盐池县配电网降损及无功补偿研究
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摘要
能源是发展国民经济的关键,合理充分地利用和节约能源不仅可以大大降低国民生产总成本,同时对国民经济发展也具有深远的意义。电能作为当前最优秀的二次能源之一,是社会与经济发展的基础。实际配电系统中的线损是衡量考核供电企业生产技术和经营管理水平的一项综合技术指标,也是实行经济运行,提高经济效益的重要手段和有效途径。
我国的线损率与世界发达国家相比还比较高,节电潜力很大。随着电力企业经营理念的更新,不断掌握现代化管理手段,摒弃粗放管理,更好地应用定量的、可操作的、可考核的科学管理方法,把不合理电能损耗减小到最少,使线损率达到先进水平,这是电力企业现代化管理的核心内容之一,也是电力企业生存和发展的必要条件。
本课题的提出,正是应对盐池县供电局配电网实际情况,研究解决配电网10kV线路线损偏高问题以及线路电压不合格的问题。论文首先介绍了线损理论计算的原理,根据盐池地区10kV配网的实际情况建立分析计算模型,进而对盐池地区10kV配网进行了全面的线损理论计算,在分析计算结果的基础上针对盐池电网的网损和电压越限情况,提出采用无功补偿作为系统的降损方案,根据拟定的降损方案对电网重新进行了线损理论计算。
线损计算的结果表明盐池配网存在线损偏高,电压不合格点众多,功率因素偏低的特点。在采取无功补偿的降损方案后将两次线损理论计算结果的比较,两条线的线损大大降低,功率因数有很大提高,节点电压均在合格范围。验证了降损方案的可行性和经济性,对节能降耗的推广具有重大意义。论文提出的方法具有针对性强的特点,为盐池地区电网进行降损改造和电网规划提供了很好的参考依据。
Energy source plays an important role in the development of national economy, so exploiting energy source fully and reasonably and saving it can not only reduce the cost of national production remarkably but also benefit to the development of national economy. Electric power, as the best one in secondary energy, is the foundation of economy. For electric utilities, the line loss is an important technical index for assessing their technique and management levels; moreover, in practical operation reducing line loss is also an effective measure and approach for improving the economic benefits.
Compare with the developed countries of the world, the line-loss rate of the power network of China is still high, so the potential of power save is also great. By the management conceptions of the power company have been upgraded, the line-loss rate of the power network of China will be advanced in the world with adopting modern management method, giving up extensive management, making better use of quantitative, operable and examinable scientific management methods, reducing the irrational line-loss to the least as it can be. This is not only the main aspect of the modern management of the power company, but also the necessary condition for the development of the power company.
The topic is proposed to study and solve the high line losses and line voltage failure problem of Yanchi 10kV distribution network at the actual situation of Yanchi distribution network. This thesis introduces the theories about theoretical calculation of the line losses first, discusses calculation of the line losses for Yanchi power network by setting up models with the actual conditions of the power network of Yanchi. According to the analysis of the results based on the line losses and the limit voltage, a scheme of reducing losses by using reactive power compensation for Yanchi power network is presented. On the basis of the scheme of reducing losses, the line losses calculation is repeated.
According to the comparison of the two results, the loss of the two lines is greatly reduced, the power factor is greatly improved, and the nodes voltage is qualified. The feasibility and economy of the scheme is validated. It has a great significance on the promotion of energy saving. The scheme in this thesis have an advantages of pertinence, can provide good reference for reducing line losses and the planning of power network.
我国的线损率与世界发达国家相比还比较高,节电潜力很大。随着电力企业经营理念的更新,不断掌握现代化管理手段,摒弃粗放管理,更好地应用定量的、可操作的、可考核的科学管理方法,把不合理电能损耗减小到最少,使线损率达到先进水平,这是电力企业现代化管理的核心内容之一,也是电力企业生存和发展的必要条件。
本课题的提出,正是应对盐池县供电局配电网实际情况,研究解决配电网10kV线路线损偏高问题以及线路电压不合格的问题。论文首先介绍了线损理论计算的原理,根据盐池地区10kV配网的实际情况建立分析计算模型,进而对盐池地区10kV配网进行了全面的线损理论计算,在分析计算结果的基础上针对盐池电网的网损和电压越限情况,提出采用无功补偿作为系统的降损方案,根据拟定的降损方案对电网重新进行了线损理论计算。
线损计算的结果表明盐池配网存在线损偏高,电压不合格点众多,功率因素偏低的特点。在采取无功补偿的降损方案后将两次线损理论计算结果的比较,两条线的线损大大降低,功率因数有很大提高,节点电压均在合格范围。验证了降损方案的可行性和经济性,对节能降耗的推广具有重大意义。论文提出的方法具有针对性强的特点,为盐池地区电网进行降损改造和电网规划提供了很好的参考依据。
Energy source plays an important role in the development of national economy, so exploiting energy source fully and reasonably and saving it can not only reduce the cost of national production remarkably but also benefit to the development of national economy. Electric power, as the best one in secondary energy, is the foundation of economy. For electric utilities, the line loss is an important technical index for assessing their technique and management levels; moreover, in practical operation reducing line loss is also an effective measure and approach for improving the economic benefits.
