水性发泡阻燃涂层胶的研制及应用
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摘要
针对目前市面上添加型阻燃涂层胶的阻燃耐久性较差,本文选用含有不饱和双键的烯丙基磷酸二甲酯作为阻燃单体和丙烯酸酯单体在水相中进行乳液聚合,从而制备出阻燃性和耐久性良好的反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶,并基本保持了丙烯酸酯原有的优良性能。此外由于常规涂层存在透气透湿性能差,活动时汗液无法以水蒸气形式排出,使人穿着不舒服,本文采用发泡涂层工艺,改善了织物的透气透湿性能,并使织物富有弹性。
1.采用预乳化工艺,以烯丙基磷酸二甲酯和丙烯酸酯单体为原料,羟乙基纤维素(HEC)为保护胶体,碳酸氢钠为缓冲剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠和异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚为乳化剂,在水相中进行乳液聚合,制备了一种反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶。
2.通过FTIR、TG-DTA、SEM、粒径分析和Zeta电位等测试方法,表征了反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶的结构和性能。
3.试验结果表明:涂层胶软/硬单体的比例为1.5:1～2:1,保护胶体、烯丙基磷酸二甲酯、乳化剂、引发剂、缓冲剂、丙烯酸和交联单体用量分别占单体总质量的1～2%、15%、5%、0.3%～0.4%、0.3～0.5%、3%和1.0～1.5%,反应温度为85～90℃时,反应时间为4～6h,涂层胶含固量为50%时,制备的反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶发泡力高、附着力强、状态稳定,经其整理的竹浆纤维织物透气透湿性良好、阻燃性及其耐久性好,且手感柔软,富有弹性。
4.通过对比试验发现:反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶和添加型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶阻燃效果几乎相当。但反应型涂层胶的阻燃耐久性明显好于添加型的,且添加固体阻燃剂的涂层胶整理的织物布面粗糙,添加液体阻燃剂的涂层胶整理的织物布面有油腻感。
Now, the flame durability of additive flame retardant coating gum in the market is poor. In this paper, the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum, which has execellent flame-retardancy and durability, was prepared by dimethyl allylphonate which has unsaturated double bond as the retardant monomer and acrylate monomer through emulsion polymerization in water, and keeping originally excellent propertities of polyacrylate. Besides, because of the air permeability and moisture permeability of conventional coating is poor, great amount of sudor couldn’t discharge as the form of water vapor while we activity. In this paper, the foaming coating process was use to improve the air permeability and moisture permeability of fabric, and make it have good flexibility.
1. The reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum was prepared by means of pre-emulsification technology, through emulsion polymerization in water, by dimethyl allylphosphonate and acrylate monomer, with ammonium persulfate as initiator, hydroxyethyl cellulose(HEC) as protective colloid, sodium bicarbonate as buffer, sodium dodecyl sulfate and iso-tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether as emulsifier.
2. The configuration and properties of the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum were characterized by FTIR, TG-DTA, SEM, particle size analysis and Zeta electric potential.
3. The experimental results showed that when the ratio of soft monomer and hard monomer is 1.5:1～2:1,dosages of protective colloid, dimethyl allylphosphonate, emulsifier, initiator, buffer, acrylic acid and crosslinking agent was 1～2%, 15%, 5%, 0.3%～0.4%, 0.3～0.5%, 3% and 1.0～1.5% by weight of monomers, respectively, and reaction temperature is 85～90℃, reaction time is 4～6 hours, solid content of the waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum is 50%, the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum had good foaming power, adherence and stability, it could make bamboo pulp fiber have good air permeability and moisture permeability, good flame-retardancy and durability, soft handle and good elasticity.
4. It can be seen from the comparative experiments that the flame-retardancy of the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum and the additive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum, showed almost same. But the flame durability of reactive coating gum is best than that of additive coating gum, and the appearance of fabric finished by the coating gum added solid flame retardants is coarse; the appearance of fabric finished by the coating gum added liquid flame retardants had greasy feeling.
1.采用预乳化工艺,以烯丙基磷酸二甲酯和丙烯酸酯单体为原料,羟乙基纤维素(HEC)为保护胶体,碳酸氢钠为缓冲剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠和异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚为乳化剂,在水相中进行乳液聚合,制备了一种反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶。
2.通过FTIR、TG-DTA、SEM、粒径分析和Zeta电位等测试方法,表征了反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶的结构和性能。
3.试验结果表明:涂层胶软/硬单体的比例为1.5:1～2:1,保护胶体、烯丙基磷酸二甲酯、乳化剂、引发剂、缓冲剂、丙烯酸和交联单体用量分别占单体总质量的1～2%、15%、5%、0.3%～0.4%、0.3～0.5%、3%和1.0～1.5%,反应温度为85～90℃时,反应时间为4～6h,涂层胶含固量为50%时,制备的反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶发泡力高、附着力强、状态稳定,经其整理的竹浆纤维织物透气透湿性良好、阻燃性及其耐久性好,且手感柔软,富有弹性。
4.通过对比试验发现:反应型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶和添加型水性发泡阻燃涂层胶阻燃效果几乎相当。但反应型涂层胶的阻燃耐久性明显好于添加型的,且添加固体阻燃剂的涂层胶整理的织物布面粗糙,添加液体阻燃剂的涂层胶整理的织物布面有油腻感。
Now, the flame durability of additive flame retardant coating gum in the market is poor. In this paper, the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum, which has execellent flame-retardancy and durability, was prepared by dimethyl allylphonate which has unsaturated double bond as the retardant monomer and acrylate monomer through emulsion polymerization in water, and keeping originally excellent propertities of polyacrylate. Besides, because of the air permeability and moisture permeability of conventional coating is poor, great amount of sudor couldn’t discharge as the form of water vapor while we activity. In this paper, the foaming coating process was use to improve the air permeability and moisture permeability of fabric, and make it have good flexibility.
1. The reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum was prepared by means of pre-emulsification technology, through emulsion polymerization in water, by dimethyl allylphosphonate and acrylate monomer, with ammonium persulfate as initiator, hydroxyethyl cellulose(HEC) as protective colloid, sodium bicarbonate as buffer, sodium dodecyl sulfate and iso-tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether as emulsifier.
2. The configuration and properties of the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum were characterized by FTIR, TG-DTA, SEM, particle size analysis and Zeta electric potential.
3. The experimental results showed that when the ratio of soft monomer and hard monomer is 1.5:1～2:1,dosages of protective colloid, dimethyl allylphosphonate, emulsifier, initiator, buffer, acrylic acid and crosslinking agent was 1～2%, 15%, 5%, 0.3%～0.4%, 0.3～0.5%, 3% and 1.0～1.5% by weight of monomers, respectively, and reaction temperature is 85～90℃, reaction time is 4～6 hours, solid content of the waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum is 50%, the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum had good foaming power, adherence and stability, it could make bamboo pulp fiber have good air permeability and moisture permeability, good flame-retardancy and durability, soft handle and good elasticity.
4. It can be seen from the comparative experiments that the flame-retardancy of the reactive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum and the additive waterborne foaming flame retardant coating gum, showed almost same. But the flame durability of reactive coating gum is best than that of additive coating gum, and the appearance of fabric finished by the coating gum added solid flame retardants is coarse; the appearance of fabric finished by the coating gum added liquid flame retardants had greasy feeling.
引文
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