2) The development of hardware need to complete power circuit design, reset circuit design, USB interface circuit design, LCD interface circuit design, JTAG interface circuit design, Keypad interface circuit design, RFID interface circuit design and CC2430 application circuit design, finishes the making, welding and test of the circuit at last.
(3) The development of software require to complete the transplantation of u-boot, construction of Linux kernel and Yaffs file system, program Keypad hardware drivers, RFID communication program, Zigbee wireless communication program, QT interface communication procedures and data acquisition software.
(4) After design and implementation of handy terminal, we need to perform a systematical test in laboratory and cow farms. The content includes: RFID read and write test, data collection test, data transmission test and wholly performance test. The results show that the system features could meet the design requirements; the overall performance of the device is expected to achieve the design objectives.
引文
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单承赣,单玉峰,姚累.2008.射频识别(RFID)原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社:161-166
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冯维萍.2003.电子产品设计过程中消除干扰信号的PCB布线技巧.电讯技术,(3):119-121
耿丽微.2009.基于射频技术的奶牛身份识别系统.[硕士学位论文].保定:河北农业大学
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胡志强,何东健,梁三林.2007.基于ARM的田间信息采集系统的设计与实现.微计算机信息.23(2):144-145
康瑞娟,张小栓,傅泽田. 2010.基于PDA和FSM的肉牛养殖可追溯信息采集与传输方法.农业工程学报,26(1):227-231
李斌,李文锋.2008.WSN与RFID技术的融合研究.计算机工程,34(9):127-129
李凡甲,徐钊,颜丙磊,田传耕.2009.基于WSN的煤矿井下人员定位系统防碰撞算法的研究.工矿自动化,(1):9-12
李世煜.2005.射频识别系统防碰撞算法研究与设计.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
吕世霞.2006.基于ARM的手持智能终端系统的研究.[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学
潘杰.2006.基于嵌入式系统的IC卡手持终端的开发.[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学
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冉立新2007.超高频RFID阅读器的设计和实现.[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学
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吴爱明.2008.基于CC2430的无线传感器网络节能策略研究.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
吴昊.2009.基于ARM架构的无线手持PDA数据采集系统设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学
夏冬雪.2008.基于RFID的嵌入式仓储管理终端.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
鲜征征.2005.USB通信协议及接口驱动程序的研究与开发.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
徐丽华.2005.射频识别卡读写模块的设计与应用.[硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学
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阎沫.2007.Zigbee协议栈的分析与设计.[硕士学位论文].厦门:厦门大学
杨峰.2010.智能家居信息平台的设计.[硕士学位论文] .杭州:杭州电子科技大学
尹令,刘财兴,洪添胜. 2010.基于无线传感器网络的奶牛行为特征监测系统设计.农业工程学报,26(3):203-208
曾庆远.2009.基于ARM嵌入式平台的RFID阅读器设计.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
张宏宇.2008.无线传感器网络及有源RFID技术关键问题研究及应用实践.[硕士学位论文].上海:复旦大学
张洁萍.2005.高速印制电路板的设计及布线要点.印制电路信息,17(5):20-22
张颖超,王金成,钱慧.2008.超低功耗奶牛发情期监测器的设计-MSP430F1121A实现计步功能.微计算机信息,24(2-2):74-75
章坚武,张璐,应瑛,高锋.2009.基于ZigBee的RSSI测距研究.传感技术学报,22(2):285-288柴斌.2007.家用报警系统产品设计研究.[硕士学位论文].上海:同济大学
赵淑晶.2008.一种通用手持终端的关键技术研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
卓志国.2008.现代奶牛场标准化数字管理系统的建立与验证.[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨:东北农业大学
Basar Oztaysi, Serdar Baysan, Fatma Akpinar.2009.Radio frequency identification (RFID) in hospitality.Technovation, 29:618-624
Chaug-Ing Hsu,Hsien-Hung Shih,Wei-Che Wang.2009.Applying RFID to reduce delay in import cargo customs clearance process.Computers & Industrial Engineering,57:506-519