Compare with the developed countries of the world, the line-loss rate of the power network of China is still high, so the potential of power save is also great. By the management conceptions of the power company have been upgraded, the line-loss rate of the power network of China will be advanced in the world with adopting modern management method, giving up extensive management, making better use of quantitative, operable and examinable scientific management methods, reducing the irrational line-loss to the least as it can be. This is not only the main aspect of the modern management of the power company, but also the necessary condition for the development of the power company.
The topic is proposed to study and solve the high line losses and line voltage failure problem of Yanchi 10kV distribution network at the actual situation of Yanchi distribution network. This thesis introduces the theories about theoretical calculation of the line losses first, discusses calculation of the line losses for Yanchi power network by setting up models with the actual conditions of the power network of Yanchi. According to the analysis of the results based on the line losses and the limit voltage, a scheme of reducing losses by using reactive power compensation for Yanchi power network is presented. On the basis of the scheme of reducing losses, the line losses calculation is repeated.
According to the comparison of the two results, the loss of the two lines is greatly reduced, the power factor is greatly improved, and the nodes voltage is qualified. The feasibility and economy of the scheme is validated. It has a great significance on the promotion of energy saving. The scheme in this thesis have an advantages of pertinence, can provide good reference for reducing line losses and the planning of power network.
引文
[1]杨秀台,电力网线损的理论计算和分析.北京:水利出版社,1985
[2]虞忠年,陈星莺,刘昊编著,电力网电能损耗[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2000年
[3]杨期余,任国梁.配电网线损计算与分析.中国电机工程学报.1985:15(2)
[4]Mamardar K R C.Chenoweth R.D.Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow for Improvements in Voltage Profile and Real Power Loss Minimization.IEEE.Trans.1981,100:3185-3194
[5]丁毓山,俞淳元,线损管理系统及软件设计[M],北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996年
[6]吴安官,倪保珊,电力系统线损[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1996年
[7]廖学琦,线损理论计算与线损管理[M],北京:教育科学出版社,1990年
[8]鄂长春,张焰,陈章潮,蓝毓俊,陈芯蕊,配电网网损计算新方法的研究[J],中国电力,1999,Vol.32(2),pp.21-26
[9]廖学琦,线损理论计算与管理讲座,农村电气化[J],1995,No.8,pp.1-2
[10]陈星莺,廖迎晨,单渊达,虞忠年,江卫中配电网络及低压配电台区理论线损计算电工技术2000(11),P14-15;2000(12):P13-14
[11]翟世隆,线损知识问答[M],北京:水利电力出版社,1990
[12]梁志成等”一种改进的无功功率最优分配LP的方法”
[13]华中电管局动能经济研究所,电网线损理论计算与分析系统软件[R],2001
[14]Kishore."Static Optimization of Reactive Power Sources by use of sensitivity Parameters IEEE Trans,Vol.PAS-90,pp 1166-1173,May/June 1971
[15]H.H.Happ et al,"Static and Dynamic Compensation in System planning "IEEE Trans Vol.PAS-97,pp 1564-1578,Set/oct 1978
[16]四川电力试验研究院,电力网电能损耗文献选编[17]张伯明,陈寿孙《高等电力网络》1998
[18]杨毅刚”电力系统无功补偿的研究”1997
[19]汤建民,杨秀台”电力系统无功补偿综合规划”,重庆大学;1986年
[20]Devotta et al,"Optimal Reactive Compensation in Power Systems,Comput&Elect.
