宁夏盐池县10kV配电网电压控制和保护研究
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摘要
盐池县现有10kV线路中,柳杨堡线、八岔梁线、苏步井线、蔡家梁线、惠农线、惠马线、郝记台线、鸦儿沟线、后洼线等9条线路均长度超过100km。以柳杨堡线为例,该线全长175.774km,供电半径为49.6 km,共有变压器145台,在长期运行中发现,在农灌季节,线路末端电压大幅度下降,局部调节变压器仍不能满足要求,而且调节时受到农灌连续供电要求限制。另外,变压器位置分散,现场实际调节困难;在农闲季节,线路基本空载,末端电压偏高,现场人员仍需要调节变压器到正常情况。这样一方面远远加大一线实际工作量,另一方面调压不及时,有可能造成设备损坏。因此,论文针对盐池县供电局配电网实际情况,研究解决农村电网的电压质量和保护配置等问题,论文所作的研究具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。
根据配电网潮流计算的理论以及配电网无功补偿的原则理论,对盐池县10kV配电网无功进行补偿,在分散补偿的原则指导下,提出了柱上高压并联电容器的补偿方案,在满足年综合费用最小的目标函数的约束下,确定无功补偿地点和无功补偿容量,使得配网电压稳定在农网电压标准的范围内,并满足无功补偿设备投资的经济性。
另外,盐池县10kV线路只有首端有电流速断保护和定时限过电流保护,发生故障线路停电范围大,故障范围不好确定,供电可靠性低,也增加了现场工作人员的工作量。根据盐池县杨柳堡线的线路长,供电半径大,在分段开关设置原则的指导下,增加了线路的分段开关。在电流保护的整定原则下,给各个分段开关整定了三段电流保护并校验了灵敏度,满足了供电可靠性的要求。
本课题的提出,正是应对盐池县供电局配电网实际情况,研究解决配电网10kV电压质量和线损偏高问题,以及10kV线路配网的保护问题。
There are 9 lines of existing 10 kV lines in Yanchi county,such as Liuyang bao line, Bachaliang line, Subujing line, Caijialiang line, and Huinong line,Huima line, Haojitai line, Yaer line, Houguiline,these lines are longer than 100km. Take Liuyang bao line for example, the length of the line is 175.774km, electricity radius of 49.6 km, a total of 102 sets of transformers, in the long run especially in agricultural irrigation season, the voltage of the end of line has dropped dramatically. Regulating the local transformer still fail to meet the requirement, and adjusting is limited to the continual power supply requirement for irrigation by farmers. In addition, transformers are scattered in locations, the adjustment is difficult. During the slack season, basically there are no loads in the line and it will lead to high voltage in the terminal, transformer still needs to be adjusted to a normal situation. The situation will increase the actual workload of frontline, on the other hand if the adjustment is not timely, it may cause damages to equipment. Field officers have tried to regulate the export voltage of substation, yet causing High voltage to load near the exit of the line and City network users which needs transformer adjustment. That couldnot meet both consumers. As the voltage quality failed, causing low power factor, much line loss, such as in 2005 the average line loss 22.57%, in 2006 21.81%, in 2006 average power factor of substation exports Department is 0.74, the end may be lower.
In addition,there is only overcurrent protection in the existing 10kV lines in Yanchi county, but not instant protection, time and accuracy are unable to meet the requirements. When the line is repaired, the inrush current is very large. Particularly the adaption between lines and substations need to be resolved surgently.
根据配电网潮流计算的理论以及配电网无功补偿的原则理论,对盐池县10kV配电网无功进行补偿,在分散补偿的原则指导下,提出了柱上高压并联电容器的补偿方案,在满足年综合费用最小的目标函数的约束下,确定无功补偿地点和无功补偿容量,使得配网电压稳定在农网电压标准的范围内,并满足无功补偿设备投资的经济性。
另外,盐池县10kV线路只有首端有电流速断保护和定时限过电流保护,发生故障线路停电范围大,故障范围不好确定,供电可靠性低,也增加了现场工作人员的工作量。根据盐池县杨柳堡线的线路长,供电半径大,在分段开关设置原则的指导下,增加了线路的分段开关。在电流保护的整定原则下,给各个分段开关整定了三段电流保护并校验了灵敏度,满足了供电可靠性的要求。
本课题的提出,正是应对盐池县供电局配电网实际情况,研究解决配电网10kV电压质量和线损偏高问题,以及10kV线路配网的保护问题。
There are 9 lines of existing 10 kV lines in Yanchi county,such as Liuyang bao line, Bachaliang line, Subujing line, Caijialiang line, and Huinong line,Huima line, Haojitai line, Yaer line, Houguiline,these lines are longer than 100km. Take Liuyang bao line for example, the length of the line is 175.774km, electricity radius of 49.6 km, a total of 102 sets of transformers, in the long run especially in agricultural irrigation season, the voltage of the end of line has dropped dramatically. Regulating the local transformer still fail to meet the requirement, and adjusting is limited to the continual power supply requirement for irrigation by farmers. In addition, transformers are scattered in locations, the adjustment is difficult. During the slack season, basically there are no loads in the line and it will lead to high voltage in the terminal, transformer still needs to be adjusted to a normal situation. The situation will increase the actual workload of frontline, on the other hand if the adjustment is not timely, it may cause damages to equipment. Field officers have tried to regulate the export voltage of substation, yet causing High voltage to load near the exit of the line and City network users which needs transformer adjustment. That couldnot meet both consumers. As the voltage quality failed, causing low power factor, much line loss, such as in 2005 the average line loss 22.57%, in 2006 21.81%, in 2006 average power factor of substation exports Department is 0.74, the end may be lower.