Feng Zhao, Leonidas Guibas.2004.Wireless Sensor Network: An Information Prttttttttocessing Approach
Hsieh-Hong Huang, Cheng-Yuan Ku.2009.A RFID Grouping Proof Protocol for Medication Safety of Inpatient. Journal of Medical Systems, 33:467-474
Hyunjue Kim, Jong-Moon Chung, Chang Hyun Kim.2009.Secured communication protocol for internetworking ZigBee cluster networks.Computer Communications, 32:1531–1540
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曹垣亮.2008.基于ARM9/7产品化研发实践.北京:电子工业出版社:195-210
成洁,卢紫毅.2008.Linux窗口程序设计—Qt4精彩实例分析.北京:清华大学出版社:96-102
单承赣,单玉峰,姚累.2008.射频识别(RFID)原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社:161-166
范国连.2008.基于有源RFID的动物身份识别与跟踪系统研究.[硕士学位论文].杨凌:西北农林科技大学
冯维萍.2003.电子产品设计过程中消除干扰信号的PCB布线技巧.电讯技术,(3):119-121
耿丽微.2009.基于射频技术的奶牛身份识别系统.[硕士学位论文].保定:河北农业大学
何东健,邹志勇,周曼等. 2010.果园环境参数远程检测WSN网关节点设计.农业机械学报,41(6):182-186
胡志强,何东健,梁三林.2007.基于ARM的田间信息采集系统的设计与实现.微计算机信息.23(2):144-145
康瑞娟,张小栓,傅泽田. 2010.基于PDA和FSM的肉牛养殖可追溯信息采集与传输方法.农业工程学报,26(1):227-231
李斌,李文锋.2008.WSN与RFID技术的融合研究.计算机工程,34(9):127-129
李凡甲,徐钊,颜丙磊,田传耕.2009.基于WSN的煤矿井下人员定位系统防碰撞算法的研究.工矿自动化,(1):9-12
李世煜.2005.射频识别系统防碰撞算法研究与设计.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
吕世霞.2006.基于ARM的手持智能终端系统的研究.[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学
潘杰.2006.基于嵌入式系统的IC卡手持终端的开发.[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学
彭渤.2008.基于RSSI测距误差补偿的无线传感器网络定位算法研究.[硕士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学
冉立新2007.超高频RFID阅读器的设计和实现.[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学
石瑀.2006.手持式企事业单位人事资料查询终端的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
孙百生.2007.基于ARM的嵌入式移动终端手持设备的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学
孙弋.2010.基于S3C2440的嵌入式Linux开发实例.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社:155-165
王永新.2008.基于无线传感器网络的定位系统设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].济南:山东大学
王宇雯.2009.LR-WPAN/IEEE802.15.4冲突避免机制的研究.[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学
吴爱明.2008.基于CC2430的无线传感器网络节能策略研究.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
吴昊.2009.基于ARM架构的无线手持PDA数据采集系统设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学
夏冬雪.2008.基于RFID的嵌入式仓储管理终端.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
鲜征征.2005.USB通信协议及接口驱动程序的研究与开发.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
徐丽华.2005.射频识别卡读写模块的设计与应用.[硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学
徐燕,石江宏,吴晓芳.2008.无线传感器网络中基于RSSI差值的改进定位算法.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),47(3):361-364
阎沫.2007.Zigbee协议栈的分析与设计.[硕士学位论文].厦门:厦门大学
杨峰.2010.智能家居信息平台的设计.[硕士学位论文] .杭州:杭州电子科技大学
尹令,刘财兴,洪添胜. 2010.基于无线传感器网络的奶牛行为特征监测系统设计.农业工程学报,26(3):203-208
曾庆远.2009.基于ARM嵌入式平台的RFID阅读器设计.[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学
张宏宇.2008.无线传感器网络及有源RFID技术关键问题研究及应用实践.[硕士学位论文].上海:复旦大学
张洁萍.2005.高速印制电路板的设计及布线要点.印制电路信息,17(5):20-22
张颖超,王金成,钱慧.2008.超低功耗奶牛发情期监测器的设计-MSP430F1121A实现计步功能.微计算机信息,24(2-2):74-75
章坚武,张璐,应瑛,高锋.2009.基于ZigBee的RSSI测距研究.传感技术学报,22(2):285-288柴斌.2007.家用报警系统产品设计研究.[硕士学位论文].上海:同济大学
赵淑晶.2008.一种通用手持终端的关键技术研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学
卓志国.2008.现代奶牛场标准化数字管理系统的建立与验证.[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨:东北农业大学
Basar Oztaysi, Serdar Baysan, Fatma Akpinar.2009.Radio frequency identification (RFID) in hospitality.Technovation, 29:618-624
Chaug-Ing Hsu,Hsien-Hung Shih,Wei-Che Wang.2009.Applying RFID to reduce delay in import cargo customs clearance process.Computers & Industrial Engineering,57:506-519
Feng Zhao, Leonidas Guibas.2004.Wireless Sensor Network: An Information Prttttttttocessing Approach
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