[21]Engneers,Vol.9,No.2,pp 111-119,1982
[22]张建中,”求解一类不可微最优化问题一个逐次线性规划方法”数学年刊,Vol.6A (1985),p225-236
[23]于尔铿,刘广一,王明俊”配电系统自动化及其发展(四)—配电管理系统的应用软件.电网技术,1996;20(10):55-58
[24]王海宁,潘毅,丁健.能量管理系统(EMS):调度工程师潮流电力系统自动化,1997;21 (9):79-82
[25]张学松,柳悼,于尔铿,陈竟成.面向对象编程技术在配电网应用软件开发中的应用.电网技术,1998.7
[26]杨期余主编.配电网络.中国电力出版利,1998
[27]施流忠,罗毅芳,刘巍等.电力网电能损耗计算分析中的几项功能设计.电网技术.1999,23(2):26-28
[28]J.Peschon and W.ETinney,"Sensitivity in Power Systems" IEEE Trans Vol.PAS-87,1968
[29]张学松,柳悼,于尔铿等.配电网潮流算法比较研究.电网技术.1998,22(4):45-49
[30]Zhang F,Cheng C S.A modified Newton method for radial distribution system power flow analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power System,1997.12(1).
[31]陈天恩,于鹏.用函数型神经网络计算配电网的线损.甘肃电力.1991,(1):40-41
[32]陈得治,郭志江.基于负荷获取和匹配潮流方法得配电网理论线损计算方法.电网技术.2005,29(1):80-84
[33]丁新海,罗毅芳,刘巍等.配电网线损理论计算的实用方法——改进迭代法.电网技术.2000,24(1):39-42
[34]罗毅芳,刘巍,师流忠等.电网线损理论计算与分析系统的研制.中国电力,.1997,30(9):37-39
[35]刘伟,李恒,张江等.基于馈线区间和GIS的配电网网损计算拓扑分析方法.继电器.2002,30(8):10-13
[36]李少萱.负荷曲线形状系数及电能损耗的影响分析.福建电力与电工.1999,19(2):8-11
[37]Lin W M,Chin H C,A new approach for distribution feeder reconfiguration for loss reduction and service restoration[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1998,3
[38]刘成祥.低压线损理论计算及低压改造效益分析计算方法的探讨.农村电气化.2000,(2):23-24
[39]刘成祥.用”竹节法”进行低压线损计算制定合理的线损指标.农村电气化.2003,(9):22-23
[40]梅海彬,谢琦,张明华.模型识别在实时线损计算中的应用.郑州工业大学学报.2001,22(1):100-102
[41]牟壮.山区县低压线路理论线损计算与管理浅谈.农村电工.2004,(10):36
[42]秦腊梅.电力网电网线损管理.农村电气化.2004,(2):29-30
[43]宋奕冰,娄北.基于新的数据处理方式的理论线损计算.电力自动化设备.2001,21(5):15-17
[44]尚有为,杨树春.低压线路线损理论计算.农村电气化.2003,(5):15-17
[45]Ramanathan R.Dynamic Load Flow Technique of Power System.1EEPW R,1996,1(3)
[46]文福栓,韩祯祥.联合采用BP模型和Kohoen模型的配电网线损计算.电工技术学报.1993,(3):16-20
[47]王春生,彭建春,永红.配电网线损分析与管理系统的研制.华北电力技术.1999,(11):50-52
[48]王琨,刘丽平.10kV线损理论计算方法的误差分析.电力学报.2002,12(4):251-253
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[52]孙宏斌,张伯明,相年德.配电潮流前推回推法的收敛性研究.中国电机工程学报.1999,19(7):26-29
[53]ICHIRO HANO et al,"Real Tune Control of System Voltage and Reactive Power" IEEE Trans,Vol.PAS-88,pp 1544-1559,oct 1969
[54]Antonio Gomez Exposito,Esther Romero Ramos.Reliable load flow technique for radial distribution networks.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.1999,14(3)
[55]廖学琦,农网线损计算分析与降损措施[M],北京:水利出版社,2003年
[56]蔡君豪.人工神经网络用于配电网的线损计算.辽宁电机工程学报.1995,13(4):47-50
[57]蔺格晒,王国强.配电网理论线损计算分析系统的研究与开发.青海电力.1999,(2):12-17
[58]文福栓,韩祯祥.基于分群算法和人工神经网的配电网线损计算.中国电机工程学报.1993,(3):41-50
[2]虞忠年,陈星莺,刘昊编著,电力网电能损耗[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2000年
[3]杨期余,任国梁.配电网线损计算与分析.中国电机工程学报.1985:15(2)
[4]Mamardar K R C.Chenoweth R.D.Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow for Improvements in Voltage Profile and Real Power Loss Minimization.IEEE.Trans.1981,100:3185-3194