In addition,there is only overcurrent protection in the existing 10kV lines in Yanchi county, but not instant protection, time and accuracy are unable to meet the requirements. When the line is repaired, the inrush current is very large. Particularly the adaption between lines and substations need to be resolved surgently.
引文
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[3]申丽华.农村电网局部无功优化保质降损的研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[4]罗红,郭喜庆.农村配电网合理结构研究[C].成都:全国高等学校电力系统及自动化专业第十九届学术年会论文集,2003:157-159.
[5]王敏,丁明.含分布式电源的配电系统规划[J].电力系统及其自动化学报.2004.12:6:5-9.
[6]汤红卫.基于GIS的农村电网规划方法的研究[D].中国农业大学博士学位论文.2001.06.01.
[7]张敬伟.农村电网建设与改造项目社会效益后评价研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文.2002.12.01.
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[9]代小翔.基于GIS的配电网网络优化[D].四川大学硕士学位论文.2004.06.01.
[10]何晓阳.电力市场环境下基于成本—效益分析的电网规划[D].华北电力大学(保定硕士学位论文.2004.12.22.
[11]韩文科,吕文斌,杨志荣,罗忠,梁建勇,陈汝媚,何翠英.DSM照明节电工程示范[J].电力需求侧管理.第6卷第6期.2004.11.
[12]北京华夏正天国际信息咨询有限公司.DSM照明节电示范项目的进展[J].中国能源.第26卷第6期.2004.06.
[13]王西训.农村电网降损的技术措施[J].大众用电.2005.8:33.
[14]林素文.合理布局降低线损[J].农村电气化.2005.12:25-26.
[15]万颖.农村电网存在的问题与降损途径[J].农业机械化与电气化.2004.3:47-48.
[16]王晓飞.农村低压电网无功规划及其补偿方法[J].科技资讯.2005.12:153.
[17]翟明军,金蓉.农村电网改造的技术措施探讨[J].中国农村水利水电.2005.11:101-102.
[18]王守相,李继平,王成山.配电网三相潮流算法比较研究,电力系统及其自动化水平.
[19]杨秀台.电力网线损的理论计算和分析.北京:水利电力出版社,1985年第一版:35-80.
[20]高汝武.配电网潮流计算方法的改进与研究.水电能源科学.水电能源科学.2004.4.110-113.
[21]张学松,柳焯,于尔铿等.配电网潮流算法比较研究[J].电网技术.水电能源科学.1998.22(4):45-49.
[22]J.C.Gomez,M.M.Morcos.Coordinating overcurrent protection and voltage sag in distributed generation systems[J].IEEE Power Engineering Review.2002.22(2):16-19.
[23]M.T.Doyle.Reviewing the impacts of distributed generation on distribution system protection[C].IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2002,1(1):103-105.
[24]J.C.Gomez,M.M.Morcos.Coordinating overcurrent protection and voltage sag in distributed generation systems[J].IEEE Power Engineering Review,2002,22(2):16-19.
[25]A.Girgis,S.Brahma.Effect of distributed generation on protective device coordination in distribution system[C].2001 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering,2001,2(1):115-119.
[26]P.P.Barker and R.W.Mello.Determining the impact of distributed generation on power systems:Part 1-Radial distribution systems[J].IEEE 2000 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2000,3:1645-1656.
[27]M.R.Behnke,"The Static Power Converter as the Network Interconnection Package for Distributed Generation and Storage Systems," Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,2001 IEEE/PES,Vol.2,pp:1161-1164.
[28]T.J.E米勒著.电力系统无功功率控制(胡国根译,何仰赞校).北京:水利电力出版社,1990.
[29]江钧祥.保证并联电容器安全运行的电网谐波电压总畸变率[J].电力电容器,1993,(1).
[30]崔驰.低压配网无功补偿浅析.电网技术.2000,24(7).
[31]邵晓明.农村配电网无功分散补偿方案探讨.农村电气化.2001.8.
[32]无功优化和无功补偿在电力系统上的应用.广东科技.2006.2:171-173.
[33]田丁华,李春华.10kV电容器组投切.华东电力.2001.第3期:16-19.
[34]何庆.低压配电网无功补偿.电气节能.2006.第12期:78-79.
[35]刘春新.馈线杆上并联电容器无功补偿优化算法的研究.青海电力.2002.第1期:1-3.
[36]田以霖.江苏省盐城供电公司.供用电.2006.10:52-54.
[37]Szabados B,Burgess E J.Optimizing Shunt Capacitor Installations Using Inductive Coordination Principles[J].IEEE T-PAS,1977,96(1):222-226.
[38]Szabados B,Michaud R,Easton N.The Ampere Mile Vector Yhoery[J].S.E.P.Ⅲ-2.00-7.0,N.B.Power,1975.
[39]Lee S H,Grainger J J.Optimum Placement of Fixed and Switched Capacitors on Primary Distribution Feeders[J].IEEE T-PAS,1981,100(1):345-352.
[40]姜士德.低压电网无功补偿节电技术经济效果分析[J].电气开关.2005.10.1:44.
[41]守丽群,魏晓峰,任水华,王凤鸣.配电网多目标无功优化方法研究与应用.南京工程学院学报(自然科学版).2005.12:43-47.
[42]王文蔚.节电技术探讨[J].电气时代.2005年第4期:22.
[43]张立主编.现代电力电子技术基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2003.
[44]张博,朴在林.农村配电网电炉谐波问题的分析及抑制对策[J].农村电气化.2005,1(1):8-9.
[45]罗安编著.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备[M].北京:中国电力出版社.2006.
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