涂料泡沫多彩染色技术的研究
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摘要
近年来,随着能源紧张、水资源缺乏和石油价格上涨,人们的节能环保意识大大增强；各印染企业在降低生产成本、减少能源消耗和废水排放方面的压力倍增,这大大促进他们力图通过技术创新和技术改造来降低成本并发展生产。因此,上世纪七八十年代曾经迅速发展后又被冷却的泡沫染整技术又重新受到人们的青睐,并且得到新的发展。
在泡沫染整技术中,泡沫整理技术研究最为成熟,应用也最广；泡沫印花技术应用较成熟；泡沫染色技术由于染色不匀大大制约了其应用；为解决泡沫染色不匀的问题,泡沫多色染色应运而生,但由于其先发泡再加染料会出现染料对泡沫的消泡作用,影响染色效果；因此,泡沫多彩染色这一概念被提出来了,它是将发泡助剂分别加入三原色染液中直接发泡,形成彩泡后再施加到织物上,形成丰富多彩的图案。
在泡沫多彩染色中,已有人对活性染料进行了研究,对于涂料却只有涂料泡沫印花被研究过,未见有涂料泡沫多彩染色的报道。由于涂料加工本身具有工艺简单、节能节水等优点,如果在涂料加工的基础上与泡沫结合在一起进行涂料泡沫多彩染色,那么这一技术将更加具有节能、节水和开发丰富多彩的新产品的效果。
本文通过对涂料、粘合剂、增稠剂的筛选以及发泡剂的性能研究,确定适合泡沫多彩染色的助剂及合适的发泡剂浓度,并且对不同深度的发泡原液的相容性进行了试验分析。本文也对涂料泡沫单色染色与涂料印花试样的染色牢度进行比较,证实泡沫染色工艺的织物在相关染色牢度上优于或等于涂料印花工艺的织物,证明泡沫多彩染色的质量是可靠的。
本文还在泡沫单色染色的基础上进行了涂料泡沫多彩染色,试验表明泡沫多彩染色试样具有图案随意、新颖、丰富多彩的特殊效果,对于开发新产品具有实用价值。
In recent years, with the energy crisis, water scarcity and rising oil prices, people's saving and environmental protection awareness greatly enhanced; the printing and dyeing enterprises have a large pressure in lowing production costs,reducing energy consumption and discharging the waste water. So,they improve new technology to reduce the cost of production, therefore, the technology of foam dyeing and finishing is focusde on again by people.
The printing and dyeing processing technology includes foam finishing, foam printing, and foam dyeing. In these techniques, foam finishing technology is the most mature and applied most widely; foam printing technology is relatively mature; because of uneven coloring problem of foam dyeing, its application is greatly restricted in textile dyeing and finishing.In order to solve the problem of uneven dyeing, foam multi-color dyeing came into being.Foam Multi-colour Dyeing is dyeing foam processing technology that some foaming additives is added directly into the RGB dye liquor, and then it is changed into the foam fluid directly, and finally using color foam for dyeing. It also combines the dual effect of dyeing and printing, by dyeing a variety of colors to make up for the way the problem of uneven staining, and which co-exist with a variety of colors in the fabric characteristics. For its randomness in pattern and diversity of color, Foam multi-colour dyeing can form a variety of different patterns.
Reactive dyes has been studied in the colorful foam dyeing, but there is no pigment-foam multi-color dyeing reported. As the coating process itself has some advantages,such as a simple process, saving energy and water,etc.. if the coating process is combined with foam colorful dyeing, then this technology will save more energy and water, and more easier to develop new products.
In this paper, the suitable coatings, adhesives, thickeners and foaming agents are selected,and different concentrations of the compatibility of liquid foam are analyzed. This paper also compare fastness between the paint foam monochrome printing dyeing and coating printing samples, confirmed the foam dyeing of fabrics in the relevant color fastness is better than or equal to the coating on the fabric printing process.
Finally, on the basis of monochrome dyeing, Foam Multi-colour Dyeing is performed,then rendering of the color control is got. The tests indicated that pattern of Foam Multi-colour Dyeing sample is random, novel and colorful, so it is very useful for developing new product, at the same time, because of lower up-take of foam dyeing, drying energy is saved greatly and productivity is also improved.