[5]丁毓山,俞淳元,线损管理系统及软件设计[M],北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996年
[6]吴安官,倪保珊,电力系统线损[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1996年
[7]廖学琦,线损理论计算与线损管理[M],北京:教育科学出版社,1990年
[8]鄂长春,张焰,陈章潮,蓝毓俊,陈芯蕊,配电网网损计算新方法的研究[J],中国电力,1999,Vol.32(2),pp.21-26
[9]廖学琦,线损理论计算与管理讲座,农村电气化[J],1995,No.8,pp.1-2
[10]陈星莺,廖迎晨,单渊达,虞忠年,江卫中配电网络及低压配电台区理论线损计算电工技术2000(11),P14-15;2000(12):P13-14
[11]翟世隆,线损知识问答[M],北京:水利电力出版社,1990
[12]梁志成等”一种改进的无功功率最优分配LP的方法”
[13]华中电管局动能经济研究所,电网线损理论计算与分析系统软件[R],2001
[14]Kishore."Static Optimization of Reactive Power Sources by use of sensitivity Parameters IEEE Trans,Vol.PAS-90,pp 1166-1173,May/June 1971
[15]H.H.Happ et al,"Static and Dynamic Compensation in System planning "IEEE Trans Vol.PAS-97,pp 1564-1578,Set/oct 1978
[16]四川电力试验研究院,电力网电能损耗文献选编[17]张伯明,陈寿孙《高等电力网络》1998
[18]杨毅刚”电力系统无功补偿的研究”1997
[19]汤建民,杨秀台”电力系统无功补偿综合规划”,重庆大学;1986年
[20]Devotta et al,"Optimal Reactive Compensation in Power Systems,Comput&Elect.
[21]Engneers,Vol.9,No.2,pp 111-119,1982
[22]张建中,”求解一类不可微最优化问题一个逐次线性规划方法”数学年刊,Vol.6A (1985),p225-236
[23]于尔铿,刘广一,王明俊”配电系统自动化及其发展(四)—配电管理系统的应用软件.电网技术,1996;20(10):55-58
[24]王海宁,潘毅,丁健.能量管理系统(EMS):调度工程师潮流电力系统自动化,1997;21 (9):79-82
[25]张学松,柳悼,于尔铿,陈竟成.面向对象编程技术在配电网应用软件开发中的应用.电网技术,1998.7
[26]杨期余主编.配电网络.中国电力出版利,1998
[27]施流忠,罗毅芳,刘巍等.电力网电能损耗计算分析中的几项功能设计.电网技术.1999,23(2):26-28
[28]J.Peschon and W.ETinney,"Sensitivity in Power Systems" IEEE Trans Vol.PAS-87,1968
[29]张学松,柳悼,于尔铿等.配电网潮流算法比较研究.电网技术.1998,22(4):45-49
[30]Zhang F,Cheng C S.A modified Newton method for radial distribution system power flow analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power System,1997.12(1).
[31]陈天恩,于鹏.用函数型神经网络计算配电网的线损.甘肃电力.1991,(1):40-41
[32]陈得治,郭志江.基于负荷获取和匹配潮流方法得配电网理论线损计算方法.电网技术.2005,29(1):80-84
[33]丁新海,罗毅芳,刘巍等.配电网线损理论计算的实用方法——改进迭代法.电网技术.2000,24(1):39-42
[34]罗毅芳,刘巍,师流忠等.电网线损理论计算与分析系统的研制.中国电力,.1997,30(9):37-39
[35]刘伟,李恒,张江等.基于馈线区间和GIS的配电网网损计算拓扑分析方法.继电器.2002,30(8):10-13
[36]李少萱.负荷曲线形状系数及电能损耗的影响分析.福建电力与电工.1999,19(2):8-11
[37]Lin W M,Chin H C,A new approach for distribution feeder reconfiguration for loss reduction and service restoration[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1998,3
[38]刘成祥.低压线损理论计算及低压改造效益分析计算方法的探讨.农村电气化.2000,(2):23-24
[39]刘成祥.用”竹节法”进行低压线损计算制定合理的线损指标.农村电气化.2003,(9):22-23
[40]梅海彬,谢琦,张明华.模型识别在实时线损计算中的应用.郑州工业大学学报.2001,22(1):100-102
[41]牟壮.山区县低压线路理论线损计算与管理浅谈.农村电工.2004,(10):36
[42]秦腊梅.电力网电网线损管理.农村电气化.2004,(2):29-30
[43]宋奕冰,娄北.基于新的数据处理方式的理论线损计算.电力自动化设备.2001,21(5):15-17
[44]尚有为,杨树春.低压线路线损理论计算.农村电气化.2003,(5):15-17
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