在泡沫染整技术中,泡沫整理技术研究最为成熟,应用也最广；泡沫印花技术应用较成熟；泡沫染色技术由于染色不匀大大制约了其应用；为解决泡沫染色不匀的问题,泡沫多色染色应运而生,但由于其先发泡再加染料会出现染料对泡沫的消泡作用,影响染色效果；因此,泡沫多彩染色这一概念被提出来了,它是将发泡助剂分别加入三原色染液中直接发泡,形成彩泡后再施加到织物上,形成丰富多彩的图案。
在泡沫多彩染色中,已有人对活性染料进行了研究,对于涂料却只有涂料泡沫印花被研究过,未见有涂料泡沫多彩染色的报道。由于涂料加工本身具有工艺简单、节能节水等优点,如果在涂料加工的基础上与泡沫结合在一起进行涂料泡沫多彩染色,那么这一技术将更加具有节能、节水和开发丰富多彩的新产品的效果。
本文通过对涂料、粘合剂、增稠剂的筛选以及发泡剂的性能研究,确定适合泡沫多彩染色的助剂及合适的发泡剂浓度,并且对不同深度的发泡原液的相容性进行了试验分析。本文也对涂料泡沫单色染色与涂料印花试样的染色牢度进行比较,证实泡沫染色工艺的织物在相关染色牢度上优于或等于涂料印花工艺的织物,证明泡沫多彩染色的质量是可靠的。
本文还在泡沫单色染色的基础上进行了涂料泡沫多彩染色,试验表明泡沫多彩染色试样具有图案随意、新颖、丰富多彩的特殊效果,对于开发新产品具有实用价值。
In recent years, with the energy crisis, water scarcity and rising oil prices, people's saving and environmental protection awareness greatly enhanced; the printing and dyeing enterprises have a large pressure in lowing production costs,reducing energy consumption and discharging the waste water. So,they improve new technology to reduce the cost of production, therefore, the technology of foam dyeing and finishing is focusde on again by people.
The printing and dyeing processing technology includes foam finishing, foam printing, and foam dyeing. In these techniques, foam finishing technology is the most mature and applied most widely; foam printing technology is relatively mature; because of uneven coloring problem of foam dyeing, its application is greatly restricted in textile dyeing and finishing.In order to solve the problem of uneven dyeing, foam multi-color dyeing came into being.Foam Multi-colour Dyeing is dyeing foam processing technology that some foaming additives is added directly into the RGB dye liquor, and then it is changed into the foam fluid directly, and finally using color foam for dyeing. It also combines the dual effect of dyeing and printing, by dyeing a variety of colors to make up for the way the problem of uneven staining, and which co-exist with a variety of colors in the fabric characteristics. For its randomness in pattern and diversity of color, Foam multi-colour dyeing can form a variety of different patterns.
Reactive dyes has been studied in the colorful foam dyeing, but there is no pigment-foam multi-color dyeing reported. As the coating process itself has some advantages,such as a simple process, saving energy and water,etc.. if the coating process is combined with foam colorful dyeing, then this technology will save more energy and water, and more easier to develop new products.
In this paper, the suitable coatings, adhesives, thickeners and foaming agents are selected,and different concentrations of the compatibility of liquid foam are analyzed. This paper also compare fastness between the paint foam monochrome printing dyeing and coating printing samples, confirmed the foam dyeing of fabrics in the relevant color fastness is better than or equal to the coating on the fabric printing process.
Finally, on the basis of monochrome dyeing, Foam Multi-colour Dyeing is performed,then rendering of the color control is got. The tests indicated that pattern of Foam Multi-colour Dyeing sample is random, novel and colorful, so it is very useful for developing new product, at the same time, because of lower up-take of foam dyeing, drying energy is saved greatly and productivity is also improved.
引文
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[16]Warren S. Perkins and Robert P. Walker. Foam Sizing[J].Textile Research Journal.1982,52: 547-554.
[17]王红卫.泡洙上浆[J].上海纺织科技,1985,(4)：58.
[18]李珂,张健飞.纺织品泡沫染整加[技术[J].针织工业,2009：39.
[19]李志生.泡沫丝光[J].印染,1983,(1)：56.
[20]陈立秋.泡沫染整技术的节能(一)[J].染整技术,2010,32(9)：49-50.
[21]王晓红译.成衣染色中泡沫整理增白技术[J].中外技术情报,1992(4)：31-32.
[22]李连举,辛长征,费红周,王仕仲.水刺法非织造布泡沫染色的工艺研究[J].纺织科学研究,2003,(4)：48.
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[24]泡洙染整技术[J].技术纺织品,1995,(2)：35-36.
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[30]王绍辉,赵德锋,李振兴.涂料泡沫印花[J].漂印染整：19.
[31]Gregory J.Hopkins, Charlotte, N.C.Foam finishing apparatus and method [P]. US:4773110, Sep.27,1988.
[32]全永康译.泡沫整理新方法[J].印染,1981,(4)：61.
[33]孙铠,许海育,朱绍云.泡沫整理新工艺的小试研究综述.中国纺织工程学会后整理学术讨论会.1987,11.
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[35]Angelo J. Sabia.应用泡沫整理技术使用有机硅[J].印染助剂,1992,9(1)：32-36.
[36]朱光林,魏征,王志根.厚重织物泡沫阻燃涂层[J].印染,2004(16)：31-32.
[37]姜伟伟,施菊.阻燃涂层胶对丙纶织物进行泡沫阻燃涂层整理[J].印染,2007(4)：22-23.
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[39]郑耀樊译.无纺织物用泡洙整理施加装置的最新发展[J].印染译丛,1991(2)：49-52.
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